24 Questions
When a microprocessor board is powered up, what happens to the reset vector stored in EPROM?
It is transferred to the RAM through hardware
What is the main goal of platform-based design in embedded systems?
To allow the reuse of software and hardware components
What is software/hardware co-design concerned with?
Both hardware and software design concerns
What does API stand for in the context of platform-based design?
Application Programming Interface
What is task-level concurrency management concerned with in embedded systems?
Identifying tasks in the final embedded system
Where is the reset vector initially stored when a microprocessor board is powered up?
EPROM
What type of design allows for the reuse of software and hardware components in embedded systems?
Platform-based design
What is the primary concern of software/hardware co-design in embedded systems?
Finding the right combination of hardware and software
In which design activity can loops be interchanged?
High-level transformation
What design activity transforms floating point arithmetic to fixed point arithmetic?
High-level transformation
Which design activity maps operations to hardware or software?
Hardware/software partitioning
What is approximated during hardware/software partitioning and task-level concurrency management?
Scheduling
What is the primary goal of high-level transformations?
To improve code locality and performance
Which design activity is responsible for analyzing a set of possible designs?
Design space exploration
What is the primary focus of hardware/software partitioning?
To map operations to hardware or software
In which design activity is the scheduling process approximated?
Hardware/software partitioning
What is the characteristic of RISC processors?
Simple instruction set
What is the 80/20 rule in RISC architecture?
80% instructions are generated and 20% are executed
Which of the following processors has a CISC architecture?
8086
Which company is credited with defining RISC architecture?
IBM
Which of the following processors executes its instructions in a single cycle?
MIPS R2000
How is memory accessed in RISC architecture?
Load and store instruction
Which of the following processors has a Harvard architecture?
MIPS R2000
What is the main advantage of RISC architecture?
Simplified instruction set
Study Notes
RISC Architecture
- SPARC and MIPS processors are the first generation processors of RISC architecture.
80/20 Rule
- 80% of instructions are generated and only 20% of the instruction set is executed.
- This leads to the formation of RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) which simplifies instructions to increase processor performance.
Complex Architecture
- SPARC has RISC architecture which has a simple instruction set.
- MC68020, MC68030, and 8086 have CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computing) architecture which is more complex.
RISC Definition
- IBM defined RISC architecture in the 1970s.
Single Cycle Execution
- MIPS R2000 executes its instructions in a single clock cycle.
- It synthesizes complex operations from the same reduced instruction set.
Memory Access in RISC
- Data is loaded into a register and manipulated, then written out to the main memory.
- This is done using load and store instructions.
Harvard Architecture
- RAM (Random Access Memory) has a Harvard architecture.
- When the board is powered up, the reset vector from the EPROM makes the initialisation of the board and is transferred to the RAM from the EPROM.
Platform-Based Design
- It allows the reuse of software and hardware components.
- It helps in coping with the increasing complexity in the design of embedded systems.
Software/Hardware Codesign
- It is a design that considers both hardware and software during the design process.
- It helps in finding the right combination of hardware and software for an efficient product.
API
- API stands for Application Programming Interface.
- It helps in extending the platform towards software applications.
Task-Level Concurrency Management
- It is concerned with identifying the tasks at the final embedded systems.
- It helps in identifying the tasks that need to be present in the final embedded systems.
High-Level Transformation
- It is responsible for high optimizing transformations.
- It can interchange loops and transform floating point arithmetic to fixed point arithmetic.
Hardware/Software Partitioning
- It is in charge of mapping operations to hardware or software.
- It helps in deciding whether to implement an operation in hardware or software.
Scheduling
- It is performed in several contexts.
- It should be approximated with other design activities like compilation, hardware/software partitioning, and task-level concurrency management.
Test your knowledge of computer architecture with this quiz, covering topics such as RISC processors and instruction execution rules.
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