Computer Architecture Overview
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Questions and Answers

What does the clock in the CPU primarily control?

  • The speed of data transfer between components
  • The power consumption of the CPU
  • The number of instructions sent to the ALU (correct)
  • The number of threads running concurrently

    • What is the role of the buses in a CPU?

  • To carry data between different parts of the CPU (correct)
  • To store data temporarily
  • To manage power supply to the CPU
  • To connect the CPU to peripheral devices

    • Why does a CPU seem to perform complex tasks efficiently?

  • It executes a large number of simple tasks rapidly (correct)
  • It has a high number of processing cores
  • It utilizes advanced parallel processing techniques
  • It operates on complex algorithms

    • Which part is NOT included in the structure of a CPU?

    <p>Hard Disk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does memory in a CPU primarily hold?

    <p>Instructions and data values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do you call the computer's memory that is closely linked to the CPU?

    <p>Immediate Access Store (IAS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the CPU's tasks is true?

    <p>It performs only simple instructions that may be complex in nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the data buses from the instruction buses in a CPU?

    <p>They transport data and instructions to the CPU, respectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two possible states of logic?

    <p>True and False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the statement 'Player has no lives THEN Game is over', what is the proposition?

    <p>Player has no lives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of an ALU in relation to logic?

    <p>To process logical statements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically represented on the right side of a logical statement?

    <p>Conclusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a truth table?

    <p>To display logical statements in a clear form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a logical statement?

    <p>A statement that can be either true or false</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in creating a truth table?

    <p>Write out the argument with THEN in upper-case</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to refer to the entire statement consisting of a proposition and a conclusion?

    <p>Logical Argument</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does memory play in relation to the CPU?

    <p>It holds the results of the CPU’s work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a significant disadvantage of RAM?

    <p>Its contents are lost when the computer is switched off.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why must you save your work before turning off the computer?

    <p>To prevent loss of data stored in RAM.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of storage retains data even when the computer is powered off?

    <p>Flash memory drive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason secondary storage takes longer for the CPU to access compared to RAM?

    <p>It is situated further away from the CPU.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of challenges does the ALU typically not participate?

    <p>Logical problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is true regarding secondary storage?

    <p>It has a slower access speed compared to RAM.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the processes necessary for logical reasoning within a computer?

    <p>The functions of the arithmetic and logic unit (ALU).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has improved the capabilities of robots in various tasks?

    Signup and view all the answers

    What is one benefit of using robots in hospitals for patient care?

    <p>They help reduce the physical strain on nurses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What roles do robots play in distribution centers?

    <p>Robots are utilized to pick and deliver goods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do robots assist in disaster recovery scenarios?

    <p>They use sensors to assess dangers and locate survivors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of proximity sensors in robots?

    <p>To detect nearby objects using infrared light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage does vision guided robotics (VGR) provide robots?

    <p>It enables robots to recognize objects and interact with them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has been a key development in the technology of robots?

    <p>The miniaturization and power enhancement of microprocessors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might voice recognition and natural language processing (NLP) change the way humans interact with robots?

    <p>It allows human-like conversations with robots.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of embedded processors in robots?

    <p>To provide mobility and autonomy to robots.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic allows robots to operate independently without human intervention?

    <p>They are programmed for autonomy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which industry are robots predominantly used for painting cars?

    <p>Manufacturing industry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key advantage of using robots in dangerous environments?

    <p>Robots can safely manage hazardous tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which agricultural application is mentioned as a dangerous task for humans?

    <p>Crop spraying by plane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major benefit of using robotic surgical instruments?

    <p>They can perform surgery faster and improve recovery time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do robots enhance efficiency in the manufacturing of microprocessors?

    <p>They do not get bored and minimize mistakes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does robotics play in future careers for computer scientists and engineers?

    <p>It is an essential and growing area of work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology is being developed for tasks like removing weeds in agriculture?

    <p>Robotic equipment that is fully autonomous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The CPU

    • CPU is the brain of the computer.
    • It is made of a control unit, ALU, and a clock.
    • These parts are connected by buses, which transmit data at high speed.

    The Fetch-Execute Cycle

    • The CPU carries out instructions by following the Fetch-Execute cycle.
    • This cycle involves fetching an instruction, decoding it, executing it, and storing the result.
    • The clock in the CPU ticks 3 billion times per second, allowing the CPU to complete a task each time it ticks.
    • This makes the computer seem powerful, even though it is only performing very simple instructions rapidly.

    Memory

    • Memory holds both instructions and data that the computer needs to operate.
    • It is connected to the CPU through buses and is often called the memory unit, IAS, or RAM.
    • Memory stores the results of the CPU's work.
    • Memory consists of microscopic electrical circuits that can be either on or off, representing data.

    Storage

    • Storage is used to save data persistently, even when the computer is turned off.
    • Examples of storage include hard disks, flash memory drives, network storage, and cloud storage.
    • Storage is considered secondary storage, in contrast to RAM.

    RAM vs. Secondary Storage

    • RAM is located closer to the CPU and allows faster data access compared to secondary storage.
    • The disadvantage of RAM is that it loses its data when the computer is turned off.
    • Secondary storage takes longer to access compared to RAM, but it stores data permanently.

    ALU and Logic

    • The ALU performs arithmetic operations and logic operations.
    • Logic is used to evaluate true or false conditions and make decisions based on them.
    • Logical statements can be linked with 'THEN' to make arguments and draw conclusions.
    • The proposition is the statement before 'THEN,' and the conclusion is the statement after 'THEN.'

    Truth Tables

    • Truth tables display logical statements in table form, making complex logic easier to understand.
    • Truth tables show how the truth value of the conclusion depends on the truth value of the proposition.

    Robotics

    • Robotics is the field of study and development of robots.
    • Robots are autonomous machines that can carry out tasks independently, sensing and responding to their environment.

    Advantages of Robots

    • Robots work reliably, without getting bored or making mistakes.
    • They can work quickly and for extended periods.
    • They can work in hazardous environments unsafe for humans.
    • Robots can work in confined spaces inaccessible to humans.
    • Robots can handle hazardous materials.

    Applications of Robots

    • Manufacturing: Robots perform repetitive tasks like soldering components, assembling parts, and painting cars.
    • Agriculture: Robots are used for crop harvesting, spraying, and autonomous farming operations.
    • Medicine: Robots assist surgeons with surgery, perform scans, and help patients recover.
    • Distribution: Robots are used to pick and deliver goods in warehouses and distribution centers.
    • Disaster Recovery: Robots are used to assess dangers, detect victims, and perform tasks in hazardous environments.

    Technology behind Robots

    • Sensors: Robots use sensors to perceive their environment, like proximity sensors, bumper switches, and pressure pads.
    • Vision Guided Robotics (VGR): Robots use cameras to see in 2D and 3D, allowing them to identify and interact with objects.
    • Voice Recognition and NLP: Robots are increasingly equipped with voice recognition and natural language processing to understand and respond to human speech.
    • Microprocessor Development: Powerful embedded microprocessors allow robots to be more autonomous and mobile.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of computer architecture, including the role of the CPU, the Fetch-Execute cycle, memory, and data storage. Understand how these components work together to make a computer function efficiently.

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