COMPSCI 340 Flashcards

A practice in which the CPU executes multiple jobs by switching among them, but the switches occur so frequently that the users can interact with the processes.

A technology for abstracting the hardware of a single computer into several different execution environments, creating an illusion that each environment is running on its own private computer.

The OS component running on the computer at all times after system boot.

<p>CPU mode in which all instructions are enabled. The kernel runs in this mode.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CPU mode for executing user processes in which some instructions are limited or not allowed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A scheduling challenge arising when a higher priority process needs to read or modify kernel data currently being accessed by a lower priority process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The part of the OS that determines the next job to be done.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A high-level language synchronization construct that protects variables from race conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A component of a monitor lock; a container of threads waiting for a condition to be true to enter the critical section.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>User mode code that can be scheduled according to a user-defined scheduling algorithm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A scheduling algorithm similar to FCFS scheduling, but with the pre-emption added to enable the system to switch between threads; designed especially for timesharing systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Operations that are always observed to be done or not done, but never halfway done.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An integer variable that, apart from initialization, is accessed only through two standard atomic operations: wait() and signal().</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>C++ designed for task-based parallelism on multicore processors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A computing method that distributes subsets of the same data across multiple cores and performs the same operation on each core.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A classic synchronization problem in which multiple operators (philosophers) try to access multiple items (chopsticks) simultaneously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coordination of access to data by two or more threads or processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A condition in which a thread continuously attempts an action that fails.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A form of scheduling in which processors or threads are involuntarily moved from running state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The state of the OS after boot when all kernel initialization has completed and system services have started.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An application that runs on a standard OS but provides VM management features to guest OS.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A scheduling algorithm that schedules periodic tasks using a static priority policy with pre-emption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An algorithm that provides protection from race conditions without requiring the overhead of locking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A mutual exclusion lock; the simplest software tool for assuring mutual exclusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Computer instructions that force any changes in memory to be propagated to all other processors in the system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A form of scheduling in which threads voluntarily move from the running state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Systems used when rigid time requirements have been placed on the operation of a processor or the flow of data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An OS structure that removes all nonessential components from the kernel and implements them as system and user level programs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A real-time scheduling algorithm in which the scheduler dynamically assigns priorities according to completion deadlines.</p> Signup and view all the answers