Compressor Lubrication Methods
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of shaft seals in a compressor?

  • To improve the aesthetic appearance of the compressor
  • To reduce wear and tear on the compressor
  • To prevent or minimize leakage of compressed gases (correct)
  • To increase the speed of the compressor
  • In what scenario are labyrinth seals typically used?

  • With non-combustible gases
  • In air compressors where some leakage is acceptable (correct)
  • For combustible gases
  • With toxic gases
  • How do carbon ring seals differ from labyrinth seals?

  • Carbon rings trap escaping gases
  • Carbon rings are segments held together with a spring (correct)
  • Carbon rings have razor-sharp edges
  • Carbon rings present an intricate path for escaping gases
  • What happens when the carbon ring seal is worn or has broken segments?

    <p>The entire seal assembly can be removed from the compressor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is there considerable wear on carbon ring seals?

    <p>Because of the near zero clearance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a liquid film seal work?

    <p>By using a thin liquid film between the seal and the rotating shaft (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of seal is used in hydrocarbon, refrigeration, and fertilizer applications to prevent leakage?

    <p>Oil film seal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situations are oil-free packing ring seals typically used?

    <p>Reciprocating gas compressors where maximum oil leakage containment is critical (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bearings are commonly used in compressor crankshafts?

    <p>Sleeve/shell bearings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of lubricating oil in a compressor?

    <p>To reduce the power loss caused by friction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of dry gas seal is specifically designed for non-hazardous gases at moderate pressure?

    <p>Single dry gas seal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle prevents compressed gases from leaking to the atmosphere in mechanical seals?

    <p>Contact between rotating and stationary surfaces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which system does compressor lubrication provide a film around piston rings, vanes, and valves?

    <p>Splash system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What safety hazard is associated with using oil in high-pressure air or oxygen situations?

    <p>Risk of oil contamination in the compressed air (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Grooves machined into the face of the rotating ring' in dry gas seals are primarily intended for which purpose?

    <p>'Aerodynamic force creation' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Oil drains away to an oil sump' in which type of seal design?

    <p>Oil film seal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of internal lubrication in reciprocating compressors?

    <p>Lubricate the cylinder walls and pistons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do dynamic compressors like centrifugal and axial flow types not require internal lubrication?

    <p>Their design prevents metal-to-metal contact (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is lubricating oil delivered to the rotor shaft bearings in rotary and dynamic compressors?

    <p>Via a pressure system pump (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might some applications in the food processing and medical industries prefer oil-free compressors?

    <p>To avoid oil contamination in products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of intercoolers and aftercoolers in a compressed air system?

    <p>Cool the gas between stages of compression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism is commonly used to provide internal lubrication in reciprocating compressors?

    <p>Splash lubrication system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a pressure lubricator prevent metal-to-metal contact in sliding vane rotary compressors?

    <p>By creating a seal between vanes and casing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might multistage compressors be necessary for oil-free compressors to attain the required pressure?

    <p>To compensate for reduced efficiency without internal lubrication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cooling systems are typically used in compressed air systems?

    <p>Shell and tube heat exchangers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using external lubrication in compressors?

    <p>Increased energy efficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of passing air through the aftercooler in a compressor system?

    <p>To remove heat from the air (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a potential issue if water vapor is not removed from the compressed air?

    <p>Creating a fire hazard due to oil vapor deposits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are intercoolers used in a compressor system?

    <p>To cool the air during compression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of construction is typical for water-cooled intercoolers and aftercoolers?

    <p>Shell and tube (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is crucial to prevent freezing in instrumentation lines or plug nozzles in controllers and positioners?

    <p>Air dryer filled with adsorbents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using adsorbents like silica gel in an air dryer system?

    <p>To attract moisture from the air (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it mentioned that adsorbents are very porous in an air dryer system?

    <p>To allow for a larger surface area to attract moisture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an aftercooler separator in a compressor system?

    <p>To remove condensed moisture and particles from the air stream (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the text suggest passing dehumidified air through a cooling coil after using adsorbents?

    <p>To reduce temperature after adsorption process heats up (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What safety feature must an aftercooler have if there is a shut-off valve between the aftercooler and the receiver?

    <p>Safety valve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of regenerating the adsorbent in air dryers?

    <p>To drive the adsorbed moisture off by evaporation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are absorbents not commonly used in air dryers?

    <p>They are difficult to regenerate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the two heat exchangers in refrigerated air dryers?

    <p>To prevent further condensing of moisture from the dry air (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are safety valves important in air receivers?

    <p>To prevent overpressurization and rupture of piping or equipment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended to minimize corrosion in air receivers?

    <p>Draining the receiver regularly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can result from an overpressure condition in a compressed gas system?

    <p>Rupture of piping or equipment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of check valves in a compressed air distribution system?

    <p>To prevent high-pressure air from blowing back into the compressor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should ventilation be done after opening an air receiver for inspection?

    <p>To prevent carbon monoxide gas accumulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of air receiver failure?

    <p>Weakening of vessel material due to corrosion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should safety valves be located at various points on a compressed gas system?

    <p>To prevent rupture of piping or equipment due to excessive pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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