Compressor Lubrication Methods
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of shaft seals in a compressor?

  • To improve the aesthetic appearance of the compressor
  • To reduce wear and tear on the compressor
  • To prevent or minimize leakage of compressed gases (correct)
  • To increase the speed of the compressor

In what scenario are labyrinth seals typically used?

  • With non-combustible gases
  • In air compressors where some leakage is acceptable (correct)
  • For combustible gases
  • With toxic gases

How do carbon ring seals differ from labyrinth seals?

  • Carbon rings trap escaping gases
  • Carbon rings are segments held together with a spring (correct)
  • Carbon rings have razor-sharp edges
  • Carbon rings present an intricate path for escaping gases

What happens when the carbon ring seal is worn or has broken segments?

<p>The entire seal assembly can be removed from the compressor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is there considerable wear on carbon ring seals?

<p>Because of the near zero clearance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a liquid film seal work?

<p>By using a thin liquid film between the seal and the rotating shaft (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of seal is used in hydrocarbon, refrigeration, and fertilizer applications to prevent leakage?

<p>Oil film seal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what situations are oil-free packing ring seals typically used?

<p>Reciprocating gas compressors where maximum oil leakage containment is critical (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bearings are commonly used in compressor crankshafts?

<p>Sleeve/shell bearings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of lubricating oil in a compressor?

<p>To reduce the power loss caused by friction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of dry gas seal is specifically designed for non-hazardous gases at moderate pressure?

<p>Single dry gas seal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle prevents compressed gases from leaking to the atmosphere in mechanical seals?

<p>Contact between rotating and stationary surfaces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which system does compressor lubrication provide a film around piston rings, vanes, and valves?

<p>Splash system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What safety hazard is associated with using oil in high-pressure air or oxygen situations?

<p>Risk of oil contamination in the compressed air (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Grooves machined into the face of the rotating ring' in dry gas seals are primarily intended for which purpose?

<p>'Aerodynamic force creation' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Oil drains away to an oil sump' in which type of seal design?

<p>Oil film seal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of internal lubrication in reciprocating compressors?

<p>Lubricate the cylinder walls and pistons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do dynamic compressors like centrifugal and axial flow types not require internal lubrication?

<p>Their design prevents metal-to-metal contact (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is lubricating oil delivered to the rotor shaft bearings in rotary and dynamic compressors?

<p>Via a pressure system pump (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might some applications in the food processing and medical industries prefer oil-free compressors?

<p>To avoid oil contamination in products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of intercoolers and aftercoolers in a compressed air system?

<p>Cool the gas between stages of compression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism is commonly used to provide internal lubrication in reciprocating compressors?

<p>Splash lubrication system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a pressure lubricator prevent metal-to-metal contact in sliding vane rotary compressors?

<p>By creating a seal between vanes and casing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might multistage compressors be necessary for oil-free compressors to attain the required pressure?

<p>To compensate for reduced efficiency without internal lubrication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cooling systems are typically used in compressed air systems?

<p>Shell and tube heat exchangers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using external lubrication in compressors?

<p>Increased energy efficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of passing air through the aftercooler in a compressor system?

<p>To remove heat from the air (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a potential issue if water vapor is not removed from the compressed air?

<p>Creating a fire hazard due to oil vapor deposits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are intercoolers used in a compressor system?

<p>To cool the air during compression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of construction is typical for water-cooled intercoolers and aftercoolers?

<p>Shell and tube (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is crucial to prevent freezing in instrumentation lines or plug nozzles in controllers and positioners?

<p>Air dryer filled with adsorbents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using adsorbents like silica gel in an air dryer system?

<p>To attract moisture from the air (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it mentioned that adsorbents are very porous in an air dryer system?

<p>To allow for a larger surface area to attract moisture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an aftercooler separator in a compressor system?

<p>To remove condensed moisture and particles from the air stream (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the text suggest passing dehumidified air through a cooling coil after using adsorbents?

<p>To reduce temperature after adsorption process heats up (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What safety feature must an aftercooler have if there is a shut-off valve between the aftercooler and the receiver?

<p>Safety valve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of regenerating the adsorbent in air dryers?

<p>To drive the adsorbed moisture off by evaporation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are absorbents not commonly used in air dryers?

<p>They are difficult to regenerate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the two heat exchangers in refrigerated air dryers?

<p>To prevent further condensing of moisture from the dry air (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are safety valves important in air receivers?

<p>To prevent overpressurization and rupture of piping or equipment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended to minimize corrosion in air receivers?

<p>Draining the receiver regularly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from an overpressure condition in a compressed gas system?

<p>Rupture of piping or equipment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of check valves in a compressed air distribution system?

<p>To prevent high-pressure air from blowing back into the compressor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should ventilation be done after opening an air receiver for inspection?

<p>To prevent carbon monoxide gas accumulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of air receiver failure?

<p>Weakening of vessel material due to corrosion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should safety valves be located at various points on a compressed gas system?

<p>To prevent rupture of piping or equipment due to excessive pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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