Composition of Blood Plasma

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of plasma in the blood?

  • Acting as a clotting factor
  • Regulating water content in the blood (correct)
  • Transporting nutrients throughout the body
  • Producing red blood cells

Which protein present in plasma serves as a transport protein for some hormones?

  • Globulin (correct)
  • Fibrinogen
  • Hemoglobin
  • Albumin

What is the primary function of red blood cells?

  • To produce plasma
  • To act as clotting factors
  • To regulate water in the blood
  • To carry oxygen and carbon dioxide (correct)

What gives red blood cells their biconcave shape?

<p>Hemoglobin (C)</p>
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Which component of the blood is responsible for gas exchange at the lungs?

<p>Red blood cells (A)</p>
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What happens to the carbon dioxide molecules in red blood cells after being collected?

<p>They bind to globin part of RBCs (D)</p>
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Where does erythropoiesis occur?

<p>Bone marrow (B)</p>
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Which organ helps in breaking down globin into amino acids?

<p>Spleen (C)</p>
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What is the function of the pulmonary valve in the heart?

<p>Pump blood to the lungs (D)</p>
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What is the main role of the vena cava in the human transport system?

<p>Transport deoxygenated blood to the right atrium (D)</p>
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Which part of the heart divides it into two sides?

<p>Septum (C)</p>
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What is the process responsible for acquiring oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide?

<p>Ventilation (D)</p>
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What is the main function of external respiration?

<p>Physical movement of gas in and out of the lungs (B)</p>
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During inspiration, what happens to the pressure in the lungs according to Boyle's law?

<p>Increases as volume decreases (B)</p>
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What is the function of the diaphragm during inspiration?

<p>Pushes or pulls the lungs to accommodate gas (A)</p>
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Which muscle is responsible for expanding the lungs during inspiration?

<p>External intercostal muscle (C)</p>
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What is influenced directly by expiration?

<p>Pressure in the lungs (A)</p>
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During external respiration, what occurs with the movement of gas?

<p>Gas moves out of the lungs (B)</p>
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What is the role of stomach acid in the innate immune system?

<p>It destroys the cell wall and organelles of bacteria due to its low pH (A)</p>
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What is the function of monocytes in the innate immune system?

<p>They act as the primary stage of phagocytes (B)</p>
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How do dendritic cells contribute to the innate immune response?

<p>By capturing pathogens and alerting other defense cells (A)</p>
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Which mechanism is responsible for pushing foreign substances downward in the body?

<p>Peristaltic movement of the esophagus (D)</p>
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How do 'good' bacteria contribute to innate immunity?

<p>They feed on pathogens and help in negating their activity (D)</p>
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What is the primary function of mast cells in the innate immune system?

<p>To alert other defense cells about potential infections (C)</p>
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What is the main function of neutrophils in the body?

<p>Chase pathogens in the bloodstream (C)</p>
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What is the role of histamine in the inflammatory response?

<p>Thicken blood vessels (B)</p>
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Which step in the inflammatory response involves the release of cytokines by mast cells?

<p>Step #2: Chemotaxis (D)</p>
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What is the function of fibrin in the inflammatory response?

<p>Promote blood clotting (D)</p>
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Which cell type comes to the scene after the pathogen has been eliminated to patch up the wound?

<p>Platelets (B)</p>
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What bodily response to infection heightens body temperature to kill pathogens?

<p>Fever (C)</p>
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