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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a component shared by all cells?
Which of the following is NOT a component shared by all cells?
- Ribosomes
- Cytoplasm
- Plasma membrane
- Chloroplasts (correct)
What is the primary function of ribosomes in prokaryotic cells?
What is the primary function of ribosomes in prokaryotic cells?
- Support cell shape
- Synthesize DNA
- Store nutrients
- Synthesize proteins (correct)
In which part of a prokaryotic cell is the DNA located?
In which part of a prokaryotic cell is the DNA located?
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleoid (correct)
- Cell membrane
- Nucleus
What role does the capsule play in prokaryotic cells?
What role does the capsule play in prokaryotic cells?
Which structure do prokaryotes often have that helps with locomotion?
Which structure do prokaryotes often have that helps with locomotion?
What is the function of the cell wall in prokaryotic cells?
What is the function of the cell wall in prokaryotic cells?
Which feature distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?
Which feature distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?
Which component in prokaryotic cells is primarily responsible for attaching to surfaces?
Which component in prokaryotic cells is primarily responsible for attaching to surfaces?
During conjugation, which structure in prokaryotic cells is used for genetic material exchange?
During conjugation, which structure in prokaryotic cells is used for genetic material exchange?
What is the primary location of prokaryotic DNA?
What is the primary location of prokaryotic DNA?
Which component is NOT typically found in all prokaryotic cells?
Which component is NOT typically found in all prokaryotic cells?
What role do flagella play in prokaryotic cells?
What role do flagella play in prokaryotic cells?
What is the composition of the cytoplasm in prokaryotic cells?
What is the composition of the cytoplasm in prokaryotic cells?
Which of the following structures aids in a prokaryotic cell's ability to attach to host cells?
Which of the following structures aids in a prokaryotic cell's ability to attach to host cells?
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Study Notes
Common Components of All Cells
- Plasma membrane separates the cell's interior from its surroundings.
- Cytoplasm includes jelly-like cytosol containing various cellular components.
- DNA serves as the genetic material of the cell.
- Ribosomes are responsible for synthesizing proteins.
Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
- Prokaryotes are primarily unicellular organisms lacking a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.
- Prokaryotic DNA is located in the nucleoid, the central region of the cell.
Structure of Prokaryotic Cells
- All prokaryotes possess chromosomal DNA in the nucleoid, ribosomes, a cell membrane, and a cell wall.
- Most have a peptidoglycan cell wall providing protection, shape maintenance, and hydration prevention.
- Many prokaryotes feature a polysaccharide capsule that aids in surface attachment.
Specialized Structures
- Flagella are present in some prokaryotes and facilitate locomotion.
- Pili are involved in genetic material exchange during conjugation, a direct contact process between bacteria.
- Fimbriae assist in adhesion to host cells.
Common Components of All Cells
- Plasma membrane separates the cell's interior from its surroundings.
- Cytoplasm includes jelly-like cytosol containing various cellular components.
- DNA serves as the genetic material of the cell.
- Ribosomes are responsible for synthesizing proteins.
Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
- Prokaryotes are primarily unicellular organisms lacking a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.
- Prokaryotic DNA is located in the nucleoid, the central region of the cell.
Structure of Prokaryotic Cells
- All prokaryotes possess chromosomal DNA in the nucleoid, ribosomes, a cell membrane, and a cell wall.
- Most have a peptidoglycan cell wall providing protection, shape maintenance, and hydration prevention.
- Many prokaryotes feature a polysaccharide capsule that aids in surface attachment.
Specialized Structures
- Flagella are present in some prokaryotes and facilitate locomotion.
- Pili are involved in genetic material exchange during conjugation, a direct contact process between bacteria.
- Fimbriae assist in adhesion to host cells.
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