Complications of Hysterosalpingography Procedures
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary indication for retrograde pyeloureterography and hysterosalpingography?

  • To prepare for surgery
  • To diagnose acute urinary tract infections
  • To catheterize the ureter
  • To demonstrate pelvicalyceal system abnormalities (correct)

What are the contraindications for retrograde pyeloureterography and hysterosalpingography?

  • Acute urinary tract infection (correct)
  • Chronic kidney disease
  • Urinary stones
  • Prostate enlargement

How is contrast medium injected during retrograde pyeloureterography and hysterosalpingography?

  • Intramuscularly
  • Orally
  • Intravenously
  • Via a ureteric catheter under fluoroscopic control (correct)

What type of recording is recommended during retrograde pyeloureterography and hysterosalpingography?

<p>Soft copy recording ideally to PACS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much contrast medium is typically used to fill the pelvis during the procedure?

<p>3-5 mL (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common complication associated with percutaneous renal cyst puncture and biopsy?

<p>Pyelosinus extravasation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is it preferable to mark the optimum site for puncture during renal biopsy?

<p>After opacifying the kidneys with contrast (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a relative contraindication for hysterosalpingography?

<p>Pelvic inflammatory disease in the past year (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which contrast medium is commonly used for hysterosalpingography?

<p>Low osmolar iodinated contrast material (LOCM) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should air bubbles be managed during hysterosalpingography to prevent confusion in interpretation?

<p>Expel all air bubbles from the syringe and catheter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can help relieve spasm of the uterine cornu during contrast medium injection?

<p>Intravenous Buscopan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When might a patient experience vasovagal syncope known as 'cervical shock' during a hysterosalpingography procedure?

<p>During insertion of the cannula (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may result from intravasation of contrast medium into the venous system during a hysterosalpingography?

<p>Formation of a lace-like pattern within the uterine wall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an indication for percutaneous antegrade pyelography and nephrostomy procedures?

<p>Renal tract obstruction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What position should a patient be in for a percutaneous antegrade pyelography procedure?

<p>Prone oblique position with a foam pad under the abdomen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using contrast injection in percutaneous nephrolithotomy procedures?

<p>To confirm successful siting of the needle and to demonstrate the pelvicalyceal system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system involves a direct puncture of the collecting system with the drainage catheter already assembled over a trocar?

<p>Trochar-cannula system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What imaging technique is used usually following the placement of a nephrostomy catheter?

<p>Antegrade pyelography (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a contraindication for percutaneous nephrolithotomy?

<p>Uncontrolled bleeding diathesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of semierect films in postnephrostomy studies?

<p>To show the relationship between calculi and calyces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method can be used for demonstration and distension of the collecting system during bladder catheterization?

<p>Retrograde ureteric catheterization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which equipment is NOT mentioned in the text as being used for renal arteriography?

<p>Angioplasty balloon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where should special care be taken while puncturing the collecting system to avoid perforating the diaphragm and pleura?

<p>Above the twelfth rib (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended for removal of calculi larger than 1 cm during bladder catheterization procedures?

<p>Disintegrating using an ultrasonic or electrohydraulic disintegrator (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should a plain radiograph of the renal area be done following a bladder catheterization procedure?

<p>24 hours after the procedure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of hysterosalpingography?

<p>To confirm obstruction after tubal surgery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should patient appointments for hysterosalpingography be scheduled for a patient with a regular 28-day cycle?

<p>Between the 4th and 10th days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of using Buscopan or glucagon during hysterosalpingography?

<p>To relieve spasm of the uterine cornu (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication related to the contrast medium used in hysterosalpingography?

<p>Allergic phenomena if contrast medium enters circulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should images from a hysterosalpingography mainly demonstrate regarding the tubes?

<p>Demonstrate spill and show the extent and level of block if occluded (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may be a potential consequence of intravasation of contrast medium during hysterosalpingography?

<p>Fine lace-like pattern within the uterine wall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for recommending a full bladder during a transabdominal ultrasound scan of the female reproductive system?

<p>To enable better visualization of pelvic masses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which contrast medium was specifically used for assessing tubal patency in the past but is no longer available for clinical use?

<p>Galactose monosaccharide microparticles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of imaging technique is generally considered of little clinical value in gynecology despite its widespread availability?

<p>3D ultrasound (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ultrasound examination is considered the most reliable and safe investigation for assessing tubal patency currently?

<p>Hysterosalpingography with fluoroscopy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technique is recommended for performing scrotal ultrasound to assess varicocele?

<p>Patient standing upright (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In CT staging of gynaecological malignancies, which phase is the abdomen and pelvis usually imaged in?

<p>Portal venous phase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main use of MRI in endometrial and cervical cancer staging?

<p>Local staging (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using multiparametric imaging in gynaecological malignancies?

<p>Improved diagnostic interpretation accuracy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can artifacts from small-bowel peristalsis be minimized during pelvic imaging?

<p>Administration of Buscopan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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