Complications of Hysterosalpingography Procedures

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What is the primary indication for retrograde pyeloureterography and hysterosalpingography?

To prepare for surgery

To diagnose acute urinary tract infections

To catheterize the ureter

To demonstrate pelvicalyceal system abnormalities (correct)

What are the contraindications for retrograde pyeloureterography and hysterosalpingography?

Acute urinary tract infection (correct)

Chronic kidney disease

Urinary stones

Prostate enlargement

How is contrast medium injected during retrograde pyeloureterography and hysterosalpingography?

Intramuscularly

Orally

Intravenously

Via a ureteric catheter under fluoroscopic control (correct)

What type of recording is recommended during retrograde pyeloureterography and hysterosalpingography?

Soft copy recording ideally to PACS Signup and view all the answers

How much contrast medium is typically used to fill the pelvis during the procedure?

3-5 mL Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common complication associated with percutaneous renal cyst puncture and biopsy?

Pyelosinus extravasation Signup and view all the answers

When is it preferable to mark the optimum site for puncture during renal biopsy?

After opacifying the kidneys with contrast Signup and view all the answers

What is a relative contraindication for hysterosalpingography?

Pelvic inflammatory disease in the past year Signup and view all the answers

Which contrast medium is commonly used for hysterosalpingography?

Low osmolar iodinated contrast material (LOCM) Signup and view all the answers

How should air bubbles be managed during hysterosalpingography to prevent confusion in interpretation?

Expel all air bubbles from the syringe and catheter Signup and view all the answers

What can help relieve spasm of the uterine cornu during contrast medium injection?

Intravenous Buscopan Signup and view all the answers

When might a patient experience vasovagal syncope known as 'cervical shock' during a hysterosalpingography procedure?

During insertion of the cannula Signup and view all the answers

What may result from intravasation of contrast medium into the venous system during a hysterosalpingography?

Formation of a lace-like pattern within the uterine wall Signup and view all the answers

What is an indication for percutaneous antegrade pyelography and nephrostomy procedures?

Renal tract obstruction Signup and view all the answers

What position should a patient be in for a percutaneous antegrade pyelography procedure?

Prone oblique position with a foam pad under the abdomen Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using contrast injection in percutaneous nephrolithotomy procedures?

To confirm successful siting of the needle and to demonstrate the pelvicalyceal system Signup and view all the answers

Which system involves a direct puncture of the collecting system with the drainage catheter already assembled over a trocar?

Trochar-cannula system Signup and view all the answers

What imaging technique is used usually following the placement of a nephrostomy catheter?

Antegrade pyelography Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a contraindication for percutaneous nephrolithotomy?

Uncontrolled bleeding diathesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of semierect films in postnephrostomy studies?

To show the relationship between calculi and calyces Signup and view all the answers

What method can be used for demonstration and distension of the collecting system during bladder catheterization?

Retrograde ureteric catheterization Signup and view all the answers

Which equipment is NOT mentioned in the text as being used for renal arteriography?

Angioplasty balloon Signup and view all the answers

Where should special care be taken while puncturing the collecting system to avoid perforating the diaphragm and pleura?

Above the twelfth rib Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended for removal of calculi larger than 1 cm during bladder catheterization procedures?

Disintegrating using an ultrasonic or electrohydraulic disintegrator Signup and view all the answers

When should a plain radiograph of the renal area be done following a bladder catheterization procedure?

24 hours after the procedure Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of hysterosalpingography?

To confirm obstruction after tubal surgery Signup and view all the answers

When should patient appointments for hysterosalpingography be scheduled for a patient with a regular 28-day cycle?

Between the 4th and 10th days Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of using Buscopan or glucagon during hysterosalpingography?

To relieve spasm of the uterine cornu Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication related to the contrast medium used in hysterosalpingography?

Allergic phenomena if contrast medium enters circulation Signup and view all the answers

What should images from a hysterosalpingography mainly demonstrate regarding the tubes?

Demonstrate spill and show the extent and level of block if occluded Signup and view all the answers

What may be a potential consequence of intravasation of contrast medium during hysterosalpingography?

Fine lace-like pattern within the uterine wall Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for recommending a full bladder during a transabdominal ultrasound scan of the female reproductive system?

To enable better visualization of pelvic masses Signup and view all the answers

Which contrast medium was specifically used for assessing tubal patency in the past but is no longer available for clinical use?

Galactose monosaccharide microparticles Signup and view all the answers

What type of imaging technique is generally considered of little clinical value in gynecology despite its widespread availability?

3D ultrasound Signup and view all the answers

Which ultrasound examination is considered the most reliable and safe investigation for assessing tubal patency currently?

Hysterosalpingography with fluoroscopy Signup and view all the answers

What technique is recommended for performing scrotal ultrasound to assess varicocele?

Patient standing upright Signup and view all the answers

In CT staging of gynaecological malignancies, which phase is the abdomen and pelvis usually imaged in?

Portal venous phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the main use of MRI in endometrial and cervical cancer staging?

Local staging Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using multiparametric imaging in gynaecological malignancies?

Improved diagnostic interpretation accuracy Signup and view all the answers

How can artifacts from small-bowel peristalsis be minimized during pelvic imaging?

Administration of Buscopan Signup and view all the answers