Complications of Diabetes: Hyperglycemia Causes

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What are the two key metabolic defects contributing to insulin resistance mentioned in the text?

Results from an auto-immune attack on beta cells

Failure of B-cells to continue to increase insulin secretion (correct)

Stems from too much insulin secretion

Is caused by insulin resistance of tissues

Which type of diabetes mellitus can be entirely attributed to genetics according to the text?

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Type 1 Diabetes

Gestational diabetes

Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) (correct)

What is a characteristic difference between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes concerning weight?

Type 1 is usually underweight while Type 2 is usually overweight (correct)

Both Type 1 and Type 2 are usually underweight

Both Type 1 and Type 2 are usually overweight

Type 1 is usually overweight while Type 2 is usually underweight

Which statement is true regarding the pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?

It is caused by insulin resistance of tissues Signup and view all the answers

What are some common treatment modalities for Diabetes Type 2 according to the text?

Diet, exercise, progressing to tablets, then insulin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for Type 2 Diabetes?

Excessive insulin production Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of diagnosed cases does Type 2 Diabetes make up according to the text?

80% Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by a gradual onset of symptoms?

Type 2 Diabetes Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of individuals with Type 1 Diabetes who have a genetic predisposition?

80% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about Type 1 Diabetes?

It involves autoimmune destruction of beta cells Signup and view all the answers

In Type 2 Diabetes, what happens to most individuals regarding insulin production?

They produce enough insulin but the body doesn't respond properly to it Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference in the onset of symptoms between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes?

Type 2 has a gradual onset, while Type 1 has a sudden onset Signup and view all the answers

In the pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes, what role do genetic loci play according to genome-wide association studies?

>260 genetic loci are associated with Type 2 Diabetes Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate concordance rate for Type 2 Diabetes in monozygotic twins?

~40% Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diabetes requires insulin injections for life?

Type 1 Diabetes Signup and view all the answers

Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) differs from Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in that it is:

Inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern Signup and view all the answers

Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) demonstrates a strong family history of diabetes because:

There is a vertical transmission through multiple generations Signup and view all the answers