13 Questions
What is the role of the 3'OH group in RNA synthesis by RNA polymerase?
It acts as a nucleophile attacking the alpha phosphorous of the incoming NTP.
How does the initiation of RNA synthesis by RNA polymerase differ from DNA polymerase?
RNA polymerase requires a primer to start synthesis, while DNA polymerase does not.
What structural feature of RNA polymerase's active site allows for the correct positioning of the 3'OH group during RNA synthesis?
Interaction with divalent metals that coordinate with the phosphates in the NTP
What is the main difference between DNA and RNA polymerases?
DNA polymerase has proofreading ability, while RNA polymerase does not.
What occurs at the active site of RNA polymerase during elongation?
Nucleoside triphosphates are added to the growing RNA chain.
Which statement describes the action of RNA polymerase during termination?
It recognizes a termination signal and dissociates from the DNA.
In terms of fidelity during synthesis, why are DNA polymerases considered more accurate than RNA polymerases?
DNA polymerases incorporate fewer incorrect nucleotides into the growing strand.
What is the role of 3'OH in both RNA and DNA polymerases?
Acts as a nucleophile
Why does RNA polymerase have no need for a primer during synthesis?
Denovo synthesis
What is the primary reason for DNA polymerase to have a separate site with exonuclease activity?
Provides correction of incorrectly added bases
Which enzyme requires NTPs such as ATP, GTP, CTP, and UTP for synthesis?
RNA Polymerase
In what way are DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase structurally different despite their similar active sites?
RNA Polymerase gives rise to a 5'pppXYZ~ product
What evolutionary concept is consistent with the similarities in the active sites of RNA and DNA polymerases?
Convergent evolution
Explore the similarities and differences between RNA polymerase and DNA polymerase, including their active sites and mechanisms. Learn how these enzymes function with different templates and nucleotides.
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