Comparison of Boys and Girls Heights at Age 16
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Questions and Answers

What is necessary to calculate standard error of the mean?

  • Population standard deviation (correct)
  • T-score
  • Sample size
  • Sample variance

    • Which of the following is used to estimate the standard error of the mean?

  • Effect size
  • Sample variance
  • Null hypothesis
  • T-critical value (correct)

    • What role does the sample size play in calculating sampling error?

  • Estimating the standard deviation
  • Affecting the precision of the estimate (correct)
  • Calculating the t-score
  • Determining the hypothesis

    • In hypothesis testing, what is a common outcome when the null hypothesis is rejected?

    <p>There is likely a treatment effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does finding t-critical value involve in hypothesis testing?

    <p>Setting a criterion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the estimation of effect size relate to hypothesis testing?

    <p>Measuring how big a difference exists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard deviation of the sample data?

    <p>9.84</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the sample sum of squares?

    <p>s² = Σ(X²) - (ΣX)² / n</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'df' represent in the context of the sample data?

    <p>Degrees of freedom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is used to calculate the standard error of the mean?

    <p>$\frac{s}{\sqrt{n}}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In hypothesis testing, what does 'p M' refer to?

    <p>Population mean value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of calculating the sample variance in statistical analysis?

    <p>To measure the spread or variability in a sample</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the calculated $Z$ value of 4.56 indicate?

    <p>The boys' sample mean is more than 1.96 standard deviations above the girls' mean.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In hypothesis testing, what does it mean to reject the null hypothesis?

    <p>Concluding that there is enough evidence to support the alternative hypothesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Cohen's d value of 1.44 suggest about the heights of boys compared to girls at age 16?

    <p>Boys are taller than girls by 1.44 times the standard deviation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When the population standard deviation is unknown, what must be used as an estimate in statistical calculations?

    <p>The sample standard deviation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information is lost when transitioning from knowing both population mean and standard deviation to knowing only the population mean?

    <p>The population variability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a $Z_{crit}$ value of -1.96 represent in hypothesis testing?

    <p>$\alpha = 0.025$ level of significance</p> Signup and view all the answers

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