18 Questions
What is the function of a bacterial capsule?
Protects against phagocytosis
What is the composition of a typical bacterial cell wall?
Polysaccharides N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) and N-acetylglucosamine (NAG)
Which structure in bacteria is responsible for adhesion to surfaces and transfer of genetic material during conjugation?
Pilus/fimbria
What is the function of lipoteichoic acid in bacterial cytoplasmic membrane?
Induces TNF-α & IL-1
What characteristic distinguishes viruses from other microorganisms?
Composition of cells
Which bacterial structure is essential for motility?
Flagellum
Which type of cell wall component is characteristic of fungi?
Chitin
What is the primary function of ergosterol in fungal cells?
Cell membrane structure
Among the listed pathogens, which one is an example of a protozoan parasite?
Toxoplasma
What is the primary route of infection for helminths like tapeworms?
Ingestion
Which statement accurately describes viruses?
Require host cell machinery to replicate
Which bacterial protein prevents opsonization and phagocytosis by binding to the Fc region of IgG?
Protein A
What is the fate of host cells following viral infection?
Rapid lysis & release of viral particles
Which type of infections occur more frequently and severely in immunocompromised patients?
Opportunistic infections
Which enzyme cleaves IgA, allowing bacteria to adhere to and colonize mucous membranes?
IgA protease
Which bacterial protein expressed by group A streptococci may lead to tissue damage through molecular mimicry with human cardiac myosin?
M protein
What type of toxins can bacteria produce that contribute to the classification of infections as pyogenic?
Exotoxins
At what temperature are most bacteria destroyed rapidly, except for specific toxins like staphylococcal enterotoxin and E coli heat-stable toxin?
60°C for 1 hour
Learn about the differences between ribosome sizes, presence of introns, cell structures, and genetic makeup in prokaryotes (e.g. bacteria) and fungi (e.g. molds, yeasts). Explore differences such as absence of nucleus in prokaryotes and the presence of chitin in fungi cell walls.
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