Comorbidity of Medical and Psychiatric Disorders
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal when discontinuing antidepressant medication?

  • To rapidly stop the medication to avoid side effects
  • To prevent discontinuation symptoms from occurring
  • To taper the dose slowly over a period of weeks or months (correct)
  • To abruptly discontinue the medication once the patient feels better

Which of the following is a potential discontinuation symptom when stopping antidepressant medication?

  • Weight gain
  • Dry mouth
  • Diarrhea (correct)
  • Constipation

What is the recommended approach when discontinuation symptoms occur during tapering?

  • Immediately stop the medication to avoid further symptoms
  • Ignore the symptoms, as they are typically mild and will resolve on their own
  • Switch to a different antidepressant medication
  • Increase the dose slightly to stop the symptoms, then taper more slowly (correct)

When starting a new antidepressant while discontinuing an initial medication, what should be monitored for?

<p>Signs and symptoms of serotonin syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended time frame for not starting a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) after stopping another antidepressant?

<p>14 days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the primary care nurse practitioner in managing patients with mental health concerns?

<p>To screen, assess, and provide overall health care, identifying comorbidities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of comorbidity between anxiety and depressive disorders with chronic medical diseases?

<p>Decreased quality of life (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the early mortality of individuals with mental illnesses like depression and anxiety?

<p>Nicotine and substance use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the treatment of depression and anxiety, what influences the choice of medication for a patient?

<p>Severity of the patient's symptoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended approach when liver or kidney function is compromised in a patient with depression or anxiety?

<p>Slower titration and lower doses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should primary care providers prioritize early assessment and treatment of mental health symptoms in patients?

<p>To improve overall physical health (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for recognizing the importance of treating depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with chronic illnesses?

<p>To improve general health state (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended screening tool for detecting generalized anxiety disorder and social or school phobias in children aged 8-11?

<p>Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Disorders (SCARED) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), what is the recommendation for routine screening for depression in children aged 7-11?

<p>There is insufficient evidence to support routine screening (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which SSRI has FDA approval for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in children aged 7 and older?

<p>Fluoxetine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended starting dosage of SSRIs for children and adolescents, compared to the typical starting dosage for adults?

<p>Half of the typical adult dosage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of SSRIs in children and adolescents?

<p>Patients should be monitored for worsening depression and suicidal thoughts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the treatment of older adults with anxiety and depression?

<p>Medication dosages should be started low and increased slowly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria, what is the caution regarding the use of benzodiazepines in older adults?

<p>Benzodiazepines may increase the risk of delirium, cognitive impairment, and falls (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of antidepressants in pregnant women?

<p>There is evidence of mild congenital abnormalities and an increased risk of low birth weight and premature delivery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of clomipramine for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children?

<p>Clomipramine is rarely used in children primarily due to the severity of adverse effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Guidelines for Adolescent Depression in Primary Care (GLAD-PC), what is recommended for the management of depression in children and adolescents aged 10-21 in primary care settings?

<p>Providing clinical guidelines, information, recommendations, education resources, and tools (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common symptom of postpartum depression (PPD) that is often referred to as the 'baby blues'?

<p>Crying (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what is the recommended screening tool for assessing depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period?

<p>Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key benefit of taking antidepressants during the postpartum period for a woman with a prior history of postpartum depression?

<p>It reduces the risk of recurrence of depressive symptoms by 6.7%. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what is the main risk associated with the use of the SSRI paroxetine during the first trimester of pregnancy?

<p>Pulmonary hypertension in newborns (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential negative consequence of untreated postpartum depression?

<p>Increased risk of miscarriage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach for healthcare providers and pregnant women when making decisions about the use of antidepressants during breastfeeding?

<p>Review the latest information on the Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of treatment for anxiety and depressive disorders?

<p>Remission of symptoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for conducting a thorough physical examination and laboratory tests in patients presenting with depressive and anxiety symptoms?

<p>To rule out underlying medical conditions that can cause similar symptoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what is the main risk associated with the use of antidepressants during the first trimester of pregnancy?

<p>Cardiac malformations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach for healthcare providers when screening for depression in pregnant and postpartum patients?

<p>Screen routinely before, during, and after pregnancy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the psychological symptoms that can be treated with psychotherapy?

<p>Low self-esteem (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary care provider (PCP) recommended to do in the same appointment when treating a patient with depression and anxiety?

<p>Prescribe medications and discuss psychotherapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the PCP do if the patient has not followed up on the referral to a mental health provider or if the therapist does not fit the needs of the patient?

<p>Refer the patient to a different mental health provider (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for the PCP to have a list of therapists of both genders when recommending therapy?

<p>To accommodate the patient's preference for a therapist of a specific gender (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What information about the therapists should the PCP provide to the patient when making a referral?

<p>The therapists' characteristics, counseling styles, and areas of focus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the PCP asking the patient to sign a release of information for the therapist?

<p>To improve communication between the therapist and the health-care provider (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the greatest rewards for the PCP when treating a patient with depression or anxiety?

<p>Seeing and hearing from the patient and/or caregivers about overall improvements the patient has made (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the PRESCRIBING PEARL guidelines mentioned in the text?

<p>To provide general recommendations for the treatment and monitoring of patients with anxiety and depression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the PRESCRIBING PEARL guidelines, what should a PCP always do when assessing a patient for depression?

<p>Ask about suicidal ideation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach when initiating treatment with an SNRI (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor) for a patient with anxiety and/or depression?

<p>Start with a low dose and titrate up slowly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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