Community Medicine Lecture 5&6: Demography

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Questions and Answers

What is the etymology of the word 'demography'?

From Greek 'demos' and Latin 'descriptio'

From Latin 'demos' and Greek 'graphein'

From Old English 'deme' and Latin 'graphicus'

From Ancient Greek 'dēmos' and 'graphō' (correct)

Who is regarded as the founder of demography?

Noha Bakr

Noha M Abu bakr

John Graphō

John Graunt (correct)

What does demography examine?

Size, structure, and movements of populations (correct)

Health, education, and national security

Health, environment, and economy

Culture, economy, and society

What did John Graunt develop that provided a framework for modern demography?

Early human statistical and census methods Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of demography?

Studying population changes due to births, deaths, and migration Signup and view all the answers

Why is demography useful for governments and private businesses?

For analyzing and predicting social, cultural, and economic trends related to population Signup and view all the answers

What does demography study?

Changes in human population size, composition, and distribution Signup and view all the answers

Which equation do demographers use to summarize population change?

$Pop2 = Pop1 + B - D + IM - OM$ Signup and view all the answers

What does fecundity refer to?

The potential or the biological possibility of producing births Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT affect fertility?

Race/Ethnicity Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between fertility and reproduction?

Fertility refers to the number of births, while reproduction refers to the potential to have children Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'at-risk population' refer to in relation to fertility?

Only a certain subset of the population that is capable of having children Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum fecundity believed for a population?

$15 children$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the Crude Birth Rate (CBR) formula?

$CBR = liveirths ext{ }in ext{ }a ext{ }year/mid-year ext{ }population*k$ Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'Demographic Balancing Equation' summarize?

$Pop2 = Pop1 + B - D + IM - OM$ summarizes births, deaths, and migration for population change Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Etymology of Demography

The word "demography" is derived from the Greek words "demos" (people) and "graphein" (to write or describe).

Founder of Demography

John Graunt is regarded as the founder of demography.

Demography's Focus

Demography examines the size, structure, and distribution of populations.

John Graunt's Contribution

John Graunt developed the first "Bills of Mortality" in London during the 17th century.
These bills presented systematic data on births, deaths, and causes of death.
This provided a framework for modern demography.

Main Focus of Demography

The main focus of demography is to understand population change over time.

Relevance of Demography

Demography is useful for governments and private businesses because it provides insights into population trends.
This helps to inform policy decisions, resource allocation, and market planning.

Demography's Study

Demography studies population characteristics such as:
- Age
- Sex
- Race
- Ethnicity
- Education
- Income
- Marital status
- Occupation
- Migration patterns

Population Change Equation

Demographers use the following equation to summarize population change:
- Population (at time 2) = Population (at time 1) + Births - Deaths + In-migration - Out-migration

Fecundity

Fecundity refers to the biological capacity of a population to reproduce.

Factors Affecting Fertility

Factors affecting fertility include:
- Age
- Health
- Nutrition
- Contraception
- Social and economic conditions (NOT: gender)

Fertility vs Reproduction

The main difference between fertility and reproduction is that:
- Fertility refers to the actual number of births in a population.
- Reproduction refers to the biological process of producing offspring.

At-Risk Population

The "at-risk population" refers to the number of women of reproductive age in a population.

Maximum Fecundity

The maximum fecundity believed for a population is around 1% per year.

Crude Birth Rate (CBR) Formula

The formula for Crude Birth Rate (CBR) is:
- (Number of births in a year / Mid-year population of the year) * 1000

Demographic Balancing Equation

The 'Demographic Balancing Equation' summarizes the components of population change as follows:
- Population (at time 2) = Population (at time 1) + (Births - Deaths) + (In-migration - Out-migration)

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Description

This quiz covers the definition of demography, components of population change including fertility, mortality, and migration, population estimates and projections, and the etymology of demography. Test your understanding of the statistical study of populations with this quiz.

Community Medicine Lecture 5&amp;6: Demography

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