Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the first step in understanding a community's health status according to community health nursing?
What is the first step in understanding a community's health status according to community health nursing?
Which method is NOT considered a primary data collection tool in community health assessment?
Which method is NOT considered a primary data collection tool in community health assessment?
What type of observation involves sharing in the life of the community?
What type of observation involves sharing in the life of the community?
What is the primary purpose of conducting surveys in community health assessments?
What is the primary purpose of conducting surveys in community health assessments?
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Which participant category is considered a key informant in informant interviews?
Which participant category is considered a key informant in informant interviews?
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When is purposive sampling most indicated in community health assessments?
When is purposive sampling most indicated in community health assessments?
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What is a significant benefit of involving community members during surveys?
What is a significant benefit of involving community members during surveys?
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Which aspect is NOT typically observed during a community observation?
Which aspect is NOT typically observed during a community observation?
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What is the primary purpose of the Monthly Summary of Morbidity/Diseases?
What is the primary purpose of the Monthly Summary of Morbidity/Diseases?
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Who prepares the Monthly Consolidation Table (MCT)?
Who prepares the Monthly Consolidation Table (MCT)?
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What does the Morbidity Report (M2) include?
What does the Morbidity Report (M2) include?
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Which form is prepared annually by the Nurse and contains demographic and environmental data?
Which form is prepared annually by the Nurse and contains demographic and environmental data?
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What does the Quarterly Form (Q1) report include?
What does the Quarterly Form (Q1) report include?
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What role does the Public Health System play in the census process?
What role does the Public Health System play in the census process?
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Which of the following reports is specifically prepared by the midwife?
Which of the following reports is specifically prepared by the midwife?
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What type of data is collected through the Disease Registries?
What type of data is collected through the Disease Registries?
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What is one primary purpose of presenting community data?
What is one primary purpose of presenting community data?
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Which of the following is NOT a method used to present community data?
Which of the following is NOT a method used to present community data?
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What type of graph is best suited to illustrate trends in data over time?
What type of graph is best suited to illustrate trends in data over time?
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A pie chart is most effective for displaying data with:
A pie chart is most effective for displaying data with:
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What aspect do scatter plots primarily illustrate?
What aspect do scatter plots primarily illustrate?
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Which graph type is useful for comparing values across different categories of data?
Which graph type is useful for comparing values across different categories of data?
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Why is it important to validate findings when presenting community data?
Why is it important to validate findings when presenting community data?
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Which of the following is a limit of pie charts in presenting data?
Which of the following is a limit of pie charts in presenting data?
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What is the primary purpose of the Health Records and Reports system?
What is the primary purpose of the Health Records and Reports system?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of the Field Health Service Information System (FHSIS)?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the Field Health Service Information System (FHSIS)?
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What does the Target Client List (TCL) serve to facilitate?
What does the Target Client List (TCL) serve to facilitate?
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Which group typically participates in a Focus Group Discussion (FGD)?
Which group typically participates in a Focus Group Discussion (FGD)?
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What type of data is collected in the Registry of Vital Events?
What type of data is collected in the Registry of Vital Events?
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What is the function of the Summary Table in health records?
What is the function of the Summary Table in health records?
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Which of the following is maintained in Rural Health Units (RHUs)?
Which of the following is maintained in Rural Health Units (RHUs)?
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What is the main function of the Field Health Service Information System (FHSIS)?
What is the main function of the Field Health Service Information System (FHSIS)?
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Study Notes
Community Health Nursing Process
- Community health nursing involves understanding community characteristics to assess health needs.
- Community health nurses (CHNs) need to know defining characteristics of the community to have a clear picture.
- CHNs need to understand aspects influencing community health status.
- Community characteristics guide program planning and health care delivery.
Community Health Assessment Tools
Collecting Primary Data
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Observation (Windshield Survey): Observe people (vulnerable groups), environmental conditions, and community resources.
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Examples of observation: terrain, housing density, cleanliness, vegetation, street animals, health facilities, other community subsystems.
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Participant Observation: Observe formal and informal community activities to understand values, beliefs, norms, priorities, and power structures.
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Formal Examples: Community assemblies, schools, church meetings
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Informal Examples: Community gatherings, sari-sari stores, water wells, plazas, recreational facilities
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Survey: Systematic collection of information, using written or oral questions for families, individuals, or communities.
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Surveys are ideal for comprehensive problem assessments.
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Purposive sampling: Useful for assessing specific populations susceptible to a particular problem.
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Surveys help determine community attitudes, knowledge, health behaviors, and perceptions of health services.
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Surveys make community members aware of their problems.
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Informant Interview: Purposeful talks with key informants (formal and informal) or community leaders.
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Community Forum: Open meeting for members of the community (e.g., barangay meetings).
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Focus Group Discussion (FGD): Small group of 6-12 participants with similar characteristics (e.g., first-time mothers).
Collecting Secondary Data
- Registry of Vital Events: Records of births, marriages, and deaths (NSO/PSA).
- Local Civil Registrar: Records of births, marriages, and deaths, at the local level.
- Health Records and Reports: Information System of DOH (FHSIS) used to generate health statistics.
- Health Status: Health records are crucial for assessing health status at various levels (barangay to national). It is the basis for priority setting and planning.
- Disease Registries: DOH registries for communicable and chronic diseases (e.g., HIV/AIDS, COPD).
- Census Data: Periodic population enumerations conducted by the government (Batas Pambansa Blg. 12).
- Philippine Statistical System (PSS): Provides statistical information and services to the public. This includes population, employment, prices, family income & expenditures data and accessible through the NSO website
FHSIS (Field Health Service Information System)
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Components: Composed of recording and reporting tools. Facility-based records kept at Basic Health Stations or Rural Health Units; contain daily activities of health workers and services;
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Record-based reports: Summaries are transmitted monthly, quarterly, or annually. From BHS to RHU to Provincial Health Office to Regional Health Office.
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Manual of Operations: Lists recording tools (Individual Treatment Record (ITR), Target Client List (TCL))
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TCLs (Target Client Lists): Maintained at health centers and RHU's including Prenatal Care, Postpartum Care, Under 1 year old children, Family Planning, Sick Children, Tuberculosis, and Leprosy data records.
Presenting Community Data
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Presentation Methods:
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Data can be presented through texts, tables, pictorial formats (maps, graphs), and numerical data (tables, graphs, charts)
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Goals:
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To inform health teams and community members about health problems in a clear manner.
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Educate community members about the importance of the health information.
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Encourage broader support and participation in the community health process.
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Provide a basis for better decision-making.
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Graphs & Uses:
- Bar Graph: For comparing values across different categories of data (e.g., population pyramid).
- Line Graph: To show trends in data over time (e.g., total fertility rate).
- Pie Chart: To show the percentage distribution of a variable (e.g., population).
- Scatter Plot: To show correlation between two variables (e.g., BMI and waist circumference).
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Summary Table: Recorded by midwives, with 12 columns corresponding to the 12 months. It includes Health Program Accomplishments, a tool for assessment and monitoring reports and monthly summary of Morbidity and Diseases including source of 10 leading causes for the municipality.
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Monthly Consolidation Table (MCT): Prepared by Nurses to consolidate Summary Table data to create quarterly and annual reports.
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Quarterly Reports:
- Program Report (Q1): Contains 3-month data on indicators for maternal care, child care, family planning, and disease control.
- Morbidity Report (Q2): 3-month consolidation of morbidity reports (M2).
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Annual Reports:
- Includes A-BHS, A-1 reports (completed by nurse, for RHU data on demographics, environmental data, natality and mortality).
- Annual report (A-2, A-3) completed by nurses with morbidity and mortality by age and sex (e.g. deaths/mortality)
Disease Registries
- DOH registries for HIV/AIDS, chronic non-communicable diseases (e.g., cancer, diabetes, COPD), strokes; and the Renal Disease Control Program's Philippine Renal Disease Registry.
Census Data
- Periodic population enumeration conducted by the government (e.g., every 10 years).
- Batas Pambansa Blg. 12 (1980) provides for a national census of population.
- Based on the National Statistical System (PSS), population, employment, prices, and family income and expenditures data, can be found on NSO/PSA website.
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Description
This quiz explores the Community Health Nursing Process, emphasizing the importance of understanding community characteristics for assessing health needs. It covers various assessment tools, including observation techniques and community engagement methods for health program planning and delivery.
