Community Health Nursing Process
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary source of care services in many communities?

  • Governmental organizations
  • Private healthcare providers
  • Religious institutions
  • Families (correct)

What impact does the burden of care primarily falling on women have?

  • Improved health status
  • Enhanced community participation
  • Increased economic opportunities
  • Significant effects on health status (correct)

Which assessment approach is comprehensive in nature?

  • Targeted health impact study
  • Comprehensive needs assessment (correct)
  • Randomized health review
  • Problem-oriented assessment

What is a key benefit of involving local people in action planning?

<p>Greater likelihood of acceptance and implementation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used for collecting primary data through direct observation?

<p>Rapid observation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of a problem-oriented assessment?

<p>Health issues within a specific community (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one possible way to supplement family care in communities?

<p>Government and voluntary systems of care (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a comprehensive needs assessment particularly useful?

<p>It identifies actual and potential health problems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a needs assessment in community health?

<p>To analyze demographic data and community resources (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the health status component in a community health needs assessment?

<p>The health standing indicated by morbidity, mortality, and fertility rates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Health resources in a community include which of the following?

<p>Educational resources and formal health services (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT included in the identification of health factors affecting community health status?

<p>Public transportation systems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primary outcome does a community health needs assessment aim to achieve?

<p>Identify and prioritize health needs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'health action potential' refer to in community health?

<p>The capabilities of the community to implement health interventions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a process involved in health needs assessment?

<p>Systematically collecting information about health needs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do social, economic, and environmental factors play in health status assessment?

<p>They significantly determine the overall health status of a community (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of conducting an informant interview in a community health assessment?

<p>To gain insights from key community leaders or members (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is best suited for understanding community values and norms through direct engagement?

<p>Participant observation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of data does a disease registry typically provide?

<p>A list of persons diagnosed with specific diseases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of a bar graph in presenting community data?

<p>To compare values across different categories (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method involves an open meeting for community members to discuss health-related topics?

<p>Community forum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is census data important in community health assessments?

<p>It offers demographic and population statistics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of presenting community data to its members?

<p>To encourage community engagement and support (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key feature of participant observation?

<p>Engaging in community life and activities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT mentioned as affecting the planning process?

<p>Current community health metrics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one characteristic of planning as described in the content?

<p>Planning is flexible (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the basic questions asked in the planning cycle?

<p>Where do we want to go? (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes health resources problems?

<p>Lack of necessary manpower (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary goal of community health planning?

<p>To improve the present state of affairs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of planning allows it to adapt to new circumstances?

<p>Planning is change-oriented (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category does NOT fall under health-related problems?

<p>Absence of healthcare facilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to assess constraints or limitations in planning?

<p>To avoid setting unrealistic goals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary use of a pie chart in data representation?

<p>To display the percentage distribution of a variable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines a comprehensive community diagnosis?

<p>It gathers broad information about the community as a whole. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of variables does a scatter plot effectively represent?

<p>Correlation between two variables. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which demographic variable is crucial for understanding a community's health?

<p>The educational levels of the community members. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does problem-oriented community diagnosis primarily focus on?

<p>Assessing immediate health care access issues. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key elements analyzed in a comprehensive community diagnosis?

<p>Transportation systems enabling access to health care. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the trend of the total fertility rate in the Philippines address public health?

<p>It may indicate shifts in population health needs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of information does socio-economic and cultural variables encompass in a community diagnosis?

<p>Social and economic conditions affecting health. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity is NOT part of the strategy and activity setting phase in the nursing process?

<p>Supervising program staff (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the program evaluation process?

<p>Deciding what to evaluate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which evaluation approach specifically examines the process of assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation?

<p>Process evaluation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the evaluation phase, what does the nurse primarily assess?

<p>Patient responses and goal attainment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines ongoing evaluation?

<p>Monitoring during implementation to provide feedback (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a component of program implementation?

<p>Designing health program services (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the utility standard of evaluation focus on?

<p>Usefulness of the evaluation results (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT represent an input, process, or output indicator in program evaluation?

<p>Community engagement in health needs assessment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Community Health Needs Assessment (CHNA)

A process to identify, analyze, prioritize, and meet the health needs of a community, considering strengths and resources.

Health Status

A community's general health, measured by illness rates, death rates, and birth rates.

Health Resources

Assets and capabilities within a community to promote health and well-being.

Needs Assessment

Gathering information about a community or group to understand their needs.

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Health Needs Assessment

A systematic process to determine health needs of individuals, families, or populations within a community.

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Formal Services

Organized, established health and support services available in a community.

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Morbidity & Mortality

Rates of illnesses and deaths within a population.

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Health Action Potential

Community's ability to address health issues and implement programs.

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Community Health Assessment

A systematic process to gather information about a community's health needs and challenges.

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Comprehensive Needs Assessment

A detailed assessment of all community aspects to identify potential health problems.

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Problem-Oriented Assessment

Focused assessment targeting a specific health issue within the community.

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Windshield Survey

A quick observation method using a vehicle to visually assess the community.

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Action Planning

Developing steps to address community health issues; often involves many people.

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Collaboration (in health)

Working together with diverse groups (healthcare, community) to address health issues.

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Informal Resources

Non-governmental community support systems, for instance, families, for caregiving and services.

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Burden of Care (on Women)

The significant responsibility women often have for providing care services in the community, which can impact their health.

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Walking Through

A method of community assessment where the nurse interacts with community members to understand their perceptions of health and health services.

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Participant Observation

A method of community assessment where the nurse observes both informal and formal community gatherings, actively participating to gain insights.

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Survey

Used when there is limited information on the community or a specific population group.

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Informant Interview

Focused conversations with individuals who are either key figures or ordinary members of the community, providing insights into local perspectives.

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Community Forum

An open meeting where members of the community come together to discuss issues and concerns.

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Focus Group

A smaller group, typically 6-12 members, assembled to discuss a specific topic, providing deeper insights.

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Bar Graph

Used to visually compare data across different categories, like comparing the number of males and females in different age groups.

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Line Graph

Used to show trends in data over time, like how a disease rate changes over a period of years.

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Planning Process Factors

External influences that impact the development of a health plan, including existing policies, technology, economic resources, conflicts between programs, and diverse stakeholder perspectives.

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Planning

A structured process of creating steps to achieve a desired health outcome by efficiently allocating resources.

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Community Health Problems

Conditions that hinder a community's ability to achieve wellness, categorized as health status, resources, or health-related factors.

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Health Status Problems

Issues related to morbidity, mortality, fertility, or reduced capacity for wellness within a community.

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Health Resources Problems

Lack of personnel, funding, materials, or institutions needed to address health issues in a community.

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Health-Related Problems

Social, economic, environmental, and political factors that worsen health conditions in a community.

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Planning Cycle

Four key questions guiding the planning process: Where are we now? Where do we want to go? How do we get there? How do we know we are there?

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Priority Goals

Key objectives identified in a community health plan, based on available resources and considering potential limitations.

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Pie Chart

A chart that shows the proportion of a whole, represented as slices in a circle. Each slice represents a different category, with the size of the slice proportional to the category's percentage of the whole.

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Scatter Plot

A graph that shows the relationship between two variables by plotting data points. Each data point represents a pair of values, one for each variable.

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Community Diagnosis

The process of gathering data about a community to identify factors influencing health, formulate health diagnoses, and develop interventions.

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Comprehensive Community Diagnosis

A broad assessment gathering general information about a community, including demographics, socio-economic factors, and cultural aspects.

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Problem-Oriented Community Diagnosis

Focuses on a specific health issue or need within a community and gathers data related to that problem.

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Demographic Variables

Characteristics of a population including size, composition, and geographic distribution.

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Social Indicators

Factors reflecting social aspects of a community, like communication, transportation, and education level.

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Economic Indicators

Factors indicating the economic status of a community, such as income levels and poverty rates.

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Strategy Setting

The process of identifying resources and designing actions to achieve goals and objectives.

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Evaluation Plan

A systematic approach to determine the effectiveness of a program or service.

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Budgeting

Allocating financial resources to achieve program goals and objectives.

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Time Plan

A schedule or timeline for implementing program activities.

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Input Indicators

Resources or factors that go into a program.

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Process Evaluation

Assessing how a program is implemented.

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Outcome Evaluation

Evaluating the impact or results of a program.

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Ongoing Evaluation

Continuous monitoring during program implementation to make adjustments and improvements.

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Study Notes

Community Health Nursing Process

  • Needs assessment is a process that reviews demographics, census data, and population surveys/interviews.
  • Health needs assessment is a systematic process for identifying, analyzing, prioritizing, and meeting the health needs of individuals or groups.
  • Community health needs assessment identifies the strengths and resources (citizens, agencies, organizations) of a community to meet needs of children, youth, and families.
  • Provides a framework for developing and identifying risk factors and causes of ill health in a community.
  • A way to use information to plan healthcare and public health programs for the future.

Components of Community Health Needs Assessment

  • Health Status: Population health standing indicated by morbidity, mortality, and fertility rates. Social, economic, and environmental factors (poverty, pollution, racism) affect health status.
  • Health Resources: Assets, strengths, and skills contributing to health and well-being.
    • Formal resources include health services and other sectors with an impact on health (e.g., education, political, religious organizations).
    • Informal resources like families, who provide much care. Often women have a greater burden of care.
  • Health Action Potential: Collaboration with various groups (healthcare professionals, community workers, local people). The active involvement of local community members is crucial in community planning for acceptance and implementation.

Approaches in Conducting Community Assessment

  • Comprehensive needs assessment: Gathering information about the entire community to identify actual and potential health problems. Useful when doing community assessment for the first time. Requires time and effort.
  • Problem-oriented assessment: Focusing on a particular community health problem (e.g., using information about a certain problem to assess a community). Useful when the nurse is familiar with the community.

Tools for Community Assessment

  • Collecting Primary Data
    • Observation: Rapid observation (windshield survey), walking through, participant observation (sharing in life with the community) to understand values, beliefs, norms, priorities, concerns, and power structures.
    • Surveys: Useful when needed information is unavailable.
    • Informant interviews: Talks with key informants (formal or informal community leaders, trusted members)
    • Community forums: Open meetings of community members to discuss issues.
    • Focus group: Small groups (6-12 members) for specific discussions.
  • Collecting Secondary Data: Using existing records and data (Vital Events Registry, Health records/events, Disease registry, Census data).

Graphs for Presenting Community Data

  • Bar graphs: Comparing data across categories (e.g., population pyramids).
  • Line graphs: Trends over time (e.g., fertility rate).
  • Pie charts: Percentage distribution of a variable (e.g., population/households).

Community Diagnosis

  • Identifying factors leading to illnesses and deaths in the community.
  • Formulating community health nursing diagnoses and strategies.
  • Types:
    • Comprehensive community diagnosis: General community information
    • Problem-oriented community diagnosis: Addressing a specific community need.

Elements of a Comprehensive Community Diagnosis

  • Demographic variables (size, composition, geographical distribution)
  • Socio-economic and cultural variables (communication networks, transportation, economic indicators, educational levels, occupations)
  • Environmental indicators (water supply, waste disposal, air/water/land pollution)

Prioritizing Problems

  • Nature of the problem
  • Magnitude (severity/proportion of population affected)
  • Modifiability (probability of reduction, control, or eradication)
  • Preventive potential (probability of reducing effects)
  • Social concern (community's perception and readiness to act)

Planning of Community Health Nursing Services

  • Planning involves identifying community health problems, setting goals and objectives, developing strategies, and identifying resources.
  • Factors affecting planning include existing policies, technology, economic resources, and conflicts between different groups/institutions.
  • Bases for developing community health plans:
    • Health status problems (morbidity, mortality, fertility) and decreased wellness.
    • Health resource problems (lack of resources/manpower, money, materials)
    • Health-related problems (social, economic, environmental, and political factors).

The Planning Cycle

  • Situational analysis: Collecting, synthesizing, analyzing, and interpreting health information to understand the community's situation.
  • Goal and objective setting: Clearly defining the desired outcomes.
  • Strategy and activity setting: Identifying resources, strategies, activities.
  • Evaluation: Determining if the goals/objectives are being achieved and whether programs/services are effective, efficient, and adequate.

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Related Documents

Community Nursing Health Process PDF

Description

This quiz explores the Community Health Nursing Process, focusing on needs assessment and its components. It examines how demographic data and health resource analysis contribute to improving community health outcomes. Additionally, it provides insights on planning healthcare and public health programs.

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