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Questions and Answers
What is the primary source of care services in many communities?
What is the primary source of care services in many communities?
What impact does the burden of care primarily falling on women have?
What impact does the burden of care primarily falling on women have?
Which assessment approach is comprehensive in nature?
Which assessment approach is comprehensive in nature?
What is a key benefit of involving local people in action planning?
What is a key benefit of involving local people in action planning?
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Which method is used for collecting primary data through direct observation?
Which method is used for collecting primary data through direct observation?
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What is the focus of a problem-oriented assessment?
What is the focus of a problem-oriented assessment?
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What is one possible way to supplement family care in communities?
What is one possible way to supplement family care in communities?
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Why is a comprehensive needs assessment particularly useful?
Why is a comprehensive needs assessment particularly useful?
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What is the purpose of a needs assessment in community health?
What is the purpose of a needs assessment in community health?
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Which of the following best describes the health status component in a community health needs assessment?
Which of the following best describes the health status component in a community health needs assessment?
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Health resources in a community include which of the following?
Health resources in a community include which of the following?
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Which factor is NOT included in the identification of health factors affecting community health status?
Which factor is NOT included in the identification of health factors affecting community health status?
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What primary outcome does a community health needs assessment aim to achieve?
What primary outcome does a community health needs assessment aim to achieve?
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What does the term 'health action potential' refer to in community health?
What does the term 'health action potential' refer to in community health?
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Which of the following is a process involved in health needs assessment?
Which of the following is a process involved in health needs assessment?
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What role do social, economic, and environmental factors play in health status assessment?
What role do social, economic, and environmental factors play in health status assessment?
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What is the primary purpose of conducting an informant interview in a community health assessment?
What is the primary purpose of conducting an informant interview in a community health assessment?
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Which method is best suited for understanding community values and norms through direct engagement?
Which method is best suited for understanding community values and norms through direct engagement?
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What type of data does a disease registry typically provide?
What type of data does a disease registry typically provide?
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What is the primary use of a bar graph in presenting community data?
What is the primary use of a bar graph in presenting community data?
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Which method involves an open meeting for community members to discuss health-related topics?
Which method involves an open meeting for community members to discuss health-related topics?
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Why is census data important in community health assessments?
Why is census data important in community health assessments?
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What is the goal of presenting community data to its members?
What is the goal of presenting community data to its members?
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Which of the following is a key feature of participant observation?
Which of the following is a key feature of participant observation?
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Which factor is NOT mentioned as affecting the planning process?
Which factor is NOT mentioned as affecting the planning process?
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What is one characteristic of planning as described in the content?
What is one characteristic of planning as described in the content?
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What is one of the basic questions asked in the planning cycle?
What is one of the basic questions asked in the planning cycle?
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Which of the following best describes health resources problems?
Which of the following best describes health resources problems?
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What is a primary goal of community health planning?
What is a primary goal of community health planning?
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What aspect of planning allows it to adapt to new circumstances?
What aspect of planning allows it to adapt to new circumstances?
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Which category does NOT fall under health-related problems?
Which category does NOT fall under health-related problems?
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Why is it important to assess constraints or limitations in planning?
Why is it important to assess constraints or limitations in planning?
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What is a primary use of a pie chart in data representation?
What is a primary use of a pie chart in data representation?
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Which of the following best defines a comprehensive community diagnosis?
Which of the following best defines a comprehensive community diagnosis?
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What type of variables does a scatter plot effectively represent?
What type of variables does a scatter plot effectively represent?
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Which demographic variable is crucial for understanding a community's health?
Which demographic variable is crucial for understanding a community's health?
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What does problem-oriented community diagnosis primarily focus on?
What does problem-oriented community diagnosis primarily focus on?
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What is one of the key elements analyzed in a comprehensive community diagnosis?
What is one of the key elements analyzed in a comprehensive community diagnosis?
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How does the trend of the total fertility rate in the Philippines address public health?
How does the trend of the total fertility rate in the Philippines address public health?
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What type of information does socio-economic and cultural variables encompass in a community diagnosis?
What type of information does socio-economic and cultural variables encompass in a community diagnosis?
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Which activity is NOT part of the strategy and activity setting phase in the nursing process?
Which activity is NOT part of the strategy and activity setting phase in the nursing process?
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What is the first step in the program evaluation process?
What is the first step in the program evaluation process?
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Which evaluation approach specifically examines the process of assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation?
Which evaluation approach specifically examines the process of assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation?
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During the evaluation phase, what does the nurse primarily assess?
During the evaluation phase, what does the nurse primarily assess?
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Which of the following best defines ongoing evaluation?
Which of the following best defines ongoing evaluation?
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What is NOT a component of program implementation?
What is NOT a component of program implementation?
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What does the utility standard of evaluation focus on?
What does the utility standard of evaluation focus on?
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Which of the following does NOT represent an input, process, or output indicator in program evaluation?
Which of the following does NOT represent an input, process, or output indicator in program evaluation?
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Study Notes
Community Health Nursing Process
- Needs assessment is a process that reviews demographics, census data, and population surveys/interviews.
- Health needs assessment is a systematic process for identifying, analyzing, prioritizing, and meeting the health needs of individuals or groups.
- Community health needs assessment identifies the strengths and resources (citizens, agencies, organizations) of a community to meet needs of children, youth, and families.
- Provides a framework for developing and identifying risk factors and causes of ill health in a community.
- A way to use information to plan healthcare and public health programs for the future.
Components of Community Health Needs Assessment
- Health Status: Population health standing indicated by morbidity, mortality, and fertility rates. Social, economic, and environmental factors (poverty, pollution, racism) affect health status.
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Health Resources: Assets, strengths, and skills contributing to health and well-being.
- Formal resources include health services and other sectors with an impact on health (e.g., education, political, religious organizations).
- Informal resources like families, who provide much care. Often women have a greater burden of care.
- Health Action Potential: Collaboration with various groups (healthcare professionals, community workers, local people). The active involvement of local community members is crucial in community planning for acceptance and implementation.
Approaches in Conducting Community Assessment
- Comprehensive needs assessment: Gathering information about the entire community to identify actual and potential health problems. Useful when doing community assessment for the first time. Requires time and effort.
- Problem-oriented assessment: Focusing on a particular community health problem (e.g., using information about a certain problem to assess a community). Useful when the nurse is familiar with the community.
Tools for Community Assessment
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Collecting Primary Data
- Observation: Rapid observation (windshield survey), walking through, participant observation (sharing in life with the community) to understand values, beliefs, norms, priorities, concerns, and power structures.
- Surveys: Useful when needed information is unavailable.
- Informant interviews: Talks with key informants (formal or informal community leaders, trusted members)
- Community forums: Open meetings of community members to discuss issues.
- Focus group: Small groups (6-12 members) for specific discussions.
- Collecting Secondary Data: Using existing records and data (Vital Events Registry, Health records/events, Disease registry, Census data).
Graphs for Presenting Community Data
- Bar graphs: Comparing data across categories (e.g., population pyramids).
- Line graphs: Trends over time (e.g., fertility rate).
- Pie charts: Percentage distribution of a variable (e.g., population/households).
Community Diagnosis
- Identifying factors leading to illnesses and deaths in the community.
- Formulating community health nursing diagnoses and strategies.
- Types:
- Comprehensive community diagnosis: General community information
- Problem-oriented community diagnosis: Addressing a specific community need.
Elements of a Comprehensive Community Diagnosis
- Demographic variables (size, composition, geographical distribution)
- Socio-economic and cultural variables (communication networks, transportation, economic indicators, educational levels, occupations)
- Environmental indicators (water supply, waste disposal, air/water/land pollution)
Prioritizing Problems
- Nature of the problem
- Magnitude (severity/proportion of population affected)
- Modifiability (probability of reduction, control, or eradication)
- Preventive potential (probability of reducing effects)
- Social concern (community's perception and readiness to act)
Planning of Community Health Nursing Services
- Planning involves identifying community health problems, setting goals and objectives, developing strategies, and identifying resources.
- Factors affecting planning include existing policies, technology, economic resources, and conflicts between different groups/institutions.
- Bases for developing community health plans:
- Health status problems (morbidity, mortality, fertility) and decreased wellness.
- Health resource problems (lack of resources/manpower, money, materials)
- Health-related problems (social, economic, environmental, and political factors).
The Planning Cycle
- Situational analysis: Collecting, synthesizing, analyzing, and interpreting health information to understand the community's situation.
- Goal and objective setting: Clearly defining the desired outcomes.
- Strategy and activity setting: Identifying resources, strategies, activities.
- Evaluation: Determining if the goals/objectives are being achieved and whether programs/services are effective, efficient, and adequate.
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Description
This quiz explores the Community Health Nursing Process, focusing on needs assessment and its components. It examines how demographic data and health resource analysis contribute to improving community health outcomes. Additionally, it provides insights on planning healthcare and public health programs.
