Community Ecology Chapter 4

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Questions and Answers

What happens to the fitness of an individual that is exploited in an exploitation interaction?

It increases

It decreases (correct)

It becomes neutral

It remains the same

What is the result of realized niche being smaller than fundamental niche?

Increased competition (correct)

Decreased competition

Lack of resources

Species extinction

What type of interaction is characterized by killing and consuming other organisms?

Commensalism

Symbiosis

Exploitation (correct)

Mutualism

What is the effect of exploitation on the fitness of the exploiter?

It increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between fundamental niche and realized niche?

Fundamental niche is larger than realized niche Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the egg hatches?

The parasitoid larva feeds on the host's tissues. Signup and view all the answers

How does the parasitoid larva affect the host?

It gradually kills the host. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the parasitoid larva and the host?

The parasitoid larva is a parasite that kills the host. Signup and view all the answers

What is the end result of the parasitoid larva's feeding?

The host dies. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the parasitoid larva in the ecosystem?

It is a predator that kills the host. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of genetic diversity in the context of biodiversity?

Variation within a population and between populations Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following approaches is associated with genetic diversity?

Biotechnological approach Signup and view all the answers

What is the level of organization that genetic diversity is primarily concerned with?

Population Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary unit of genetic diversity?

Population Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of biodiversity?

Climate diversity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of trophic levels in an ecosystem?

To determine how organisms obtain energy Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical number of trophic levels found in most ecosystems?

3-5 Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of the environment where primary succession begins?

Absence of soil Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial step in primary succession?

Formation of soil Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of trophic levels?

Water cycling Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between organisms at different trophic levels?

Predator-prey relationship Signup and view all the answers

What type of succession occurs where soil is already present?

Secondary succession Signup and view all the answers

Why are trophic levels important in understanding community dynamics?

They influence the energy flow Signup and view all the answers

What is the opposite of primary succession?

Secondary succession Signup and view all the answers

What is a common location where primary succession occurs?

Rocks or sand dunes Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Niche

Realized niche: smaller than fundamental niche due to competition

Interaction Types

Exploitation: interaction between populations that enhances fitness of one individual while reducing fitness of the exploited individual (+/-)
Characteristics of exploitation:
- Involves killing and consuming other organisms
- Example: parasitoid larva feeding on host's tissues, gradually killing it

Biodiversity Components

Three main components of biodiversity:
- Genetic diversity: genetic variation within a population and between populations
- (Biotechnological approach not specified)
- Other two components not mentioned

Community Dynamics

Key factor in community dynamics: biodiversity
Importance of trophic levels:
- How organisms get their energy
- Typically 3-5 trophic levels in most ecosystems

Primary Succession

Occurs where no soil exists at the start
Formation of soil is a major step in primary succession

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Description

This quiz covers the concepts of niche, exploitation, and interactions between populations in community ecology. It includes the fundamental niche of a species and the impact of competition.