29 Questions
Which of the following is a common etiology of community-acquired pneumonia?
Influenza virus
What is a typical setting where healthcare-associated pneumonia is often encountered?
Hospitals
Which laboratory test is commonly used in the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia?
Complete blood count (CBC)
What is the main clinical presentation associated with viral pneumonia?
Chest congestion
Which of the following is considered an atypical pneumonia?
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
What is the general treatment strategy for pneumonia?
Antibiotics and supportive care
What is the most common cause of typical community-acquired pneumonia?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
In typical community-acquired pneumonia, what is the most common mechanism of infection?
Aspiration of oropharyngeal contents
What is a characteristic feature of Gram stain in typical community-acquired pneumonia?
Gram-positive lancet-shaped diplococci
Which lung lobes are most commonly involved in typical community-acquired pneumonia?
Lower lobes and right middle lobe
What characteristic feature does Streptococcus pneumoniae exhibit in Gram stain?
Short chains of cocci
What is the term used to describe the filling of alveoli with inflammatory exudate in pneumonia?
Consolidation
Which symptom is particularly common in elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia?
Confusion
What is a common physical exam sign of consolidation seen in community-acquired pneumonia?
Increased vocal tactile fremitus
What type of lung imaging demonstration may be required for the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia?
Computed tomogram
What laboratory finding is commonly observed in patients with community-acquired pneumonia?
Positive Gram stain from blood sample
What is a characteristic symptom that distinguishes community-acquired pneumonia from other respiratory illnesses?
Sudden onset of high fever with productive cough
What is the significance of neutrophilic leukocytosis with a left shift in the context of community-acquired pneumonia?
Points towards bacterial infection
Which viral infection is characterized by hemagglutinin and neuraminidase proteins as major virulence factors?
Influenza
What percentage of pediatric hospitalizations is attributed to Human Metapneumovirus infections?
5-10%
Which virus binds to the ACE2 protein in lower respiratory cells?
SARS-CoV-2
Which influenza virus type is a major cause of pandemic and epidemic infections?
Type A
Which viral pneumonia is most common in young children, elderly adults, and immunocompromised patients?
Human Metapneumovirus
Which virus can lead to acute lung injury and ARDS through the host immune response and cytokine release?
SARS-CoV-2
What is the most common manifestation of Coccidioides immitus infection?
Lung involvement
How does Coccidioides immitus evade intracellular killing?
By blocking phagosome-lysosome fusion
What is the hallmark feature of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in immunocompromised patients?
T lymphocyte CD4 count < 200/mm3
Which region is endemic for Coccidioides immitus?
Southwest US and Mexico
How is Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia typically diagnosed?
Bronchoalveolar lavage
Test your knowledge on the typical clinical presentation of community-acquired pneumonia, including symptoms like high fever, productive cough, chest pain, and cognitive changes. Explore the CDC link for more information.
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