83 Questions
What is emphasized in governance according to the text?
Expertise and moral judgment
How is identity shared in communitarianism?
Through community norms and values
What shapes citizenship according to the text?
Concern for the common good
What holds more importance than laws in communitarianism according to the text?
Community norms and values
Which process is described as helping people be active participants in building and strengthening their community?
Civic engagement
What is the main concept of Cosmopolitan Citizenship?
Collective responsibility towards the world
Which type of citizenship emphasizes rights over participation?
Civil Citizenship
What is one of the roles of Cosmopolitan Citizenship?
Providing aid and solving inequality
Which citizenship theory focuses on political participation through holding office or voting?
Political Citizenship
Which citizenship concept is described as more of an ideal than reality-based in the text?
Cosmopolitan Citizenship
What aspect does Civil Citizenship primarily emphasize?
Establishing rights for individual freedom
What is the primary role of bureaucracy in the government?
To ensure equal application of the law
Which constitutional clause gives Congress the power to make laws necessary for executing its powers?
Necessary-and-proper clause
What was the key issue in the Supreme Court case Miranda v. Arizona?
Violation of the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination
What was the significance of the Department of Education's creation?
It aimed to provide standardized education nationwide
Which branch of government is responsible for appointing new branches to the bureaucracy?
Executive Branch
What did Korematsu v. deal with primarily?
Internment of Japanese Americans during WWII
What is the main role of the state according to the Liberalism theory of citizenship?
To protect citizens in the exercise of their rights
What is a key criticism of the Liberalism theory of citizenship?
It underestimates individual differences in society
According to Republicanism theory, how is the common good discovered?
Through deliberation and reaching consensus
What is a key aspect of citizen participation in democracy?
Directly influencing political decisions and policies
What are citizens entitled to from the government according to Marshall's view?
Education, healthcare, and social welfare
In Participatory Democracy, what are some pros of citizens participating directly in political decisions?
Improved public policies and accountability
What is the concept of Guardianship democracy about?
'Guardians' making political decisions for the public good
How is welfare provision different in America compared to the ideal system described by Marshall?
Welfare in America is means-tested
According to Fraser and Gordon, how are Social Citizenship and Republicanism connected?
Through encouraging civic duty and engagement
What do proponents of Social Citizenship and Communitarianism argue for in terms of citizenship traditions?
Fostering solidarity and shared responsibility
How does technology impact interactions with the government, as mentioned in the text?
Enables digital renewal of services and easier access to information
In what way does technology influence citizenship as discussed in the text?
Promotes engaged citizenship through social media
What is the main purpose of Madisonian Vision of US Democracy?
To prevent factions from overpowering the government
In the context of factions, what did James Madison propose as a solution to prevent tyranny of the majority?
Implementing a republican form of government
What is the primary goal of Pluralism as described in the text?
To encourage diverse groups to balance each other out in politics
How does Madison's concept of 'Ambition must be made to counteract ambition' relate to American politics?
It encourages a system where ambition serves as a check on ambition within the government
According to Federalist Papers 51, what is the significance of 'ambition' in the context of democratic politics?
Ambition should serve as a counterbalance to prevent an abuse of power
How does Pluralism differ from factionalism in the context of American politics?
Pluralism encourages diverse groups to balance each other out, whereas factionalism leads to in-fighting and contention
In Liberalism theory of citizenship, exercising rights is primarily viewed as:
The choice of citizens
What is a key criticism of the Republicanism theory of citizenship as described in the text?
Emphasis on individual interests over common good
What is the primary concept behind Participatory Democracy?
Direct influence of citizens on political decisions
Which criticism is commonly associated with Guardianship democracy concept?
Ignoring the public good
How does Liberalism theory view citizenship compared to Republicanism theory?
As a choice driven by rational self-interest
What distinguishes Participatory Democracy from Guardianship Democracy according to the text?
Citizens directly engage in decision-making vs. experts making decisions
What is the difference between pure democracy and republic, according to Madison?
In pure democracy, decisions are made directly by the people, while in a republic, decisions are made by elected representatives.
What are Bellamy's three main components of citizenship?
Rights, responsibilities, and political participation
What are the implications of social capital when it is in decline?
Decrease in civic engagement and trust within communities
What is the main focus of New Public Management/Reinventing Government theory?
Empowering citizens as customers in the public sector
What are the strengths and weaknesses of direct democracy?
Strength: High level of citizen participation; Weakness: Susceptible to majority tyranny
How does a public bureaucracy relate to co-equal branches of government?
Bureaucracy is subordinate to the legislative branch but equal to the executive and judicial branches.
What is a key difference between the welfare provision in America and the ideal system described by Marshall?
Welfare in America is means-tested, while in the ideal system it is universal.
How does technology impact citizen interactions with the government according to the text?
Technology promotes engaged citizenship but reduces face-to-face interactions with the government.
In what way do proponents of Social Citizenship and Communitarianism aim to foster citizenship traditions?
By promoting solidary and shared responsibility among citizens.
How does technology influence citizen engagement with political information and news according to the text?
Technology promotes engaged citizenship but less interaction with political institutions.
What is a significant aspect of Social Citizenship according to the text?
Promoting civic engagement through community participation.
What role does technology primarily play in citizen interactions with government services as highlighted in the text?
Consolidating all services into one place and making them easier to access.
What is the main prerequisite for the President to issue a proclamation according to federal law?
Finding that entry of covered aliens would be detrimental to the interests of the United States
In terms of power, when does the President act most powerfully according to the text?
When acting pursuant to Congressional authorization
What was the first federal agency created as mentioned in the text?
The Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)
Why does gridlock occur in government decision-making processes?
When different parties control different branches of government
Which of the following is NOT a concept explicitly mentioned in the Constitution regarding public administration?
'Bureaucracy'
In what context does American history mention only postal offices initially?
In relation to early government services
What is the significance of the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) as mentioned in the text?
Estimating costs of bills
What is the main role of the Congressional Research Service (CRS) discussed in the text?
Producing reports on legislative issues
What is the primary purpose of Committee hearings as outlined in the text?
Review ongoing programs and agencies
How does the power of the purse give Congress authority over agencies?
By cutting agency budgets
What is the main focus of Investigative hearings according to the text?
Investigating allegations of wrongdoing by officials
What is the key function of Support Offices like the Congressional Research Service (CRS) and Congressional Budget Office (CBO)?
Estimating costs of bills
What is the primary reason behind dividing powers among branches of government?
To ensure that no individual or group threatens individual liberty
In the context of military power, what is the role of the president?
The president is commander in chief
How are members of each branch of government kept independent as per the text?
By minimizing involvement in selecting members of other branches
What is required for important policy decisions according to the text?
Cooperation among branches
In terms of appointment power, what is the role of Congress as per the text?
Congress must confirm appointments made by the president
What feature ensures that no single branch decides important policy decisions alone?
Overlapping authority
What is the purpose of a referendum in the context of state and local government levels?
To provide a way for citizens to approve or reject a recently passed law
What is the significance of recall elections at the state and local levels?
They provide a check on the sovereign power of elected officials
What is the ideal condition for high-benefit indicators in citizen participation?
When a citizen mandate is needed to break gridlock and validate policy implementation
What distinguishes an initiative from a referendum in the political process?
An initiative involves citizens voting on a recently passed law, while a referendum bypasses the state legislature
What concept does the idea ranking tool template prioritize?
Need-ness
What role do citizens play in recall elections at state and local levels?
Citizens remove elected officials from office before their term ends
What is the primary focus of the NPM reform ideas adopted by the Clinton administration?
Reducing bureaucracy
Which core values are emphasized in the reinventing government approach?
Economy, efficiency, and effectiveness
According to entrepreneurial government principles, what does 'Competitive government' focus on?
Injecting competition into service delivery
What does 'Results-oriented government' prioritize according to Osborne's principles?
Funding outcomes, not inputs
How does 'Customer-driven government' redefine the relationship with clients?
By meeting the needs of the customer, not bureaucracy
What is the main concept behind 'Anticipatory government' in entrepreneurial principles?
Prevention rather than cure
Test your knowledge on the role of expertise, moral judgment, and community identity in governance according to communitarianism theory. Explore the emphasis on defending communities, moral obligations, and common good over individual rights.
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