Communications Chapter 9 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Why is it important that speeches be organized clearly and coherently?

Research shows that well-organized speeches are easier for listeners to comprehend and that listeners find speakers who give well-organized speeches more competent and trustworthy.

How many main points will your speeches usually contain?

1-2

2-5 (correct)

5-8

No limit

What are the five basic patterns of organizing main points in a speech?

Chronological order, spatial order, causal order, problem-solution order, topical order.

Which order is most appropriate for persuasive speeches?

Problem-solution order Signup and view all the answers

What are three tips for preparing your main points?

Keep main points separate and distinct, use parallel wording, balance the amount of time devoted to each main point. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important thing to remember when organizing supporting materials in the body of your speech?

Supporting materials need to be directly relevant to the main points they support. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four kinds of speech connectives?

Transitions, internal previews, internal summaries, and signposts. Signup and view all the answers

What is strategic organization in a speech?

Putting a speech together in a particular way to achieve a specific result with a particular audience. Signup and view all the answers

What are main points in a speech?

The major points developed in the body of a speech. Signup and view all the answers

What is chronological order in speech organization?

A method of speech organization where the main points follow a time pattern. Signup and view all the answers

What is spatial order in speech organization?

A method of organizing a speech where the main points follow a directional pattern. Signup and view all the answers

What is causal order in speech organization?

A method of organization that shows a cause-effect relationship. Signup and view all the answers

What is problem-solution order in speech organization?

A method where the first main point deals with the existence of a problem and the following points propose solutions. Signup and view all the answers

What is topical order in speech organization?

A method of organization that divides the topic into logical and consistent subtopics. Signup and view all the answers

What are supporting materials in a speech?

Materials used to support a speaker's ideas, including statistics and testimony. Signup and view all the answers

What is a connective in a speech?

A word or phrase that connects the ideas of a speech and indicates the relationship between them. Signup and view all the answers

What is a transition in a speech?

A word or phrase that indicates when a speaker has finished one thought and is moving on to another. Signup and view all the answers

What is an internal preview in a speech?

A statement in the body of the speech that lets the audience know what the speaker is going to discuss next. Signup and view all the answers

What is an internal summary in a speech?

A statement in the body of the speech that summarizes the speaker's preceding point or points. Signup and view all the answers

What is a signpost in a speech?

A very brief statement that indicates where a speaker is in the speech or focuses attention on key ideas. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Importance of Speech Organization

Well-organized speeches enhance listener comprehension and give a sense of speaker competence and trustworthiness.

Main Points in Speeches

Most speeches typically feature 2 to 5 main points; 3 is the standard.
Limiting main points prevents overwhelming the audience and allows for adequate development of each idea.

Organizing Main Points

Five basic organizational patterns:
- Chronological Order: Follows a time sequence.
- Spatial Order: Arranges points based on location or direction.
- Causal Order: Shows a cause-and-effect relationship.
- Problem-Solution Order: Identifies a problem and presents a solution.
- Topical Order: Divides the topic into logical subtopics.
Informative speeches can utilize all patterns; Problem-Solution is most common for persuasive speeches, while Topical Order is frequently used.

Preparing Main Points

Keep main points distinct and separate to avoid confusion.
Utilize parallel wording for clarity and coherence among points.
Balance the time allocated to each main point for effective delivery.

Supporting Materials

Ensure supporting materials are organized and directly relate to the main points they support to avoid confusion.

Types of Speech Connectives

Four major types of connectives:
- Transitions: Indicate a shift from one idea to another.
- Internal Previews: Inform the audience about upcoming points.
- Internal Summaries: Recap previous points discussed.
- Signposts: Highlight key ideas or indicate progress in the speech.

Strategic Organization

Speech should be structured deliberately to achieve specific results with a targeted audience.

Characteristics of Main Points

Major ideas developed in a speech's body, typically ranging from two to five.

Speech Organization Methods

Chronological Order: Utilizes time patterns.
Spatial Order: Uses directional patterns.
Causal Order: Displays cause-effect relationships.
Problem-Solution Order: Addresses problems with appropriate solutions.
Topical Order: Segments the topic into coherent subtopics.

Supporting Materials Explained

Materials that underpin a speaker's arguments; categories include examples, statistics, and testimony.

Role of Connectives

Words or phrases connecting ideas in a speech, clarifying relationships among them.

Understanding Transitions

Words or phrases signaling conclusion of one thought and the start of another.

Internal Preview Definition

Statements that prepare audiences for what will be discussed next in the speech.

Internal Summary Explained

Statements that summarize previous points to reinforce understanding among listeners.

Signpost Function

Brief phrases that help audiences track the speaker's position and emphasize key ideas.

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Description

Explore key concepts from Chapter 9 of Communications with this set of flashcards. Understand the importance of speech organization and the ideal number of main points for clarity and audience engagement. Perfect for students aiming to enhance their communication skills.