Communication Systems: Signal Spectrum
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Questions and Answers

What happens when the IF gain is set too high?

  • The scan rate increases
  • The front end noise level decreases
  • The frequency resolution increases
  • The front end noise level increases (correct)

    • What is the purpose of the IF filters?

  • To reduce the dynamic range
  • To restrict the bandwidth viewed (correct)
  • To increase the signal level
  • To increase the scan rate

    • What is a key element in the operation of the spectrum analyzer?

  • The local oscillator (correct)
  • The ramp generator
  • The display
  • The IF filter

    • What is the purpose of the ramp generator?

    <p>To drive the sweep of the local oscillator and the display</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the envelope detector?

    <p>To convert the signal from the IF filter into a signal voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of narrowing the IF bandwidth?

    <p>The noise floor decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the display in the spectrum analyzer?

    <p>To display the signal spectra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the ramp generator and the display?

    <p>The ramp generator drives the sweep of the local oscillator and the display</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the x-axis typically represented by in a spectrum graph?

    <p>Frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a spectrum analyzer?

    <p>To analyze and measure the frequency spectrum of a signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the height or length of a point or line in a spectrum graph indicate?

    <p>The amplitude or power of the frequency component</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of analysis can a spectrum analyzer perform on a signal?

    <p>Frequency, amplitude, and phase analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of measuring the amplitude of a signal at different frequencies?

    <p>To detect distortion in a signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of measuring the phase shift of a signal at different frequencies?

    <p>It helps to analyze signals that are modulated or phase-shifted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key function of a spectrum analyzer in terms of frequency?

    <p>To analyze signals in the frequency domain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of bandwidth analysis in a spectrum analyzer?

    <p>To identify the frequency range of a signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the low-pass filter in a FFT spectrum analyzer?

    <p>To remove unwanted high-frequency components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of superheterodyne spectrum analyzer technology?

    <p>It can only measure amplitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of FFT spectrum analyzer over traditional spectrum analyzers?

    <p>It provides fast speed and high accuracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the variable attenuator in a FFT spectrum analyzer?

    <p>To provide a proper amplitude range</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the microprocessor in a FFT spectrum analyzer?

    <p>To calculate the spectrum using FFT algorithm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the limitation of the frequency bandwidth in a FFT spectrum analyzer?

    <p>It is limited by the ADC sampling rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of signals can a FFT spectrum analyzer analyze?

    <p>Both periodic and non-periodic signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of Real-Time spectrum analyzers over traditional tools?

    <p>They are capable of analyzing dynamic nature of modern RF signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key functions of a spectrum analyzer?

    <p>Measuring the bandwidth of a signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a low-pass filter in a spectrum analyzer?

    <p>To remove out-of-band signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the mixer in a spectrum analyzer?

    <p>To mix the signal with the local oscillator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the RF attenuator in a spectrum analyzer?

    <p>To prevent the signal level from becoming too high</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of analyzer works by sweeping across a frequency range and measuring the amplitude of the signal at each frequency point?

    <p>Swept-Tuned analyzer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the IF amplifier in a spectrum analyzer?

    <p>To amplify the signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key functions of a spectrum analyzer in terms of noise analysis?

    <p>Measuring the noise level of a signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key functions of a spectrum analyzer in terms of harmonic analysis?

    <p>Detecting harmonic distortion in signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of a Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer (RTSA) compared to traditional analyzers?

    <p>It can discover events missed by traditional analyzers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of a Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer?

    <p>It is based on a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analyzer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between an Audio Spectrum Analyzer and other types of spectrum analyzers?

    <p>It has a lower frequency range</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following industries uses spectrum analyzers to design, test, and troubleshoot electronic equipment?

    <p>Wireless Communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer in Wireless Communication?

    <p>To identify problems such as weak signals or interference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main application of spectrum analyzers in Audio Production?

    <p>To visualize and adjust frequencies of audio signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key requirement for a Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer?

    <p>Sufficient capture memory and DSP power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of signal processing does a Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer use?

    <p>Digital signal processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Spectrum Analysis

    • A spectrum represents the frequency components of a signal, typically graphically displayed with frequency on the x-axis and amplitude or power on the y-axis.
    • Each frequency component is represented by a point or line, with the height or length indicating the amplitude or power.

    Spectrum Analyzer

    • A spectrum analyzer is an instrument used to analyze and measure the frequency spectrum of a signal.
    • It provides a graphical representation of the frequency components present in a signal and their corresponding amplitudes.

    Key Functions of Spectrum Analyzers

    • Frequency Analysis: Analyze signals in the frequency domain, providing information about the frequency components of a signal.
    • Amplitude Analysis: Measure the amplitude of a signal at different frequencies, allowing users to identify peak amplitudes and detect distortion.
    • Phase Analysis: Measure the phase shift of a signal at different frequencies, useful for analyzing modulated or phase-shifted signals.
    • Bandwidth Analysis: Measure the bandwidth of a signal, useful for determining the amount of data that can be transmitted over a communication channel.
    • Noise Analysis: Measure the noise level of a signal, important for determining the quality of a communication channel.
    • Harmonic Analysis: Detect harmonic distortion in signals, important for ensuring that signals are transmitted without distortion.

    Types of Spectrum Analyzers

    • Swept-Tuned Spectrum Analyzer: One of the earliest designs, works by sweeping across a frequency range and measuring the amplitude of the signal at each frequency point.
    • Fourier Transform Spectrum Analyzer: Processes numerically the signal over a period of time and provides frequency, amplitude, and phase information.
    • Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer: Uses real-time digital signal processing to analyze transient and dynamic RF signals, allowing it to discover events missed by traditional analyzers.
    • Audio Spectrum Analyzer: Focuses on analyzing audio spectra, with lower frequency limits and typically used in audio production.

    Applications of Spectrum Analyzers

    • Wireless Communication: Used to design, test, troubleshoot, and repair electronic equipment in the wireless communication industry.
    • Audio Production: Allows engineers to visualize and adjust the frequencies of audio signals.

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    Learn about signal spectrum, its graphical representation, and frequency components. Test your understanding of communication systems.

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