Communication Process Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What role does a receiver/decoder play in the communication process?

  • The entity that transmits the message
  • The listener or reader of the message (correct)
  • The external influencing factor in communication
  • The person who develops the message

Which of the following is NOT a type of mode in communication?

  • Visual
  • Non-verbal
  • Verbal
  • Theoretical (correct)

What does intrapersonal communication refer to?

  • Formal communication in writing
  • Communication within an organization
  • Talking to oneself (correct)
  • Communication among different cultures

What is considered 'noise' in the communication process?

<p>Any barrier or obstacle that hampers message delivery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what form does verbal communication occur?

<p>In written or spoken form (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of communication is primarily used to establish better relationships with others?

<p>Interpersonal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is an example of an audio mode of communication?

<p>Making a phone call (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of communication takes place within a workplace?

<p>Organizational (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'context' refer to in the communication process?

<p>The environment and circumstances of communication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of informal communication?

<p>It involves casual and personal conversations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In organizational communication, which structure involves communication flowing from management to subordinates?

<p>Formal structure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of visual communication?

<p>Utilizes sign, symbols, or images (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of extended communication?

<p>To reach a large and remote audience (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What element of communication primarily provides a response to the original message?

<p>Feedback (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of communication uses formal language and includes lectures or business letters?

<p>Formal communication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the linear model of communication suggest?

<p>Communication is a one-way process from sender to receiver. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for identifying a means of communication as a language?

<p>A writing system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'mother tongue' refer to?

<p>The first language acquired during early childhood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a speech community in language acquisition?

<p>To share a common set of rules in the language system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept describes interactions between speakers of different languages that lead to influence and change?

<p>Language change (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes language as arbitrary?

<p>There is no one-to-one correspondence between symbols and ideas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes communication?

<p>The process of sending messages from sender to receiver (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way can language contact lead to language change?

<p>By allowing languages to influence each other's structure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can act as a barrier in the communication process?

<p>Misunderstandings or distractions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which variable is emphasized as central in Aristotle's model of communication?

<p>The speaker (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Berlo's SMCR model stand for?

<p>Sender, Message, Channel, Receiver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key aspect does Laswell’s model analyze?

<p>Who communicates and the effects of the message (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of Berlo's model?

<p>The encoder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Shannon-Weaver model, what primary purpose was the model originally conceptualized for?

<p>Technical communication for radio and television (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Berlo characterize the message itself in his model?

<p>By its structure, content, and treatment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influence does a sender’s social system have in Berlo's model?

<p>It shapes the sender's communication skills and attitudes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What question does Laswell's model NOT explicitly address?

<p>What are the emotional effects on the audience? (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle emphasizes the importance of connecting ideas using transitional words?

<p>Coherence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of effective oral communication that ensures the recipient understands the purpose?

<p>Being clear with your purpose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of globalization?

<p>Movement of people and goods across borders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Braj Kachru's model, which circle includes countries where English is used as a first language?

<p>Inner Circle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle is related to using appropriate feedback in communication?

<p>Being specific and timely (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of diversity in communication emphasize?

<p>Respect for individuality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which member country is part of the Outer Circle using English as a Second Language?

<p>India (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does being concise in communication help to achieve?

<p>Clarity and focus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a variety of language defined by its use in social situations?

<p>Register (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which context is formal language typically used?

<p>Job interviews (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes informal language?

<p>Casual and personal tone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a neutral language register?

<p>Technical writing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which countries are included in EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners?

<p>China and Indonesia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a characteristic of formal language?

<p>Casual vocabulary choice (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does language register impact communication?

<p>It determines vocabulary and structure based on context. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which context is informal language most appropriate?

<p>Chatting with friends (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is language?

A system of rules, a sound system (phonology), and a vocabulary (lexicon) used for communication.

Speech Community

A group of people who share the same language and rules of communication.

Language Acquisition

The process of acquiring language, typically starting in childhood.

Mother Tongue

The first language learned by a person, usually acquired during childhood.

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Second Language

A language learned after the first language, often learned formally or informally.

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Language Contact

The interaction between speakers of different languages, leading to changes in language.

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Language Change

Changes happening in language over time, often caused by contact with other languages.

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What is Communication?

The process of transmitting information, ideas, and feelings from one person to another.

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Communication Cycle

The sender of a message receives feedback from the receiver, completing the communication loop.

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Communication Channel

The medium through which a message is transmitted.

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Communication Noise

Any barrier or obstacle that hinders clear communication.

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Communication Message

The idea, thought, or feeling being conveyed.

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Communication Receiver

The listener or reader who decodes the message.

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Communication Feedback

The response or reaction to the message sent.

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Verbal Communication

Communication involving written or spoken language.

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Non-verbal Communication

Communication involving gestures, facial expressions, and body language.

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Intrapersonal Communication

Communication with oneself, including thoughts, feelings, and self-reflection.

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Interpersonal Communication

Communication aimed at building relationships and fostering connection with others.

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Extended Communication

Communication that utilizes electronic, print, or broadcast media to reach a widespread audience.

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Organizational Communication

Communication occurring within an organizational structure, including communication between superiors, subordinates, and colleagues.

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Formal Communication

Communication that follows established rules and procedures, often involving formal language and written documents.

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Informal Communication

Communication that involves casual language and personal interactions, often used to build relationships.

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Intercultural Communication

Communication between people from different cultural backgrounds, potentially leading to misunderstandings due to linguistic, religious, or cultural differences.

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Communication Model

A simplified representation of the communication process, illustrating the flow of information between sender and receiver.

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What is globalization?

The interconnectedness of people and goods across nations, allowing easier movement and exchange.

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What is diversity?

Encourages respect for differences among people, recognizing their uniqueness in terms of age, gender, culture, etc.

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What are World Englishes?

The concept of using English in different areas, especially focusing on variations across Asia.

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What is the Inner Circle of English?

Countries where English is spoken as a first language, like the USA, UK, Australia, Canada, and New Zealand.

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What is the Outer Circle of English?

Countries where English is learned as a second language, alongside a native tongue, such as India, Nigeria, and the Philippines.

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What is language contact?

When languages interact with each other, causing changes in vocabulary, grammar, or pronunciation.

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What is language change?

Changes happening in a language over time, sometimes due to contact with other languages.

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Aristotle's Model of Communication

Aristotle's model emphasizes the importance of the speaker, their audience, and the speech itself. It considers factors like audience demographics (age, culture, etc.) to ensure effective communication.

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Berlo's SMCR Model

The sender (encoder) transmits a message through a channel (e.g., hearing, seeing) to the receiver (decoder). The receiver's understanding is influenced by factors such as their skills, attitudes, and cultural background.

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Lasswell's Model of Communication

This model focuses on five key elements: the communicator (who), the message (what), the channel (how), the audience (whom), and the effect (with what effect). It analyzes communication by considering its content, delivery, and impact.

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Shannon-Weaver Model of Communication

This model focuses on the source, the message, the channel, the receiver, and noise (interference). It illustrates how information is transmitted and the potential for distortion during the process.

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Why is the speaker important in Aristotle's Model?

The speaker is the key element in communication. Without a speaker, there's no speech to be produced.

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What factors does Aristotle's model consider about the audience?

Audience demographics play a crucial role in effective communication.

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What are the key factors impacting the sender in Berlo's model?

The sender's communication skills, attitudes, and cultural background influence the encoding of the message.

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What factors affect the receiver's understanding in Berlo's model?

The receiver's understanding of the message is shaped by their own skills, attitudes, and cultural background.

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Language Register

A variety of language used in a specific social situation, determined by its formality, vocabulary, and grammar.

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Formal Register

Formal language is highly structured, impersonal, and often used in professional settings. It emphasizes clarity, precision, and professionalism.

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Informal Register

Informal language is casual, personal, and used in close relationships. It emphasizes familiarity, ease, and naturalness.

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Neutral Register

Neutral register is factual, non-emotional, and often used in technical or business contexts. It prioritizes objective information and clarity.

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Register Awareness

The ability to choose the appropriate register for a given situation is crucial for effective communication.

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EFL (English as a Foreign Language)

English used as a foreign language, typically learned by individuals in countries where English is not the primary language.

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Second Language Acquisition

The process of learning a language after one's first language, often formally or informally.

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Communicative Competence

The ability to use a language effectively and appropriately in different social situations. This involves understanding different registers and adjusting language accordingly.

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Study Notes

Language

  • Language is a system of rules (grammar), sounds (phonology), and vocabulary (lexicon).
  • Language is arbitrary; symbols don't inherently correspond to the objects or ideas they represent.
  • Speakers in a community share the same language rules.
  • Language acquisition occurs through exposure and shared community.
  • First language is acquired naturally and second languages are learned.
  • Language change results from language contact.

Communication Process

  • Communication is transmitting ideas, thoughts, and feelings.
  • The process involves the sender, message, channel, and receiver.
  • Communication is cyclic and dynamic, affected by many variables, including feedback.
  • Elements of communication include: people (sender/receiver), message/code, channel, noise, and feedback.

Types of Communication

  • Mode:
  • Verbal (written or spoken)
  • Non-verbal (gestures, facial expressions, body language)
  • Visual (symbols, pictures)
  • Other modes (e.g., face-to-face, video, audio, text-based).
  • Context:
  • Intrapersonal (self-talk)
  • Interpersonal (between people)
  • Extended (involves media)
  • Organizational (in workplaces)
  • Intercultural (between people of different cultures)
  • Purpose and Style:
  • Formal (e.g., lectures, business letters)
  • Informal (e.g., conversations with friends)

Communication Models

  • Linear Model: One-way process from sender to receiver (Aristotle Model.)
  • Interactive Model: Two-way process with feedback, includes receiver's field of experience (Shannon Weaver Model, Berlo Model.)
  • Transactional Model: Dynamic and simultaneous exchange of messages between communicators; time element and multiple simultaneous message senders (Transactional Model.)

Principles of Effective Communication

  • Know your purpose and audience.
  • Deliver messages effectively based on the given context.
  • Work on feedback.
  • Communication principles for written communication (be clear, concise, concrete, correct, coherent, complete, courteous).
  • Communication principles for oral communication (be clear, comprehensive, concise, natural, timely feedback.)

Globalization and Language

  • Globalization leads to more language contact and extensive vocabularies.
  • Communication is key to globalization.
  • Varieties of English (ENL, ESL, EFL) exist in different regions

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