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Communication Models Overview
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Communication Models Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of the Linear Model of communication?

  • Operates as a one-way process without external feedback. (correct)
  • Engages the audience actively during the process.
  • Incorporates feedback from recipients.
  • Includes multiple channels for message transmission.

    • Which model emphasizes the role of the sender and passive audience in communication?

  • Schramm’s Model
  • Aristotle’s Model (correct)
  • Shannon and Weaver’s Model
  • Osgood-Schramm’s Model

    • What distinguishes the Osgood-Schramm Model from other communication models?

  • It emphasizes non-verbal communication only.
  • It focuses on feedback mechanisms exclusively.
  • It depicts communication as a circular process. (correct)
  • It introduces the concept of a linear flow of information.

    • How does the Probability Chain in Grapevine Communication function?

    <p>Information is shared randomly among individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key element does Schramm’s Model introduce to the process of communication?

    <p>The concept of field of experience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of communication is highlighted in Shannon and Weaver’s Model?

    <p>The mathematical theory supporting message transmission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model is known for its circular representation of communication where both parties decode, interpret, and encode messages?

    <p>Osgood-Schramm’s Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of communication chain does one person convey information to others directly and completely?

    <p>Gossip Chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is ethnocentrism?

    <p>The tendency to measure one's own culture against another culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a cultural factor in multicultural settings?

    <p>Personal hobbies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of gender in cultural communication?

    <p>It shapes norms and expectations in cultural interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to be mindful of other cultures in communication?

    <p>To improve interpersonal relationships and understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a suggestion for improving intercultural communication competence?

    <p>Be skillful and tactful in communicating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of regional attire in multicultural communication?

    <p>It can communicate cultural identity and values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is vital for interacting within the same racial or ethnic group?

    <p>Intracultural communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT influence an individual’s cultural identity?

    <p>Personal financial status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a cover letter in a job application?

    <p>To introduce the applicant and their resume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a characteristic to include in your resume?

    <p>Leadership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to include keywords from the job description in your resume?

    <p>To enhance the chances of being noticed by the employer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which resume format focuses primarily on the chronological order of work experience?

    <p>Chronological</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common mistake do job seekers often make regarding their cover letters?

    <p>They neglect to write one altogether</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be adjusted when tailoring a resume for a specific organization?

    <p>The sections included and the wording used</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between writing a cover letter and a casual email?

    <p>Cover letters require more formality and structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the functional resume format emphasize?

    <p>Skills and competencies over specific job history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of an interview in research?

    <p>To gather insights and information from knowledgeable individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following must be avoided during an interview?

    <p>Exerting undue pressure on the respondent to participate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of questionnaire item?

    <p>Summary responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of response do open-ended or unstructured questionnaire items elicit?

    <p>Detailed, narrative answers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a questionnaire be administered?

    <p>Via paper-and-pencil, telephone, or online formats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common pitfall when conducting interviews?

    <p>Arguing or disagreeing with the respondent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario can interviews serve as a supplementary tool?

    <p>When the researcher requires additional context or clarification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of the multiple choice questionnaire format?

    <p>Limits responses to predefined options</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does indexicality refer to in the context of geosemiotics?

    <p>The way a sign's meaning is derived from its geographical location.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following options correctly describes dialogicality?

    <p>Signs possess dual meanings and relate to one another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category includes the use of signs to enforce traffic laws?

    <p>Regulatory Signs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines 'linguistic landscape'?

    <p>The visual display of language and images in public spaces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which circle is English considered a second language?

    <p>Outer Circle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sign type is concerned with basic physical systems in a region?

    <p>Infrastructural Signs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the expanding circle of English?

    <p>Regions with a historical use of English as a native language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of signs typically inform or persuade the public regarding markets or services?

    <p>Commercial Signs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Communication Models

    • Linear Model: A one-way communication process with no external feedback (e.g., newspapers, broadcasting).

    • Grapevine Communication:

      • Single Strand Chain: Information passed through a line to the recipient.
      • Gossip Chain: One person conveys information to multiple individuals.
      • Probability Chain: Random transmission of information between people.

    • Aristotle’s Model (300 B.C): Focuses on public speaking skills, where the sender is active and the audience is passive.

    • Schramm’s Model (1949): Communication as a process involving a sender, medium, and receiver, emphasizing mutual understanding through shared experiences.

    • Lasswell’s Model (1948): Addresses the channel used in communication, focusing on how senders and receivers understand each other.

    • Osgood-Schramm’s Model (1954): Circular model showing two-way communication where messages are decoded and encoded by both parties.

    • Shannon and Weaver’s Model (1949): Known as the "Mathematical Theory of Communication," it breaks down communication into six parts.

    Sociocultural Aspects of Communication

    • Stereotypes and Prejudices: Generalizations or assumptions about cultural behaviors and beliefs.
    • Ethnocentrism: Judging one culture against another.
    • Cultural Factors Affecting Communication:
      • Cultural identity, gender roles, age identity, social class, religious identity.

    Improving Intercultural Communication Competence

    • Be mindful of colleagues from different cultures.
    • Choose words and actions that are culturally appropriate.
    • Develop skills for effective communication in diverse settings.
    • Observe communication patterns in multicultural contexts.
    • Be open to different cultures for new perspectives and life approaches.

    Concentric Circles of English

    • Inner Circle: Countries where English is a native language (e.g., USA, UK, Canada).
    • Outer Circle: Countries where English is a second language (e.g., India, Nigeria).
    • Expanding Circle: Countries where English is a foreign language (e.g., Japan, Egypt).

    Types of Signs

    • Regulatory Signs: Indicate compliance with traffic laws or regulations.
    • Infrastructural Signs: Represent basic physical systems essential for a region or business.
    • Commercial Signs: Advertisements reflecting a business's offerings and branding.

    Resume Writing Essentials

    • A strong resume should include keywords from the job description, showcasing relevant skills and experiences.
    • Three popular resume formats:
      • Chronological: Lists work experience in reverse chronological order.
      • Functional: Focuses on skills and experiences rather than chronology.
      • Combination: Merges chronological and functional elements.
    • Crafting a well-designed cover letter is crucial as it introduces the applicant and often influences hiring decisions.

    Interviewing Techniques

    • Questionnaire: Structured form to collect information from respondents, can be conducted in various formats (paper, phone, online).

    • Types of Questionnaire Items:

      • Dichotomous: Yes/No questions.
      • Multiple Choice: Select from given options.
      • Open-Ended: Allows free responses.

    • Avoidances in Interviews:

      • Do not pressure respondents to participate.
      • Avoid debating or arguing with the interviewee.

    Purpose and Uses of Interviews

    • Gain insights from knowledgeable individuals about specific issues.
    • Construct and validate questionnaires through expert consultation.
    • Collect data for research or supplement other methods.

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    Related Documents

    CBRC - GED 1 (PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION IN ENGLISH).pdf

    Description

    Explore various communication models including the Linear Model, Aristotle's Model, and Grapevine Communication. This quiz covers concepts like proxemics, chronemics, and the significance of feedback in communication processes. Test your understanding of these foundational theories of communication.

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