Communication Models

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Questions and Answers

Which communication model is characterized by a one-way process from sender to receiver, lacking feedback?

  • Schramm's Model
  • Linear Communication Model (correct)
  • Transactional Communication Model
  • Interactive Communication Model

In the Interactive Communication Model, the sender is the only active participant, while the receiver passively receives information.

False (B)

In the Shannon-Weaver model of communication, what role does 'noise' play, and how does it affect the communication process?

Noise in the Shannon-Weaver model is any interference that affects the message, reducing the quality of the communication.

Berlo's S-M-C-R model emphasizes the importance of __________ and __________ for effective communication.

<p>encoding, decoding</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each component of communication in Berlo's S-M-C-R model with its description:

<p>Source = The one initiating communication Message = The content being conveyed Channel = The medium through which the message is sent Receiver = The recipient of the message</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model emphasizes the importance of shared meaning through feedback loops and reciprocal interaction?

<p>Schramm's Model (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Osgood-Schramm model, communication is a one-way process where one party sends a message and the other passively receives it.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do communication models help us understand and analyze the communication process?

<p>Communication models provide frameworks that simplify communication processes, allowing us to identify key components and relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

__________ refers to any interference that can affect the clarity of the message during transmission.

<p>Noise</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following communication aspect with its description:

<p>Encoding = Translating thoughts into a form understandable by others Decoding = Interpreting the encoded message to derive meaning Channel = The medium through which a message is transmitted Feedback = Response indicating whether the message was understood</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of communication involves conveying messages without the use of words, relying on body language and facial expressions?

<p>Non-verbal communication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Technology-mediated communication exclusively refers to face-to-face interactions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the key difference between interpersonal communication and group communication.

<p>Interpersonal communication occurs between two or more people in personal relationships while group communication involves interactions among three or more people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

__________ is a form of communication where an individual addresses a large audience to inform, persuade, or entertain.

<p>Public speaking</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the component of communicative competencies with the correct description:

<p>Grammatical Competence = Mastery of language rules and structures Pragmatic Competence = Appropriate use of language in different contexts Strategic Competence = Using communication strategies to overcome challenges Non-verbal Competence = Proficiency in using non-verbal cues to complement communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which competence involves awareness and understanding of social and cultural norms influencing communication?

<p>Sociolinguistic competence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cultural awareness has no role in effective communication.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can acknowledging and adapting to cultural differences improve communication?

<p>Acknowledging and adapting to cultural differences enhances communication by aligning messages with the cultural norms of the audience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

__________ communication refers to the process of exchanging information between individuals from different cultural backgrounds.

<p>Intercultural</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the intercultural communication solution methods with the correct description:

<p>Cultural Sensitivity Training = Raises awareness of communication challenges and promotes understanding among cultures. Active Listening = Demonstrates genuine interest and reduces misinterpretations. Adapting Communication Styles = Adjusting language and recognizing non-verbal cues enhances clarity. Building Cultural Competence = Learning about diverse customers, values and norms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Linear Communication Model

One-way communication from sender to receiver. Lacks feedback.

Interactive Communication Model

A two-way communication process that includes feedback loops.

Transactional Communication Model

Simultaneous process where both parties are senders and receivers, contributing to context/meaning.

Shannon-Weaver Model

Communication as a linear process involving sender, message, channel, noise, and receiver; emphasizes encoding/decoding.

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Berlo's S-M-C-R Model

Involves four components: source, message, channel, and receiver; emphasizes encoding and decoding for effective communication.

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Schramm's Model

Interactive model highlighting shared meaning; recognizes communication as a reciprocal process with feedback loops.

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Message

The information or content that a sender wants to convey.

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Channel in Communication

The medium through which a message is transmitted.

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Feedback in Communication

Response from the receiver indicating if the message was understood; helps the sender adjust.

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Noise in Communication

Interference or distortion affecting the clarity of the message.

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Context

Environmental, social, and cultural aspects influencing communication.

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Non-Verbal Communication

Conveying messages without words; includes body language, facial expressions, gestures, etc.

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Technology-Mediated Communication

Using technology to transmit messages, like emails, texts, and video calls.

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Interpersonal Communication

Exchange of thoughts, feelings, and info between two or more in personal relationships.

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Group Communication

Interactions among three or more; encompasses discussions and collaborations.

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Public Speaking

Addressing a large audience with a specific purpose.

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Strategic Competence

Ability to use communication strategies to overcome challenges or achieve communicative goals.

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Pragmatic Competence

Understanding and appropriately using language in different contexts.

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Sociolinguistic Competence

Understanding social and cultural norms influencing communication.

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Discourse Competence

The ability to organize and convey information coherently in longer discourse.

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Study Notes

Communication Models

  • Linear Model: One-way communication from sender to receiver without feedback.
  • Interactive Model: Two-way communication with feedback loops, dynamic interaction between sender and receiver.
  • Transactional Model: Ongoing, simultaneous communication where both parties are senders and receivers.
  • Shannon-Weaver Model: Highlights noise and emphasizes encoding/decoding in message transmission.
  • Berlo's S-M-C-R Model: Involves source, message, channel, receiver, emphasizes encoding and decoding, focuses on context and communication skills.
  • Schramm's Model: Interactive model highlighting shared meaning, feedback loops, and communication as a reciprocal process.
  • Sender initiates communication, encodes a message (verbal, non-verbal, written).
  • Receiver decodes, interpreting the sender's meaning.
  • Message: Information conveyed, can be words, text, images, gestures.
  • Encoding: Sender translates thoughts into understandable form.
  • Decoding: Receiver interprets encoded message.
  • Channel: Medium of transmission (face-to-face, phone, email, text).
  • Feedback: Receiver's response indicating understanding, helps sender adjust communication.
  • Noise: Interference affecting message clarity (physical, semantic, psychological).
  • Context: Environmental, social, cultural factors influencing communication.
  • Models vary in perspective, but share elements.
  • Dynamic communication evolves with interaction.

How Communication Works

  • Initiation: Sender has a message to convey.
  • Encoding: Sender puts message into transmittable form.
  • Transmission: Message sent via chosen channel.
  • Reception: Receiver gets and decodes message.
  • Feedback: Receiver responds, completing communication loop.
  • Noise: Distractions or misinterpretations affecting clarity.
  • Context: Social, cultural and environmental factors.

Non-Verbal Communication

  • Conveys messages without words (body language, expressions, posture).

Technology-Mediated Communication

  • Uses technology to transmit messages (emails, texts, video calls, social media).

Interpersonal Communication

  • Exchange of thoughts/feelings between two+ people.

Group Communication

  • Interactions among three+ people in discussions/collaborations.

Public Speaking

  • Addressing a large audience with a specific purpose (inform, persuade, entertain).

Key Components of Communicative Competencies

  • Grammatical: Language rules, vocabulary, syntax.
  • Strategic: Using strategies to overcome challenges.
  • Pragmatic: Using appropriate language based on context (politeness, tone).
  • Non-Verbal: Proficiency in using non-verbal cues effectively.
  • Sociolinguistic: Awareness of social and cultural norms.
  • Discourse: Organizing and conveying coherent information.

Culture in Communication

  • Culture encompasses shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviors of a group.
  • Cultural awareness respects diversity and its impact on communication.

Avoiding Misunderstandings in Communication

  • Cultural differences can lead to misunderstandings.

Promoting Effective Communication

  • Adapt to cultural differences, aligning messages with norms.

Building Trust & Relationships

  • Cultural competence builds trust when backgrounds are acknowledged.

Enhancing Business & Global Relations

  • Cultural competence is vital for international success.

Protecting Diversity & Inclusion

  • Cultural awareness promotes inclusivity and valuing diverse perspectives.

Facilitating Interpersonal Relationships

  • Cultural awareness builds positive relationships.

The importance of open-mindedness

  • Encourages adaptation of methods.

Examples of Intercultural Communication

  • Language: Directness vs. indirectness preferences.
  • Non-Verbal: Differing gestures across cultures.
  • Social Norms: Varying expectations for greetings/formality.
  • Values and Customs: Cultural values shape communication styles.

Definition of Intercultural Communication

  • Refers to exchanging messages between different cultures.

Barriers and Solutions in Intercultural Communication:

  • Cultural Sensitivity Training: Improves understanding.
  • Active Listening: Reduces misinterpretations.
  • Adapting Communication Styles: Enhances clarity.
  • Building Cultural Competence: Minimizes misunderstandings.

Intercultural Communicative Competence

  • Effectively communicating across cultures through understanding and adapting strategies.

Critical Reading

  • Actively analyzing texts to understand, evaluate, and interpret arguments, assessing credibility.

Language Skill Focus

  • Reading analytical and evaluative essays.
  • Comprehending, analyzing, and evaluating arguments.

Theme: Responding to the 21st-Century Learning Environment

  • Adapting to modern education through technology and evolving pedagogy.

Content Area: Science and Mathematics

  • Using technology in science and math education.

Project Options

  • Create online campaigns, multimedia presentations, symposiums, projects, and more

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