Communication in Business

Barriers to Understanding in Face-to-Face Communication

• Potential barriers to understanding in face-to-face communication encounters include physical, psychological, and semantic barriers.
• Nonverbal cues can send up to 93% of information in a face-to-face encounter.

Transactional Process Model

• The transactional process model illustrates the dynamic and reciprocal nature of communication.
• It involves the simultaneous sending and receiving of messages.

Determinants of Career Success

• A major determinant of career success in many fields is effective communication.

Purposes of Communication

• The three basic purposes of communication are to inform, persuade, and entertain.
• Communication in the workplace serves to exchange information, resolve conflicts, and build relationships.

Communication Flows

• Downward communication flows from supervisor to employee, policy makers to operating personnel, or from top to bottom on the organizational chart.
• Upward communication involves employees providing feedback to supervisors or managers.
• Lateral communication involves interactions between organizational units on the same hierarchical level.

Grapevine and Formal Communication

• The grapevine is an informal communication network that exists in organizations.
• The purpose of the grapevine is to fill the gaps in formal communication.
• One advantage of using the grapevine for communication is that it allows for faster dissemination of information.
• The formal communication network is used to achieve organizational goals and objectives.

Importance of Checking for Understanding

• It is important to check for understanding when communicating important messages to unfamiliar audiences to avoid misunderstandings.

Physical Interferences in Communication

• Physical interferences can disrupt the communication process.

Communication Levels and Networks

• Organizational charts often fail to recognize communication relationships between units.
• Horizontal communication involves interactions between organizational units on the same hierarchical level.
• Internal messages are intended for recipients within the organization.
• The grapevine is a type of communication network that is commonly referred to as 'the grapevine'.

Contextual Forces Influencing Communication

• The four important contextual forces that influence the communication process today are globalization, technology, diversity, and ethics.

Goals of Communication

• The purpose of organizational communication is to achieve organizational goals and objectives.
• The role of interpersonal communication is to build relationships, resolve conflicts, and exchange information.
• Intraperasonal communication involves self-reflection and personal growth.

Communication in Groups

• Cross-disciplinary teams are used in organizations to bring together people with diverse expertise.
• Effective meeting management involves planning, facilitating, and following up on meetings.
• Trust and disclosure are essential in building strong relationships in business communication.
• Nonverbal messages can convey attitudes, emotions, and intentions.

Factors Affecting Group and Team Communication

• Factors that can affect group and team communication include team size, diversity, and conflict.
• Odd numbers of members are often preferred in groups to avoid deadlocks.
• The concept of trust and disclosure relates to building strong relationships in business communication.

Interpersonal Intelligence

• Interpersonal intelligence involves the ability to understand and navigate complex social relationships.
• The two basic need levels associated with interpersonal intelligence are affiliation and intimacy.
• Interpersonal intelligence is characterized by empathy, persuasion, and conflict management.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

• The three upper-level needs that people progress to satisfy are self-esteem, belonging, and self-actualization.