Communicable Diseases Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the incubation period for Cholera?

  • 6-15 days
  • From a few hours to 5 days (average of 3 days) (correct)
  • Usually 1 - 3 weeks, average: 2weeks
  • 1 day - 5 yrs. (humans)

    • What is the incubation period for Typhoid Fever?

  • Usually 1 - 3 weeks, average: 2weeks (correct)
  • 6-15 days
  • From a few hours to 5 days (average of 3 days)
  • 1 day - 5 yrs. (humans)

    • What is the incubation period for Leptospirosis?

  • 1 day - 5 yrs. (humans)
  • Usually 1 - 3 weeks, average: 2weeks
  • From a few hours to 5 days (average of 3 days)
  • 6-15 days (correct)

    • What is the incubation period for Rabies?

    <p>1 day - 5 yrs. (humans)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incubation period for Dengue?

    <p>3- 14 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incubation period for Poliomyelitis?

    <p>7-14 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incubation period for Meningitis?

    <p>3-6 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incubation period for Gonorrhea?

    <p>2-3 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incubation period for Schistosomiasis?

    <p>About 2-6 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incubation period for Syphilis?

    <p>10-90 days, average of 3-6 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incubation period for Filariasis?

    <p>8-16 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is regarded as one of the founding fathers of modern epidemiology and discovered how Cholera was spread in London?

    <p>Dr. John Snow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the causative agent for Cholera?

    <p>Vibrio cholerae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the causative agent for Typhoid Fever?

    <p>Salmonella enterica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the causative agent for Leprosy?

    <p>Mycobacterium leprae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the causative agent for Rabies?

    <p>Rhabdovirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the causative agent for Poliomyelitis?

    <p>Poliovirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the causative agent for Meningitis?

    <p>Neisseria meningitides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the causative agent for Dengue?

    <p>Dengue Virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the causative agent for Leptospirosis?

    <p>Leptospira interrogans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the causative agent for Gonorrhea?

    <p>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the causative agent for Schistosomiasis?

    <p>Schistosoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the causative agent for Syphilis?

    <p>Treponema pallidum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the causative agent for Filariasis?

    <p>Wuchereria bancrofti</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is currently a vaccine available for Hepatitis C.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is currently a vaccine available for Rabies.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is currently a vaccine available for Tetanus.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is currently a vaccine available for Gonorrhea.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is currently a vaccine available for Schistosomiasis.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is currently a vaccine available for Malaria.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is currently a vaccine available for Poliomyelitis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is currently a vaccine available for Filariasis.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is currently a vaccine available for Meningitis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Exam Week 18

    • Dr. John Snow is considered a pioneer of modern epidemiology, investigating cholera transmission in London.
    • Cholera is sometimes referred to as the "blue death" due to the severe dehydration and bluish skin discoloration in victims.
    • The causative agent of Cholera is Vibrio cholera.
    • The incubation period for cholera typically ranges from a few hours to 5 days (average 3 days).
    • Vibrio cholera is contagious as long as it's present in the stool.

    Communicable Diseases

    • Final topics include Cholera, Dysentery, Typhoid Fever, Hepatitis, Leprosy, Tetanus, Poliomyelitis, Meningitis, Red Tide poisoning, Schistosomiasis, Rabies, Pediculosis, Bubonic Plague, Anthrax, Helminthes, Candidiasis, Chlamydia, Herpes, Infectious Mononucleosis, Gonorrhea, Syphilis, AIDS, and cancers of the central nervous system, breast, gastrointestinal tract, and blood.
    • Specific diseases like Hepatitis A, B, and C were discussed, along with their modes of transmission (fecal-oral, percutaneous, sexual contact, mother to child).
    • Complications of chronic hepatitis include cirrhosis.

    Hepatitis

    • Infectious hepatitis is identical to catarrhal-jaundice hepatitis.
    • Hepatitis B and C transmission is primarily through percutaneous and sexual contact, as well as from mother to child.
    • Hepatitis A transmission is predominantly via fecal-oral route.

    Cholera

    • Clinical manifestations include watery stools (rice-watery stool), vomiting, and a rapid onset of severe dehydration.
    • Medical treatment focuses on fluid replacement and correction of dehydration, with antibiotics like tetracycline sometimes being used as a treatment option.
    • Proper nursing management involves observing and assessing the patient.

    Dysentery

    • Various types (bacterial, bacillary, amoebic) exhibit abdominal pain and diarrhea, possibly with mucus and blood.
    • Treatment can include antibiotics (e.g., cotrimoxazole for bacterial dysentery, metronidazole for amoebic dysentery).

    Typhoid Fever

    • The causative agent is Salmonella.
    • Transmission is typically through the fecal-oral route (ingestion of contaminated food or water).
    • Symptoms such as gradual onset, anorexia, abdominal pain, and bradycardia/constipation may be observed in patients.

    Leprosy

    • A chronic disease of the skin, peripheral nerves and nasal mucosa.
    • Spread through close contact and droplets.
    • Multibacillary (MB) type involves numerous skin lesions, while Paucibacillary (PB) type displays fewer lesions.
    • Treatment usually involves multi-drug therapy (MDT).

    Parasitic Infestations

    • Scabies is an infestation of the skin by Sarcoptes scabiei mites, causing intense itching and superficial burrows, especially between the fingers, surface of the wrist and in axilla.
    • Pediculosis is the presence of lice, and is treated with permethrin or pyrethrine compounds.

    Additional Information

    • Filippo Pacini distinguished Vibrio cholera, and Waldemar Haffkine created the first cholera vaccine in 1892.
    • Other communicable diseases covered in the lecture notes include tetanus, poliomyelitis, and meningitis.

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    Description

    This quiz covers essential information on communicable diseases, including cholera, its causative agent Vibrio cholera, and the transmission methods of various other diseases. Understand key concepts such as symptoms, incubation periods, and methods of prevention for diseases ranging from hepatitis to rabies.

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