29 Questions
What is the definition of anticancer agents?
Drugs used to treat cancer or neoplastic disease
What is the main difference between cytotoxic and cytostatic anticancer drugs?
Cytotoxic drugs exhibit strong anticancer effects, while cytostatic drugs show low sensitivity rates in drug sensitivity tests
Which of the following is an example of an anticancer agent?
Bleomycin
Which type of anticancer drug shows better survival benefits for patients?
Cytostatic anticancer drugs
What is the main drawback of cytotoxic anticancer drugs?
They easily induce multidrug resistance (MDR) and are often useless in terms of a patient's survival benefits
What is the main enzyme responsible for the catabolism of 5-FU?
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase
What is the major human metabolite of 5-FU?
alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine
Which metabolite of 6-Mercaptopurine requires bioactivation by Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase?
6-MPMP
What role does Fluorine play in 5-FU's mechanism of action?
Blocks the conversion of uridylate to thymidylate
Which process leads to inhibition of synthesis and function of DNA and RNA by 5-FU?
Incorporation into growing chains
What is involved in the alkylation of DNA?
Abstraction of the NH proton followed by rearrangement
What is the primary mechanism of action for cyclophosphamide?
Cell cycle–nonspecific alkylating agent
Which of the following is a major metabolite of cyclophosphamide?
Phosphoramide mustard
Which of the following is responsible for bladder toxicity associated with cyclophosphamide?
Acrolein
What is the primary reason for co-administering mesna with cyclophosphamide?
To reduce bladder toxicity
Which of the following is true about ifosfamide compared to cyclophosphamide?
It has a higher risk of neurotoxicity
What is the primary cause of neurotoxicity associated with ifosfamide?
Production of chloroacetaldehyde
What is the main reason gemcitabine is considered a potent radiosensitizer?
It enhances the cytotoxicity of cisplatin
Which characteristic of cladribine contributes to its efficacy in treating chronic lymphocytic leukemia and nonHodgkin’s lymphoma?
Presence of a 2-chloro group on the adenine ring
How does leucovorin (folinic acid) enhance the antitumor activity of 5-fluorouracil?
Enhances the formation of ara-CTP metabolites
Which interaction is associated with pretreatment with methotrexate?
Enhancing the formation of ara-CTP metabolites
What adverse effect is associated with the combination of fludarabine and pentostatin?
Increased incidence of fatal pulmonary toxicity
Which property of gemcitabine prevents it from crossing the blood-brain barrier effectively?
Metabolism into 2 , 2 -difluorouridine (dFdU)
What is the primary metabolite of Taxol (paclitaxel) and how is it formed?
6-hydroxypaclitaxel, formed by CYP3A4
Which enzyme is responsible for the para hydroxylation of Taxol's phenyl group?
CYP3A4
Which patients are more likely to have a greater degree of para hydroxy metabolite of Taxol due to metabolism differences?
Patients with liver disease
What is the mechanism of action of epipodophyllotoxins, derivatives of podophyllotoxin?
Inhibition of microtubule function
What is the major route of metabolism for Irinotecan when used in colon cancer treatment?
Conjugation reactions in phase II metabolism
Which antineoplastic drug leads to the formation of stereoisomeric hydroxyoxazolidinones and an oxazolidinedione as part of its metabolism?
Docetaxel
Learn about the top ten most common types of cancer such as leukemia, myeloma, and lymphoma, along with different types of cancer treatments like chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy. Explore the definition and categories of anticancer agents used in the treatment of cancer.
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