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Questions and Answers
What are common adverse effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in elderly individuals?
What are common adverse effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in elderly individuals?
- Gastrointestinal bleeding and electrolyte disturbance (correct)
- Hypertension and confusion
- Weight loss and appetite suppression
- Osteoporosis and hyperglycemia
Which drug is associated with the need for monitoring prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR)?
Which drug is associated with the need for monitoring prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR)?
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
- Benzodiazepines
- Diuretics
- Warfarin (correct)
In elderly patients, what potential adverse effect can arise from the use of benzodiazepines?
In elderly patients, what potential adverse effect can arise from the use of benzodiazepines?
- Gastrointestinal bleeding
- Drowsiness and confusion (correct)
- Electrolyte disturbance
- Hyperglycemia
Which of the following is NOT a common adverse effect associated with opiates in elderly patients?
Which of the following is NOT a common adverse effect associated with opiates in elderly patients?
What monitoring is generally recommended for patients using diuretics?
What monitoring is generally recommended for patients using diuretics?
Which of the following is a recommended monitoring guideline for hypoglycemic agents?
Which of the following is a recommended monitoring guideline for hypoglycemic agents?
What adverse effect is connected with the use of antidepressants like amitriptyline in the elderly?
What adverse effect is connected with the use of antidepressants like amitriptyline in the elderly?
What possible adverse effect do angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors like lisinopril pose for elderly patients?
What possible adverse effect do angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors like lisinopril pose for elderly patients?
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Study Notes
Drugs Commonly Causing Problems in Elderly
- Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
- Examples: ibuprofen, naproxen
- Adverse Effects: Gastrointestinal bleeding, renal dysfunction, hypotension, dehydration, electrolyte disturbance, bleeding, drug interactions
- Diuretics
- Examples: hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide
- Adverse Effects: Hypotension, dehydration, electrolyte disturbance, bleeding, drug interactions
- Warfarin
- Adverse Effects: Bleeding, drug interactions
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE Inhibitors)
- Examples: lisinopril
- Adverse Effects: Hypotension, renal dysfunction
- Antidepressants
- Examples: amitriptyline
- Adverse Effects: Confusion, hypotension, constipation
- Opiates
- Examples: morphine
- Adverse Effects: Confusion, disorientation, constipation, osteoporosis, gastrointestinal problems, hyperglycemia
- Prednisone
- Adverse Effects: Osteoporosis, gastrointestinal problems, hyperglycemia
- Benzodiazepines
- Examples: lorazepam
- Adverse Effects: Drowsiness, confusion
Monitoring Guidelines for Medication Use
- Acetaminophen (over 4 grams per day)
- Monitoring: Hepatic function tests
- Aminoglycosides
- Monitoring: Serum creatinine, drug levels
- Hypoglycemic Agents
- Monitoring: Blood sugar levels
- Older Antiepileptic Agents
- Monitoring: Drug levels
- Older Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE Inhibitors)
- Monitoring: Drug levels
- Antipsychotic Agents
- Monitoring: Extrapyramidal adverse effects, weight, appetite
- Appetite Stimulants
- Monitoring: Weight, appetite
- Statins
- Monitoring: Hepatic function tests
- Theophylline
- Monitoring: Drug levels
- Digoxin
- Monitoring: Serum creatinine, drug levels
- Diuretics
- Monitoring: Potassium levels
- Erythropoiesis Stimulants
- Monitoring: Blood pressure, iron and ferritin levels, complete blood count (CBC)
- Fibrates
- Monitoring: Hepatic function test, complete blood count, iron and ferritin levels, complete blood count
- Lithium
- Monitoring: Drug levels
- Niacin (B3)
- Monitoring: Blood sugar levels
- Thyroid Replacement
- Monitoring: Thyroid function tests
- Warfarin
- Monitoring: Prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR)
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