Colonial Systems and Mercantilism Quiz

The act of claiming land and establishing colonies for the benefit of a mother country.

A territory controlled by a different country, used by the controlling country.

A colony used for trading resources, with few permanent residents.

A colony built with permanent settlers for resource exploitation.

The country that controls a colony or territory.

Quebec City, established in 1608 by Samuel de Champlain.

First governor of New France and founder of Quebec City.

The first fortified trading post in Quebec City.

Established by the French to manage the fur trade in 1627.

To profit from the fur trade, and establish a foothold in North America.

An economic system where a country's power is based on its gold supply, achieved by exporting more than it imports. Colonies provide raw materials, while the mother country manufactures and sells finished goods.

The most important economic activity for exports in a place and at a time, the primary source of income/wealth.

Fish and whaling were the initial most important economic activities in New France.

Colonies under mercantilism were extremely dependent on the mother country for economic survival. Manufacturing/production in the colony was discouraged; all goods came from the mother country.

Colonies provided raw materials to the mother country in a mercantilist system.

A land distribution system used in New France, where land was granted to seigneurs who then sub-divided it into smaller plots, called censives, which were rented to tenant farmers known as censitaires.

A landowner who owned a seigneury and granted smaller plots, called censives, to tenant farmers.

A small plot of land that was rented from a seigneur by a censitaire.

A tenant farmer who rented a censive from a seigneur, growing crops and paying rent.

The Seigneur had duties to the king, the church, and the censitaires. This included maintaining order, collecting taxes, and providing essential services like a flour mill.

The Censitaire (tenant) had to work the land, pay rent and taxes, and provide free labor for the Seigneur, in addition to paying the church tithe.

The Seigneur had rights to the front row at church, received rent and free labor, and was granted land by the king.

The Censitaire was granted land to farm, the right to use the common mill, and the protection of the Seigneur, keeping any profits.

The Seigneurial system divided the land into sections: Seigneur's land, common land, church land, and house/buildings, with a mill for processing crops.

An economic system where New France exploited the fur trade to generate wealth for France. Indigenous people hunted furs, French traders brought them back to France, and artisans transformed them into hats sold across Europe, generating gold for France.

A company granted a monopoly over the fur trade in New France by the King of France in 1627. They were supposed to bring settlers and develop the colony but focused mostly on profit from the fur trade.

The French government granted a company exclusive rights to trade furs in New France, ensuring maximum profit for the Crown and the company. This ensured a steady flow of wealth back to France even though settling New France was a secondary priority.

The Company of 100 Associates prioritized profit from the fur trade over settling New France. This resulted in a small population even though the King expected settlers to develop the colony.

The King of France sought to exploit the fur trade for wealth. He granted a monopoly to a company and expected them to settle the colony, but the focus remained on profits, resulting in a limited population.

The French sought to establish trade partnerships with Indigenous groups to acquire furs, a valuable commodity in Europe.

The French sent missionaries to live among the Indigenous and convert them to Christianity.

A powerful group of Indigenous nations who became rivals to the French due to French alliances with other Indigenous groups.

The alliance between the Iroquois and the British resulted in attacks on French settlements, hindering French expansion and control over the fur trade.

The rivalry between France and England for control of the North American fur trade led to conflicts between their respective allies, including Indigenous groups.

The expansion of New France in 1745 caused conflict with the Thirteen Colonies, as both sought profits from the fur trade and control over westward expansion.

The Thirteen Colonies wanted to expand westward, but New France's expansion blocked their path, limiting their access to fur trading territory.

The Thirteen Colonies felt threatened by New France's growing influence and expansion westward. They feared losing access to valuable fur trading areas.

The conflict between New France and the Thirteen Colonies ultimately led to the conquest of New France in 1760, a significant turning point in North American history.

New France's expansion westward for fur trade generated conflict with the Thirteen Colonies, as they also sought to control this profitable industry.

The Huron people were crucial to the early fur trade in New France because they lived in the Great Lakes region, which had abundant fur resources, and they were initially allied with the French.

The Iroquois, allied with the English, sought to eliminate the Hurons from the fur trade, which led to the destruction of Huronia in 1649.

After the destruction of Huronia, the French needed new trading partners, which led them to explore further into North America and expand their territory.

The fur trade, while fueling early growth, also led to territorial expansion and ultimately competition with the British colonies, leading to conflict.

The fur trade in New France had both positive and negative consequences, including conflict among Indigenous groups, territorial expansion, and increased competition with the British.