Colonial Expansion and the Suez Canal

<p>Sierra Leone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A combination of diplomacy and warfare. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Warfare as Africans resisted takeover. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>France (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A settler colony attracting diverse immigrants. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Declaration of independence from Spain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide for the orderly colonization of Africa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>East Asia faced greater competition among European powers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Boer Wars (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both aimed to extract resources and wealth. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They divided societies and created rivalries. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent European intervention and influence in the Americas. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased European dominance in territories across the globe. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Congo River (B), The Niger River (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Concentration camps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>France (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Competition for natural resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High mortality rate due to starvation and disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Control and utilization of land by settlers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exploitation of indigenous labor. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hiring of low-wage labor for raw material extraction. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loss of indigenous culture and potential genocide. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Soil depletion and environmental damage. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weakening of local governments under foreign control. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Forced conversion to Western ideologies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Expansion of the Russian Empire through annexation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To control the trade in spices and gems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Seven Years' War (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sepoys (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Taiping Rebellion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flooding from the Yellow River (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They carved out spheres of influence for trade (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increase in foreign intervention (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Areas including Pakistan, Kashmir, and Sri Lanka (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To establish the Americas as free from European colonization. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As a hostile act against the U.S. interests. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Spanish-American War (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Taking control of Puerto Rico and the Philippines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The U.S. would oppose interference in independent nations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The U.S. has no plans to interfere with them. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It established a protective stance against European interference. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The rise of nationalism in Latin America. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 100-mile-long canal connecting the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea, completed in 1869, dramatically shortening the route to Asia.

Forced laborers, unpaid workers who were compelled to work on projects as a form of taxation, often under harsh conditions.

The act of taking control of a country or region by force, often through military intervention.

A colony where European settlers were encouraged to immigrate and establish permanent residency, displacing and often subjugating the indigenous population.

The process by which European powers acquired control of African territories through various methods, including treaties, diplomacy, and military force.

A treaty signed with African rulers, initially intended to protect their sovereignty and trade rights, but later used by European powers to justify expansion.

A form of resistance by African populations to the encroachment and control by European powers, often met with overwhelming military force.

The use of military strength and overwhelming force to achieve political objectives, often resulting in the repression of the indigenous population.

The British East India Company (EIC) gradually took control of India, expanding from coastal trading posts to the entire subcontinent.

Native Indian soldiers employed by the British East India Company, who were eventually instrumental in the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857.

A global conflict between Britain and France, resulting in British dominance in India, leaving France with limited influence.

A period of European economic dominance in China, where European countries established exclusive trading rights and access to resources within designated areas.

A massive rebellion against the Qing dynasty in China (1850-1864), led by Hong Xiuquan and a diverse group.

The devastating impact of the Yellow River changing course, resulting in floods, droughts, famine, and the bubonic plague in China during the Taiping Rebellion.

China experienced European economic dominance, but it retained its own government and sovereignty unlike South Asia.

The British East India Company's use of native Indian soldiers, initially to protect British interests but later contributing to widespread discontent.

A meeting of European powers in 1884-1885 to divide up Africa into colonies, without any African participation.

The Dutch-speaking descendants of 17th-century Dutch settlers in South Africa, who clashed with the British over land and resources.

A series of wars between the British and the Afrikaners (Boers) in South Africa from 1880-1881 and 1899-1902 over land and resources.

Segregated camps during the Boer Wars, where Afrikaners and Africans were imprisoned by the British, facing harsh conditions and high mortality rates.

The process of drawing artificial borders in Africa during colonization, disregarding existing societies and tribes.

The use of forced labor by European colonial powers in Africa, often under harsh conditions.

The actions of European powers in Africa that led to the loss of African sovereignty and control over their own resources.

The Monroe Doctrine declared that European powers should not attempt to colonize or interfere in the affairs of independent nations in the Western Hemisphere. The United States would consider such actions as a threat to its peace and security.

The statement that the United States would not interfere with existing European colonies in the Western Hemisphere implies that the Monroe Doctrine was primarily focused on preventing further European expansion, not challenging existing colonial holdings.

While the Monroe Doctrine primarily focused on preventing European colonization, its underlying goal was to promote US influence and protect its interests in the Western Hemisphere, setting the stage for future US expansionism.

The Spanish-American War marked a shift in US foreign policy, as the country sought to acquire territories and expand its influence beyond its borders. The acquisition of the Philippines, a former Spanish colony in Asia, demonstrated this imperial ambition.

The cartoon uses caricatures to exaggerate the physical features and personalities of the global powers, depicting them as greedy and self-serving individuals eager to exploit China. This portrayal emphasizes the perceived threat of Western imperialism to Chinese sovereignty.

A system of control where a foreign power exploits a region's raw materials and cheap labor, weakening local governance and causing social and environmental damage.

The expansion of the Russian Empire during Empress Catherine II's reign, involving the annexation of Polish territory and gains against the Ottoman Empire.

The forceful control of a territory by a foreign power, often using military force and political manipulation to impose Western values and policies.

A colony established in British West Africa, characterized by imperial control and exploitation of resources and labor, leading to significant societal impacts.

A colony established in what is now the Democratic Republic of Congo, characterized by brutal exploitation under Belgian rule, leading to widespread suffering and human rights abuses.

A colony established in Algeria by the French, characterized by military occupation and exploitation, impacting the local population through economic hardship and cultural suppression.

The Monroe Doctrine was a policy statement issued by President James Monroe in 1823, declaring that the United States would oppose any attempts by European powers to colonize or interfere in the affairs of independent nations in the Americas. It reflected the growing American nationalism and the desire to secure the Western Hemisphere from European influence.

The context of the Monroe Doctrine was the wave of independence movements in Latin America, which had successfully broken free from Spanish colonial rule. The United States, seeing an opportunity to expand its own influence in the region, sought to prevent European powers from reasserting their control.

The shift in state power between 1750 and 1900 was a dynamic process characterized by the rise of new empires, the decline of old powers, and the emergence of new ideologies. European powers, particularly Britain, expanded their influence through colonialism, while other empires, like the Ottoman Empire and China, faced decline. This period also witnessed the rise of nationalism and the formation of new nation-states, leading to a reshaping of the global political landscape.

One historical development represented in the cartoon is the increase in European imperialism, particularly in Asia. This development is shown through the presence of various European powers controlling different parts of Asia, symbolized by the European figures surrounding the globe.

One reason why China was unable to withstand European imperialism is the weakening of its own dynasty (Qing) during the 19th century. Internal problems like rebellions, corruption, and technological backwardness made China vulnerable to European military and economic pressure.