Colonial Era Study Guide

Questions and Answers

How did mercantilism influence the establishment of colonies?

Focused solely on local trade between colonies

Limited the types of goods that could be produced

Encouraged colonies to import more than they exported

Promoted the sale of raw materials to the mother country (correct)

Which of the following colonies were part of the New England region?

Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina

Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut (correct)

Georgia, South Carolina, New Jersey

New York, Delaware, Pennsylvania

Who founded Pennsylvania?

George Washington

Thomas Jefferson

William Penn (correct)

John Smith

What characterized the economy of the Southern Colonies?

Production of cash crops like tobacco and indigo Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Bacon's Rebellion?

Created a desire for the government to represent all colonists Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes Salutary Neglect?

Colonies were allowed a degree of self-governance Signup and view all the answers

What was the Great Awakening?

A religious movement emphasizing emotional experiences Signup and view all the answers

What was the Middle Passage?

The journey of enslaved Africans to the Americas Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributed to relations with Native Americans in the Southern Colonies?

Conflict over land as farms expanded Signup and view all the answers

What does 'mercantilism' primarily focus on?

Maximizing exports and minimizing imports for national benefit Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Mercantilism and Colonies

Mercantilism aimed to increase a mother country's wealth by exporting more than it imported.
The establishment of colonies provided raw materials to the mother country, enhancing its economic power.

New England Colonies

Comprised of Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Connecticut.
Economic activities included shipbuilding, trading, and fishing.
Primarily inhabited by Puritans seeking religious freedom.
Initial peaceful relations with Native Americans deteriorated, culminating in King Philip's War.

Middle Colonies (Mid-Atlantic)

Included New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and New Jersey.
Predominantly settled by Quakers who promoted equality and pacifism.
Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn as a haven for religious freedom.

Southern Colonies

Composed of Georgia, North Carolina, Maryland, and Virginia.
Economy relied heavily on large plantations that cultivated tobacco and indigo.
Relations with Native Americans remained peaceful until agricultural expansion necessitated more land.

Bacon's Rebellion

A revolt highlighting colonial discontent prompting demands for government support for all colonists.
Led to increased trade among colonies and economic interdependence.
Involved Virginia settlers and leader Nathaniel Bacon seeking land and protection.

Salutary Neglect

Refers to the British government's relaxed enforcement of regulations, allowing colonies greater self-governance.
Enabled trading autonomy, particularly in New England, fostering economic growth.

Great Awakening

A significant religious movement that emphasized personal faith and emotional expression in religion, impacting colonial society.

Transatlantic Slave Trade

Involved the exchange of goods and labor between Africa, Europe, and the Americas.
The Middle Passage described the brutal transportation of enslaved Africans to America.
Cultures blended through commerce, with African and European influences merging.
Indentured servitude, which involved debt bondage, contrasted with lifelong slavery.
Cash crops drove the agricultural economy, significantly influencing trade patterns and dynamics.

Description

Explore the significance of mercantilism and its impact on the establishment of the New England colonies in this comprehensive study guide. Learn about key economic activities, prominent settlers like the Puritans, and the changing dynamics with Native Americans in the region.