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Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements best describes colligative properties?
Which of the following statements best describes colligative properties?
- They are physical properties that depend on the nature of the solute.
- They are properties of solutions that depend on the solvent only.
- They are chemical properties that depend on the type of solute.
- They are physical properties of solutions that depend on the quantity of solute. (correct)
What distinguishes an electrolyte from a nonelectrolyte in solution?
What distinguishes an electrolyte from a nonelectrolyte in solution?
- Nonelectrolytes change the boiling point of the solution more than electrolytes.
- Electrolytes are more soluble than nonelectrolytes.
- Electrolytes conduct electricity in solution, while nonelectrolytes do not. (correct)
- Nonelectrolytes form ions in solution, while electrolytes do not.
What happens to vapor pressure when a nonvolatile solute is added to a liquid?
What happens to vapor pressure when a nonvolatile solute is added to a liquid?
- The vapor pressure stays the same.
- The vapor pressure fluctuates.
- The vapor pressure decreases. (correct)
- The vapor pressure increases.
If one mole of an electrolyte is dissolved in water, what typically occurs?
If one mole of an electrolyte is dissolved in water, what typically occurs?
Which of the following statements is true concerning colligative properties?
Which of the following statements is true concerning colligative properties?
Flashcards
Colligative Properties
Colligative Properties
Properties of a solution that depend on solute amount, not identity.
Electrolytes
Electrolytes
Substances that form conductive solutions by dissociating into ions.
Vapor Pressure Lowering
Vapor Pressure Lowering
Decrease in vapor pressure when a nonvolatile solute is added to a solvent.
Nonelectrolytes
Nonelectrolytes
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Osmotic Pressure
Osmotic Pressure
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Study Notes
Colligative Properties of Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes
- Colligative properties are physical properties of a solution that depend on the amount of solute, not the nature of the solute. Similar amounts of different solutes can change these properties.
- Colligative properties include vapor pressure lowering, boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, and osmotic pressure.
- Electrolytes are substances that form solutions capable of conducting electricity. These solutions are called electrolytic solutions.
- Nonelectrolytes are substances that do not form electrolytic solutions.
- Electrolytes dissociate into more solutes in a solution, which significantly changes colligative properties.
- Nonelectrolytes do not dissociate into more particles, so changes in colligative properties are small compared to electrolytes.
- When an electrolyte dissolves in a solvent (like water), it separates into ions or other conductive species. One mole of electrolyte can yield two or more moles of conductive species.
- When a nonvolatile (does not easily vaporize) solute is added to a liquid, the vapor pressure above the solution decreases.
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