Collective Consciousness, Effervescence & Marx's View of Religion Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What did Marx believe would happen to religion after a significant societal change?

It would become more powerful

It would adapt to modern life

It would disappear (correct)

It would become more spiritual

What is the main idea behind Weber's perspective on capitalism?

Working hard and saving money are key to capitalism (correct)

Capitalism thrives on religious beliefs

Being disciplined is not important for a capitalist society

Capitalism leads to the disappearance of religion

How does Nancy Ammerman's perspective differ from the idea of religion disappearing?

She thinks religion will become more powerful

She believes religion will disappear completely

She advocates for a return to traditional religious beliefs

She questions the idea of religion disappearing (correct)

What is the concept of 'Collective Effervescence' related to?

Feeling excited in group activities Signup and view all the answers

What do Orthodox Jewish women represent in terms of religious responses to secularization?

Pushing back against non-religious ideas Signup and view all the answers

How does Marx view religion in terms of its role in society?

As a control tool used by the powerful Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a standardized interview?

To collect standardized information efficiently Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of sensitizing concepts in research?

To guide understanding and analysis Signup and view all the answers

Why is planning interviews considered important for research?

To achieve good results Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the interview process according to the text?

Ensuring participants are central to the research Signup and view all the answers

What does open coding involve in grounded theory?

Sorting data into groups Signup and view all the answers

How do sensitizing concepts contribute to data analysis?

By keeping an open mind and guiding understanding Signup and view all the answers

What is Moral Panic defined as?

A term used to describe people overreacting to something relatively minor Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of Sanctions in the context provided?

Punishing individuals for rule-breaking Signup and view all the answers

What concept is associated with Disciplinary Social Control?

The idea of a Panopticon prison Signup and view all the answers

Functionalist Approaches view society as:

A machine that requires smooth operation Signup and view all the answers

Critical Approaches focus on:

Understanding why people from different social classes commit crimes Signup and view all the answers

Feminist Approaches examine:

The influence of gender on criminal behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of McCabe's research?

Exploring the impact of friendship groups on college students. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes 'Tight-Knitters' friendship groups?

Everyone knows each other well, resembling a close-knit family. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes 'Compartmentalizers' friendship groups from 'Tight-Knitters'?

Members have smaller circles of friends that do not intermingle. Signup and view all the answers

What defines 'Samplers' friendship groups?

Includes friends who may not be supportive or engaged in academics. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the text, what does 'Coding' refer to?

Sorting data to discover connections. Signup and view all the answers

Why are 'Samplers' potentially able to perform well academically despite unhelpful friends?

They avoid bad influences and focus on their studies. Signup and view all the answers

Which approach is primarily focused on finding patterns and big ideas?

Sociology Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential risks of sharing identities with interviewees in research?

Loss of objectivity and risk of bias Signup and view all the answers

Which method uses participants' exact words as codes?

In vivo coding Signup and view all the answers

What is a common concern regarding the impact of values, beliefs, and identities in quantitative research?

It is less direct but still important Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between codes and themes in research?

Codes are labels for data segments, while themes are the big ideas from data Signup and view all the answers

Which approach to coding involves using predetermined categories?

Structured coding Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Research Methods

Using concepts helps analyze data
Interview process involves different designs, focusing on participants, and planning for good results
Data analysis requires time, can't be rushed, and involves coding and sorting data into groups

Interview Design

Tailored interviews are designed for each project, avoiding mistakes and ensuring accuracy in transcripts
Standardized interviews follow a set structure, collecting standardized information efficiently, often used in quantitative research

Key Concepts

Collective consciousness: shared beliefs of a group
Collective effervescence: feeling excited in group activities
Marx's view of religion: religion comes from feeling disconnected and keeps some people powerful

Weber's Protestant Ethic and Capitalism

Main idea: working hard and saving money helped make capitalism
Key points: working hard, saving, and being disciplined make you a good person

Religious Responses to Secularization

Main idea: religions either change or push back against non-religious ideas
Key points: changing to fit with non-religious life, pushing back against non-religious ideas

Nancy Ammerman's Perspective

Main idea: questions ideas about religion disappearing
Key points: asks different questions, talks about how religion changes

Overall

Main idea: religion does different things for society and people
Key points: mixes with spirituality, thinks about new spiritual things, changes with modern life and people being more independent

Moral Panic

Definition: everyone freaking out over something that's not really that big of a deal
Example: people getting scared that violent video games will make kids violent in real life

Sanctions

Definition: stuff that happens when you break the rules
Positive vs. Negative: getting a reward for doing what you're supposed to vs. getting punished for not doing it
Informal vs. Formal: friends giving you the cold shoulder vs. the police giving you a ticket

Definition: ways society keeps things in order
Surveillance: keeping an eye on people to stop them from doing bad stuff
Panopticon: a prison where guards can watch everyone all the time
Normalization: making everyone act the same way by giving rewards or punishments
Examination: testing to see if people are following the rules

Functionalist Approaches

Definition: looking at society like a machine that needs to run smoothly
Social Disorganization Theory: crime happens more in places where people don't know each other well
Strain Theory: people break the rules when they can't get what they want the right way

Critical Approaches

Definition: thinking about who has power and who doesn't when people break the rules
Crimes of Accommodation: poor people stealing to get by
"Street Crime" vs. White Collar Crime: crimes by poor people vs. rich people

Feminist Approaches

Definition: seeing how gender affects why people break rules
Building on Previous Research: McCabe's research adds to what we already know by looking at how the shape of friendship groups affects students in college
Differences in Friendship Network Types: Tight-Knitters, Compartmentalizers, and Samplers

Research Process

Coding and Memos: sorting data to find connections, writing down thoughts and ideas
Differences Between Sociological Research and Journalism: looking for patterns and big ideas vs. telling stories and reporting news
Benefits and Drawbacks of Sharing Identities with Interviewees: builds trust and deeper insights, but risks bias and loss of objectivity
Concerns About Identity Impact in Quantitative Research: less direct but still important
Considering Impact of Values, Beliefs, and Identities: thinking about biases from the beginning, reflecting, and staying fair and honest
Codes vs. Themes: labels for data segments vs. big ideas from data
Open Coding vs. Structured Coding: flexible way of sorting data vs. using predetermined categories
In Vivo Coding: using participants' exact words as codes
Tools for Coding: examples include NVivo, Dedoose, Excel, or Word

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Test your knowledge on topics such as collective consciousness, collective effervescence, and Marx's view of religion including its main ideas, key points, and role as a control tool and coping mechanism.