Collagen and Connective Tissue
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of the organic substance of bone does collagen constitute?

  • 95%
  • 90% (correct)
  • 70%
  • 80%

What is the primary function of the ground substance in bone?

  • to regulate bone growth
  • to serve as a cement substance (correct)
  • to facilitate bone repair
  • to provide structural support

Which of the following is NOT a minor inorganic component of bone?

  • Silicon (correct)
  • Magnesium
  • Calcium
  • Bicarbonate

What type of bone is predominantly found in the diaphysis of long bones?

<p>Compact bone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the periosteum?

<p>to provide structural support (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the unit of structure of a compact bone?

<p>Haversian system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the lenticular cavities that contain osteocytes?

<p>Lacunae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the osteocytes?

<p>to maintain bone homeostasis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of basophils in the body?

<p>To mediate immediate hypersensitivity response (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of basophils under a light microscope?

<p>Coarse, purple/black specific granules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes?

<p>B-lymphocytes provide humoral immunity, while T-lymphocytes provide cell-mediated immunity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of natural killer cells?

<p>To destroy infected cells and tumor cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of lymphocytes under a light microscope?

<p>Small size and dense nucleus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of monocytes in the body?

<p>To migrate into tissues and constitute the mononuclear phagocyte system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of monocytes under a light microscope?

<p>Large size and eccentric nucleus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of tissue macrophages?

<p>To mediate the inflammatory response (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes fibrous cartilage from other types of cartilage in terms of its appearance?

<p>Arrangement of chondrocytes in rows within thick collagenous fibers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stage of prenatal hematopoiesis occurs in the liver?

<p>Hepatic Stage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hematopoietic stem cell has limited self-renewal capacity and produces cells of multiple lineages?

<p>Multipotent/Pluripotent HSC (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major regulator of erythropoiesis?

<p>Erythropoietin (EPO) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function does blood convey through cytokines and chemokines?

<p>Soluble regulatory molecule dissemination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of prenatal hematopoiesis are blood cells first formed?

<p>Mesoblastic/Megaloblastic Stage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell is best described as a 'Committed Progenitor' in hematopoiesis?

<p>Undifferentiated cell capable of producing cells of one lineage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primary processes are involved in hematopoiesis?

<p>Maturation, cell renewal, proliferation, and differentiation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type is characteristic of cartilage?

<p>Chondrocytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary feature that distinguishes elastic cartilage from hyaline cartilage?

<p>Abundance of elastic fibers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cartilage is most commonly found in the human body?

<p>Hyaline cartilage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What component makes the fresh hyaline cartilage appear bluish white and translucent?

<p>Moderate amount of collagenous fibrils (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of cartilage is the ground substance described as less abundant and slightly acidophilic?

<p>Elastic cartilage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What surrounds cartilage and provides its blood and nerve supply?

<p>Perichondrium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell's cytoplasm contains mitochondria, occasional lipid droplets, and variable amounts of glycogen?

<p>Chondrocyte (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cartilage is described as having an abundance of collagenous fibers in its matrix?

<p>Fibrous cartilage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bone lamellae is found adjacent to the periosteum?

<p>Outer circumferential (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are osteocytes haphazardly arranged within a lamellae found?

<p>Epiphysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone formation does not involve the removal or replacement of cartilage?

<p>Intramembranous ossification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of growth that increases the circumference of bones?

<p>Appositional Growth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of connective tissue has a rigid consistency and is less resistant to pressure than bone?

<p>Cartilage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area of the bone is trabecular or spongy bone specifically found?

<p>Epiphysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bone lamellae is located between osteons?

<p>Interstitial (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a component of cartilage?

<p>Lamellae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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