Cold War Powers and Policies
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Questions and Answers

What is a superpower?

A dominant nation with global influence.

What was the Iron Curtain?

Barrier dividing Europe during the Cold War.

What was containment?

Strategy to prevent the spread of communism.

What was Glasnost?

<p>Policy of increased openness in the USSR.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NATO?

<p>Military alliance of North America and Europe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Berlin Airlift?

<p>Operation to supply West Berlin during blockade.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Berlin Wall?

<p>Concrete barrier separating East and West Berlin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Brezhnev Doctrine?

<p>Soviet policy to protect socialist regimes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Great Leap Forward?

<p>China's campaign to rapidly industrialize agriculture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Cambodian Genocide?

<p>Mass killings by Khmer Rouge regime in Cambodia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the Red Guards?

<p>Militant youth groups during China's Cultural Revolution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Domino Theory?

<p>If one nation falls to communism, others will follow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Perestroika?

<p>Reform policy aimed at restructuring the Soviet economy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Warsaw Pact?

<p>Military alliance of Eastern Bloc countries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Mao Zedong?

<p>Leader of the People's Republic of China.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the 38th Parallel?

<p>Division line between North and South Korea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Tet Offensive?

<p>Surprise attack by North Vietnamese forces in 1968.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?

<p>Confrontation over Soviet missiles in Cuba, 1962.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the Viet Cong?

<p>Guerrilla fighters in South Vietnam during the war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a proxy war?

<p>Conflict where third parties support opposing sides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Solidarity?

<p>Polish labor movement that became a political force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Bay of Pigs Invasion?

<p>Failed CIA invasion to overthrow Castro in Cuba.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is guerrilla warfare?

<p>Irregular warfare using small, mobile forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is global warming?

<p>Increase in Earth's average temperature due to emissions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is interdependence?

<p>Mutual reliance between countries in trade and economy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is polarization?

<p>Division into opposing factions or groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Tiananmen Square?

<p>Site in Beijing where Chinese students and workers gathered to demand greater political openness in 1989.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a blockade?

<p>A war measure that isolates some area of importance to the enemy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was French Indochina?

<p>The French colonies of Cambodia and Laos and Vietnam were formerly organized as French Indochina.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Fidel Castro?

<p>Cuban socialist leader who overthrew a dictator in 1959 and established a Marxist socialist state in Cuba.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Gang of Eight?

<p>The group of 8 powerful Russian political figures who conspired to overthrow the government; planned the 1991 Coup.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happened in October 1962?

<p>Cuban Missile Crisis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Khmer Rouge?

<p>A group of Communist rebels who seized power in Cambodia in 1975.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Ho Chi Minh Trail?

<p>A network of paths used by North Vietnam to transport supplies to the Viet Cong in South Vietnam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happened in November 1989?

<p>Fall of Berlin Wall.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a quagmire?

<p>Area of swampy ground; where guerrilla warfare was used.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Lech Walesa?

<p>A Polish politician, a former trade union and human rights activist, and also a former electrician. He co-founded Solidarity, the Soviet bloc's first independent trade union, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983, and served as President of Poland from 1990 to 1995.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Lumumba?

<p>the 1st prime minister of the Republic of the Congo/ was murdered/ engaging speaker/ jailed in 1956</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Batista?

<p>Cuban dictator overthrown by Fidel Castro. Originally a sergeant in the military. Very corrupt leader with mobsters during his reign --he was anti-communist, so the US supported him.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Olympics Boycott?

<p>Boycott of the 1980 Olympic games by the U.S. in protest over the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan; USSR retaliated in 1984 by boycotting L.A. Olympic games.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Deng Xiaoping?

<p>Communist Party leader who forced Chinese economic reforms after the death of Mao Zedong.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was MacArthur?

<p>American general; he commanded U.S. troops in the South Pacific during World War II; later he commanded UN forces in the Korean War; also drove the Bonus Marchers out of DC.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Kim Il Sung?

<p>Communist leader of North Korea; his attack on South Korea in 1950 started the Korean War. He remained in power until 1994.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Brinkmanship?

<p>The willingness to go to the brink of war to force an opponent to back down.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Gorbachev?

<p>Leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991. Wanting reform, he renounced the Brezhnev Doctrine, pulled troops out of Afghanistan, supported Glasnost, and urged perestroika; but all this failed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Cultural Revolution?

<p>Campaign in China ordered by Mao Zedong to purge the Communist Party of his opponents and instill revolutionary values in the younger generation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Dubeck?

<p>Head of the Czechoslovakian Communist Party, began a series of reforms- Prague Spring, sought to make communism more humanistic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Pol Pot?

<p>Leader of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia, who terrorized the people of Cambodia throughout the 1970's.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was John Paul II?

<p>20th century pope from Poland who is credited with helping end Communist rule in Europe and improving the Catholic Church's relations with Judaism and Islam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Nehru?

<p>First prime minister of India.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Ayatollah Khomeini?

<p>Shiite religious leader of Iran, led the 1979 Islamic Revolution in Iran and ordered the invasion of the US Embassy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a theocracy?

<p>A system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Harkis?

<p>Algerian Muslims who fought for the French during the Algerian War.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Ferdinand Marcos?

<p>Leader of the Philippines who was elected but ruled as a dictator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Sukarno?

<p>First president of Indonesia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Pancasila?

<p>The Five Principles of the Indonesian constitution: belief in God, nationalism, humanitarianism, social justice, and democracy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Kashmir?

<p>A region of northern India and Pakistan over which several destructive wars have been fought.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Pacific Rim?

<p>An economic and social region including the countries surrounding the pacific ocean.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is deforestation?

<p>The removal of trees faster than forests can replace themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a multinational corporation?

<p>An organization that manufactures and markets products in many different countries and has multinational stock ownership and multinational management.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Superpower

A dominant nation with global influence.

Iron Curtain

Barrier dividing Europe during the Cold War.

Containment

Strategy to prevent the spread of communism.

Glasnost

Policy of increased openness in the USSR.

Signup and view all the flashcards

NATO

Military alliance of North America and Europe.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Berlin Airlift

Operation to supply West Berlin during blockade.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Berlin Wall

Concrete barrier separating East and West Berlin.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Brezhnev Doctrine

Soviet policy to protect socialist regimes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Great Leap Forward

China's campaign to rapidly industrialize agriculture.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cambodian Genocide

Mass killings by Khmer Rouge regime in Cambodia.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Red Guard

Militant youth groups during China's Cultural Revolution.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Domino Theory

If one nation falls to communism, others will follow.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Perestroika

Reform policy aimed at restructuring the Soviet economy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Warsaw Pact

Military alliance of Eastern Bloc countries.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mao Zedong

Leader of the People's Republic of China.

Signup and view all the flashcards

38th Parallel

Division line between North and South Korea.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tet Offensive

Surprise attack by North Vietnamese forces in 1968.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cuban Missile Crisis

Confrontation over Soviet missiles in Cuba, 1962.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Viet Cong

Guerrilla fighters in South Vietnam during the war.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Proxy War

Conflict where third parties support opposing sides.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Solidarity

Polish labor movement that became a political force.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bay of Pigs

Failed CIA invasion to overthrow Castro in Cuba.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Guerilla Warfare

Irregular warfare using small, mobile forces.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global Warming

Increase in Earth's average temperature due to emissions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

WTO

World Trade Organization regulating international trade.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Interdependence

Mutual reliance between countries in trade and economy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Polarization

Division into opposing factions or groups.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Saigon

Capital of South Vietnam

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hanoi

Capital of North Vietnam

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Superpower

  • A dominant nation with global influence.

Iron Curtain

  • Barrier dividing Europe during the Cold War.

Containment

  • Strategy to prevent the spread of communism.

Glasnost

  • Policy of increased openness in the USSR.

NATO

  • Military alliance of North America and Europe.

Berlin Airlift

  • Operation to supply West Berlin during blockade.

Berlin Wall

  • Concrete barrier separating East and West Berlin.

Brezhnev Doctrine

  • Soviet policy to protect socialist regimes.

Great Leap Forward

  • China's campaign to rapidly industrialize agriculture.

Cambodian Genocide

  • Mass killings by Khmer Rouge regime in Cambodia.

Red Guard

  • Militant youth groups during China's Cultural Revolution.

Domino Theory

  • If one nation falls to communism, others will follow.

Perestroika

  • Reform policy aimed at restructuring the Soviet economy.

Warsaw Pact

  • Military alliance of Eastern Bloc countries.

Mao Zedong

  • Leader of the People's Republic of China.

38th Parallel

  • Division line between North and South Korea.

Tet Offensive

  • Surprise attack by North Vietnamese forces in 1968.

Cuban Missile Crisis

  • Confrontation over Soviet missiles in Cuba, 1962.

Viet Cong

  • Guerrilla fighters in South Vietnam during the war.

Proxy War

  • Conflict where third parties support opposing sides.

Solidarity

  • Polish labor movement that became a political force.

Bay of Pigs

  • Failed CIA invasion to overthrow Castro in Cuba.

Guerrilla Warfare

  • Irregular warfare using small, mobile forces.

Global Warming

  • Increase in Earth's average temperature due to emissions.

WTO

  • World Trade Organization regulating international trade.

Interdependence

  • Mutual reliance between countries in trade and economy.

Polarization

  • Division into opposing factions or groups.

Saigon

  • Capital of South Vietnam

Hanoi

  • Capital of North Vietnam

Tiananmen Square

  • Site in Beijing where Chinese students and workers gathered to demand greater political openness in 1989; crushed by Chinese military with great loss of life.

Blockade

  • A war measure that isolates an area of importance to the enemy

French Indochina

  • The French colonies of Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam

Fidel Castro

  • Cuban socialist leader who overthrew a dictator and established a Marxist socialist state. Born in 1927

Gang of Eight

  • Russian political figures who conspired to overthrow the government; planned the 1991 Coup.

October 1962

  • Cuban Missile Crisis

Khmer Rouge

  • Communist rebels who seized power in Cambodia in 1975.

Ho Chi Minh Trail

  • Network of paths used by North Vietnam to transport supplies to the Viet Cong.

November 1989

  • Fall of the Berlin Wall.

Quagmire

  • Area of swampy ground; where guerrilla warfare was used

Lech Walesa

  • Polish politician, trade unionist, and human rights activist. Co-founded Solidarity, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983, and served as President of Poland from 1990 to 1995.

Lumumba

  • 1st prime minister of the Republic of the Congo; murdered

Batista

  • Cuban dictator overthrown by Fidel Castro; originally a sergeant in the military

Olympics Boycott

  • Boycott of the 1980 Olympics by the U.S. in protest of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan; USSR retaliated in 1984 by boycotting the L.A. Olympics.

Deng Xiaoping

  • Communist Party leader who forced Chinese economic reforms.

MacArthur

  • American general who commanded U.S. troops in the South Pacific during WWII and UN forces in the Korean War.

Kim Il Sung

  • Communist leader of North Korea; initiated the Korean War

Brinkmanship

  • Willingness to go to the brink of war to force an opponent to back down.

Gorbachev

  • Leader of the Soviet Union (1985-1991). Supported Glasnost, Perestroika; removed troops from Afghanistan

Cultural Revolution

  • Campaign in China to purge opponents and instill revolutionary values.

Dubeck

  • Head of the Czechoslovakian Communist Party, initiated reforms during Prague Spring

Pol Pot

  • Leader of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia

John Paul II

  • 20th-century Pope from Poland, credited with helping end Communist rule and improving relations.

Partition

  • Division of British India into India and Pakistan

Nehru

  • First Prime Minister of India

Ayatollah Khomeini

  • Shiite religious leader who led the 1979 Islamic Revolution in Iran.

Theocracy

  • System of government where priests rule in God's name.

Harkis

  • Algerian Muslims who fought for the French during the Algerian War

Ferdinand Marcos

  • President of the Philippines who ruled as a dictator.

Sukarno

  • First president of Indonesia

Pancasila

  • Five Principles of the Indonesian constitution: belief in God, nationalism, humanitarianism, social justice, and democracy.

Kashmir

  • Region of northern India and Pakistan over which wars have been fought

Pacific Rim

  • Economic and social region surrounding the Pacific Ocean.

Deforestation

  • Removal of trees faster than forests can replace themselves.

Multinational Corporation

  • Organization that manufactures and markets products globally, with multinational stock ownership and management.

Satellite States

  • Eastern European states under Soviet control during the Cold War.

Yeltsin

  • First democratically elected president of Russia

Gandhi

  • Leader of India's independence movement; promoted passive resistance.

Shah of Iran

  • Title of the former hereditary monarch of Iran

99 Year Lease

  • British lease over Hong Kong

Kwame Nkrumah

  • Founder of Ghana's independence movement and Ghana's first president

Battle of Algiers

  • Campaign of urban guerrilla warfare

US Military Bases

  • US had more military bases than any other country.

Corazon Aquino

  • First female president of the Philippines.

Suharto

  • President of Indonesia from 1967-1998 who seized power in a coup, ruled as a dictator, and was eventually ousted.

Jinnah

  • Indian statesman who founded Pakistan.

United Nations

  • International organization promoting peace, security, and cooperation.

Interdependence

  • Reliance between countries in trade and economy.

Eisenhower

  • Allied commander in WWII Europe; helped plan D-Day at Normandy; 34th President

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Test your knowledge on key concepts and events during the Cold War, including the Iron Curtain, NATO, and containment strategies. Explore the major political policies and alliances that shaped the global landscape during this pivotal era.

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