Cold War History Quiz

False (B)

Ideological rivalry

<p>buffer</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They provided support to the White Army (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Winston Churchill = Great Britain Franklin D. Roosevelt = USA Joseph Stalin = Soviet Union Hideki Tojo = Japan</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>26</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Containment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To coordinate activities of Communist parties worldwide and enforce Stalin's policies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marshall Plan</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marshall Plan = Rebuild European economies post-World War II COMECON = Soviet response to the Marshall Plan Berlin Blockade = Stalin's attempt to cut off West Berlin from supplies Berlin Airlift = Western Allies' operation to supply West Berlin by air</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>France (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seventeen</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Berlin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Harry Truman = Proposed Marshall Aid Joseph Stalin = Initiated Berlin Blockade George Marshall = Architect of the Marshall Plan Czechoslovakia = Withdrew from Marshall Aid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Berlin Blockade (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$13,750,000,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Opening a second front in Western Europe (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Harry Truman</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>July–August 1945</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Teheran Conference = Opening a second front Yalta Conference = Stalin's promise for free elections Potsdam Conference = Setting up the United Nations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>USA, Britain, Soviet Union (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Germany was to be divided into four zones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>USA</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Iron Curtain = Division between Eastern and Western Europe Long Telegram = Accusations against Soviet expansion Nuremberg Trials = Prosecution of Nazi war criminals United Nations = International organization for peacekeeping</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To avoid war with the Soviet Union (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Italy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alexander Dubcek</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Truman's insistence on free elections in Eastern Europe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prague Spring</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>expenditure</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>John F. Kennedy = President of the USA Nikita Khrushchev = Leader of the Soviet Union Robert Kennedy = Advisor and negotiator Fidel Castro = Leader of Cuba</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He was removed from office in 1964 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Political reform leading to a multi-party state</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Soviet</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Communist dictatorship with strict censorship (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mao Zedong</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stalinist</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brezhnev = Soviet Union Kadar = Hungary Gomulka = Poland Ulbricht = East Germany</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Well-educated professionals who left East Germany (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>U-2 Crisis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>inexperienced</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>U-2 Crisis = An incident involving a downed American spy plane Berlin Wall Construction = A division between East and West Berlin Bay of Pigs Invasion = A failed attempt to overthrow Castro in Cuba Cuban Missile Crisis = A confrontation over Soviet missiles in Cuba</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A decrease in defections from East to West (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He cut off diplomatic relations with Cuba.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1,500</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Building the Berlin Wall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gary Powers</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>August</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduction of secret police powers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The principle that the Soviet Union could intervene in socialist countries when socialism was threatened.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>200000</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alexandr Dubcek = Leader of Czechoslovakia promoting reforms Leonid Brezhnev = Soviet leader fearing reforms Jan Palach = Czech student protestor Gustav Husak = New Communist leader after Dubcek</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>More rapid reforms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He set himself on fire.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ambassador</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rumania (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cold War (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To set up a buffer zone against potential invasions from Germany.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Baltic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hungary = General election of 1947 resulted in Communist takeover Poland = Elections fixed in January 1947 Czechoslovakia = Non-communist leaders removed Romania = Forced abdication of King Michael</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To assist countries threatened by communism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They fixed the elections in January 1947.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>March</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hungary (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They were coalitions that included the Communist Party.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>cold</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bulgaria = Established a one-party state after fixed elections Czechoslovakia = Removed non-communist leaders from the government Romania = Forced abdication of King Michael Poland = Communist government took orders from Moscow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Airlift operations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Operation Vittles and Operation Plainfare</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1949</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Berlin Blockade = Initiation of the Berlin Airlift NATO Formation = Military alliance against the USSR Construction of Berlin Wall = Prevention of East German emigration Stalin's blockade = Increased Western prosperity visibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent East Germans from fleeing to the West (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>More than 320,000 flights</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>STASI</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Formation of NATO (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nearly 13,000 tons</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>NATO</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lack of political freedom and limited goods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>USA = Member France = Member India = Not a Member Portugal = Member</p> Signup and view all the answers

The period after World War II, marked by political tension and hostility between the United States and its allies (the West) and the Soviet Union and its allies (the East).

The political system where the government controls all aspects of the economy and society, emphasizing collective ownership and central planning.

The economic system where the means of production are privately owned and operated for profit, guided by market forces.

Stalin's strategy of establishing a buffer zone of friendly communist states in Eastern Europe, aimed at preventing future invasions from the West.

Stalin's suspicion of the West, stemming from their past actions and perceived intentions. He believed that the Western Allies deliberately delayed invading France and wanted the Soviet Union to be weakened by fighting Germany alone.

The belief that the United States and its allies were trying to spread communism globally, causing suspicion and tension between the two blocs.

The alliance formed during World War II between the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union, despite underlying tensions.

The uprising in Warsaw, Poland, during World War II, where Polish resistance fighters fought against Nazi occupation. Stalin's refusal to provide support to the struggling Poles further fuelled distrust and fueled the Cold War.

A policy where the USA provided financial aid to European countries after WWII to help them rebuild and prevent communism.

The Soviet Union's blockade of West Berlin, cutting off all land and water access to the city.

The Allied response to the Berlin Blockade, where they flew supplies into West Berlin for almost a year.

The military alliance formed by the USA and its allies in 1949 to counter Soviet expansionism.

The communist state established in East Germany after World War II.

The democratic state established in West Germany after World War II.

The wall built by the Soviet Union in 1961 to divide East and West Berlin, preventing people from fleeing to the West.

The secret police of East Germany, responsible for surveillance and espionage.

The movement of East Germans to West Germany, seeking better economic and political conditions.

The term used to describe the division of Europe into communist and capitalist blocs after World War II.

The belief that the West was actively trying to spread communism globally, fueling Soviet mistrust and hostility.

The period when tensions between the USA and the USSR escalated after the Berlin Blockade, marking the official beginning of the Cold War.

The strategy of the Soviet Union under Stalin to control and spread communist influence in Eastern Europe.

The first meeting of the 'Big Three' (Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin) in November 1943. Key discussions included opening a second front in Western Europe, Soviet support in the Pacific, and the establishment of a United Nations organization.

An agreement made at the Teheran Conference that Britain and the USA would invade France in May 1944, while the Soviet Union would launch an offensive against Germany from the East.

A meeting of the 'Big Three' in February 1945 at Yalta, Crimea. The conference focused on post-war arrangements including the division of Germany, Poland's borders, and Soviet promises of free elections in Eastern Europe.

The division of Germany into four occupation zones after World War II, with one zone controlled by each of the four major Allied powers: USA, USSR, Great Britain, and France.

The agreement to split Berlin into four sectors, mirroring the division of Germany.

The Soviet promise to allow free elections in Eastern European countries after the war, which was later broken.

The last meeting of the Allied leaders in July-August 1945, where plans for Germany's future were finalized. This included the division of Germany, demilitarization, and the pursuit of war criminals.

The removal of all military capabilities from Germany after World War II.

The trials held in Nuremberg, Germany, for Nazi war criminals in 1946, where they were punished for their crimes.

The development of the atomic bomb by the United States during World War II. This shifted the power dynamic and made the US less reliant on the Soviet Union.

The term coined by Winston Churchill to describe the division of Europe after World War II, with the Soviet Union controlling Eastern Europe and the West controlling Western Europe.

A policy of containment, aimed at preventing the spread of communism, advocated by George Kennan in his Long Telegram.

A long telegram sent by George Kennan to the US State Department in 1946, outlining his view that the Soviet Union was inherently expansionist and posed a threat to democracy.

The mistrust and tension that developed between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II, characterized by ideological conflicts and proxy wars.

The Soviet distrust and fear of the West, manifested in their actions and decisions, ultimately contributing to the Cold War.

The Soviet Union's policy of controlling Eastern European countries after World War II, aimed at securing its borders and establishing a buffer zone against potential Western threats.

The process used by the Soviet Union to establish communist rule in Eastern Europe, including influencing elections, taking over key positions in government and security organizations, and eliminating opposition.

An event where the Communist Party in Czechoslovakia, under Stalin's orders, consolidated its power by removing non-communist leaders from the government in 1948. A leading opponent of the Communists, Masaryk, was found dead, suggesting foul play.

An event where the Communist Party in Poland manipulated the 1947 elections to secure a dominant position and establish a government under Soviet direction.

An event where the Communist Party in Bulgaria won a rigged election in 1945, leading to the establishment of a one-party communist state in 1946.

An event where the Communist Party in Hungary secured a majority in the 1947 election, leading to the banning of other parties and the establishment of a Stalinist regime under Rakosi.

An event where the Communist Party in Romania won a majority in the 1946 election, leading to the establishment of a communist government and the forced abdication of King Michael in 1947.

A policy announced by President Truman in 1947 that offered economic and military aid to any country resisting communist influence or expansion.

The economic aid program announced by President Truman in 1948 to help European countries rebuild after World War II, intended to prevent the spread of communism.

The USA's belief that the Soviet Union was actively spreading communism in Eastern Europe and beyond, posing a threat to their own interests.

The main goal of the Truman Doctrine, aiming to prevent any further countries falling under communist control as the Iron Curtain had already divided Europe.

The goal of the Truman Doctrine, aiming to persuade some countries in Eastern Europe to break away from communist control and align with the West.

The Truman Doctrine as a warning to Stalin, indicating that the USA would not tolerate Soviet attempts to control Europe any further.

The Truman Doctrine was a US foreign policy commitment to contain the spread of communism. It aimed to support countries threatened by communist expansion, both economically and militarily. The policy aimed to prevent the spread of communism by helping countries resist Soviet influence.

The Marshall Plan was a US-funded economic recovery program for Europe after World War II. It provided billions of dollars in aid to help rebuild war-torn economies and prevent communist influence. The plan was named after US Secretary of State George C. Marshall.

The Marshall Plan was designed to rebuild Europe's economies after World War II, but it also served as a tool to counter Soviet influence and prevent the spread of communism. The US intended to use the economic recovery program to strengthen Western Europe and weaken communist influence.

The Soviet Union's response to the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan was primarily fueled by fear of Western influence and the potential for communist parties to be undermined. Stalin saw the Western efforts as attempts to isolate and weaken communist states. He sought to control the spread of communism within his sphere of influence.

COMINFORM, established in 1947 by Stalin, was a communist organization aimed to control the activities of communist parties worldwide. It served as an instrument to enforce Soviet leadership within the communist movement and ensure adherence to Moscow's line.

The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON) was a Soviet-led economic alliance formed in 1949 as a response to the Marshall Plan. It provided economic aid and cooperation among communist states in Eastern Europe.

After World War II, Germany was divided into four occupation zones, controlled by the Allied powers: the United States, Soviet Union, Britain, and France. Berlin, located within the Soviet zone, was also divided into four sectors.

The Berlin Blockade, imposed by Stalin in 1948, aimed to isolate West Berlin by cutting off all land and water access. The blockade targeted Western influence and aimed to weaken the integration of West Germany. Stalin hoped to pressure the West to withdraw from Berlin.

Stalin's main motivation in creating the Berlin Blockade was his fear of Western influence expanding into East Germany. He saw the economic integration of Western zones, including the introduction of a new currency, as a threat to his control over East Germany. The blockade was a way to exert pressure and attempt to force the West to concede.

The Berlin Airlift was a response to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin. The US and its allies successfully airlifted supplies into West Berlin for over a year, demonstrating their resolve and weakening Soviet efforts to control the city.

The Berlin Blockade demonstrated the growing tension and distrust between the Western Allies and the Soviet Union after World War II. The blockade highlighted the deep ideological divide and the potential for conflict over control of post-war Europe.

The Cold War created a division in Germany, with the western part becoming a democratic and capitalist state, while the eastern part was incorporated into the Soviet bloc, becoming a communist and centrally planned economy.

The term "defector" replaced "refugee" to describe skilled professionals fleeing East Germany for the West, highlighting their expertise and contributing to the "brain drain" of East Germany.

The loss of highly skilled and educated professionals from one country to another, often for better opportunities, as seen in the exodus of East German professionals to the West.

Khrushchev's demand that the Western powers leave West Berlin, aiming to control the city and stop the flow of defectors.

The incident where a U.S. spy plane, a U-2, was shot down over the Soviet Union in 1960, escalating Cold War tensions and causing the collapse of the Paris Summit.

Actions taken by the Soviet Union under Khrushchev to stop the outflow of skilled professionals from East Germany, ultimately culminating in the construction of the Berlin Wall.

The Soviet Union's attempt to formally recognize East Germany's sovereignty, which would have undermined the postwar agreements and heightened tensions with the West.

The event in April 1961 where a group of Cuban exiles, trained by the CIA, attempted to invade Cuba and overthrow Fidel Castro, resulting in a major defeat and embarrassment for the United States.

The Cuban leader who seized power in 1959, transitioning Cuba towards communism due to US actions and ultimately becoming a major ally of the Soviet Union.

The period of heightened tension between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1962, triggered by the discovery of Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba, bringing the world to the brink of nuclear war.

The US president who authorized the Bay of Pigs invasion, but was left to face the repercussions of the failed operation.

Khrushchev's perception of President Kennedy as inexperienced and weak, leading to the decision to build the Berlin Wall.

The dramatic speech delivered by President Kennedy in Berlin in 1963, expressing solidarity with West Berliners and demonstrating US commitment to resisting Soviet influence.

The consequences of the Berlin Wall, including a decline in defectors, but also the separation of families and the loss of freedom for East Germans.

Soviet missile bases being built on Cuba were a direct threat to the United States.

A US spy plane captured photographs showing Soviet missile bases under construction in Cuba.

President Kennedy chose a naval blockade to prevent further Soviet missiles from reaching Cuba.

The US military went on high alert, including deploying troops and bombers.

Khrushchev initially denied the existence of the missile bases and accused the US of interfering in Cuba's affairs.

Khrushchev offered a compromise: to remove the missiles if the US guaranteed not to invade Cuba.

Kennedy accepted Khrushchev's offer and promised not to invade Cuba.

In secret, the US agreed to remove its missiles from Italy and Turkey as part of a deal to end the crisis.

The crisis highlighted the dangers of nuclear war and the need for communication and diplomacy between superpowers.

Life in Czechoslovakia was under strict control by the communist party, similar to other Eastern Bloc countries.

The Czech Communist Party controlled public life, the armed forces, the media, and education.

Czech citizens faced strict censorship and a low standard of living due to high military spending.

Novotny's rigid Stalinist policies, combined with economic stagnation, created widespread discontent.

Alexander Dubcek, a reformer, replaced Novotny as the First Secretary of the Czech Communist Party.

Dubcek's reforms aimed to move Czechoslovakia towards a more democratic form of socialism with greater freedom.

A period of political and social reforms in Czechoslovakia, led by Alexander Dubček, aimed at loosening the grip of communist control and introducing greater freedom of expression and assembly.

The right of the Soviet Union to intervene in the affairs of its satellite states, particularly when socialist rule was perceived to be in danger, as stated by Leonid Brezhnev.

The Soviet-led invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968, aimed at crushing the Prague Spring reforms and reasserting communist control.

A Czech student who set himself on fire in Prague in protest against the Soviet occupation of his country.

The fear that the Soviet Union had of its satellite states becoming too independent or influenced by the West, leading to a potential domino effect of defections.

The reforms initiated by Alexander Dubček in Czechoslovakia, which aimed to loosen the communist grip and introduce greater freedom and democracy.

The strategic location of Czechoslovakia, bordering both the Soviet Union and the West, made it a key buffer state and an object of contention during the Cold War.

The desire for further and more rapid reforms in Czechoslovakia after the Prague Spring, which alarmed the Soviet Union and its allies.

The new leader of Czechoslovakia after the invasion, who re-established strict communist control and reversed the reforms of the Prague Spring.

The Soviet Union's concern about the economic links that Czechoslovakia was trying to establish with West Germany, fearing it would lead to Western influence and domination in the region.