Cohabitation, Marriage, and Divorce Trends Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which group of MPs favors a New Right view towards the family?

  • Anarchists
  • Communitarians
  • Socialists
  • Modernists (correct)

What is the belief of New Right supporters regarding the conventional nuclear family?

  • It is outdated
  • It opposes capitalism
  • It promotes diversity
  • It is self-sufficient (correct)

How do Feminists view social policies regarding the 'normal family'?

  • Embracing LGBTQ+ families
  • Maintaining patriarchal norms (correct)
  • Promoting family diversity
  • Encouraging gender equality

According to Marxists, why do the ruling class support family policies?

<p>To maintain capitalist control (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Ronald Fletcher's views on social policies suggest about the welfare state?

<p>It assists in completing family functions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of social policy aims to provide cash benefits through tax credits and child benefits?

<p>Material support for the family (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Coalition Policies affect Shared Parental Leave?

<p>Removed it (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general aim of social policies discussed in the text?

<p>Improve society (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is cohabitation?

<p>Two people living together in the same residence while being part of an intimate romantic relationship (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has contributed to the rising age of first marriage?

<p>Changing expectations of marriage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has led to the trends of cohabitation and divorce according to the text?

<p>Reduction in influence of religion and women gaining more independence and equal rights (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How have Divorce Laws impacted marriage trends?

<p>Helped women gain freedom and equality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Wilson and Stuchbury 2010, what is a negative impact of cohabitation mentioned in the text?

<p>Children of cohabiting parents facing disadvantages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect have rising house prices had on relationships?

<p>Caused people to cohabit before marriage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason LAT (Living Apart Together) couples live separately?

<p>Desire for independence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does marriage refer to?

<p>Union of two people in a personal relationship (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What age range is mentioned to have a rising number of cohabiting couples?

<p>25-34 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What societal change has made people more likely to dissolve a marriage?

<p>Rising economic independence of women (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an impact of women gaining more independence and rights?

<p>Putting off marriage till later and preferring cohabitation first (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are people more likely to cohabit before marriage according to the text?

<p>To experience living with a partner beforehand (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has the Divorce Reform Act made easier?

<p>Dissolution of marriage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of divorce according to the text?

<p>The legal dissolution of a marriage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is mentioned about trends in marriage in the text?

<p>Marriage is in sharp decline with occasional rises during baby booms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How have changing expectations of marriage affected relationships?

<p>Led people to move on from unfulfilling relationships (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of family structure refers to who has the most power within the family?

<p>Power structures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event is given as an example that can shape a group's family structure and organization?

<p>Introduction of the contraceptive pill (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What theory posits that the family structure constantly changes and adapts to society's present needs?

<p>Theory of Functionalism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is highlighted in the text as having an impact on lifestyle disparities since the 1980s?

<p>Wealth and income (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In relation to family diversity, what does the New Right theory by Murray suggest?

<p>Patriarchal nuclear family is the only correct family unit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept is stated as a cause of society breakdown according to the New Right theory?

<p>Family diversity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the increasing family diversity explained according to postmodernism?

<p>Greater choice and globalization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory argues that it is the changing of family structures, not diversity, that ensures society's needs are met?

<p>Theory of Functionalism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of Mayall's perspective on children in sociology?

<p>Incorporating children in the study of childhood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do child liberationists prefer to gather information from children?

<p>Unstructured interviews (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided text, what is a key aspect of childhood according to Smart's perspective?

<p>Present tense from the child's viewpoint (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of childhood, what role do children play in creating their own experiences?

<p>Active agents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do demographics refer to in the provided text?

<p>The number of live births per year per 1000 of the population (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the average number of children a woman will have during her childbearing years represent?

<p>Fertility rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the number of deaths of children before their first birthday per 1000 live births per year indicate?

<p>Mortality rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'Life Expectancy' in the context of demographics?

<p>Average number of total years a person will live (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the term 'migration' defined in the text?

<p>The movement of peoples from one place to another (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the population living longer without a proportional increase in new births?

<p>Population ageing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the essential functions of the family according to the Functionalist view?

<p>Support social stability and social cohesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Universal nuclear family according to Murdock?

<p>Family that consists of 2 generations, parents and children</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Murdock believe about the universal nuclear family?

<p>Best family type existing worldwide</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify one of the functions of the family related to socialization according to Murdock.

<p>Teaching basic norms and values</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Parsons believe about the role of the family in the primary socialization process?

<p>Essential</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain what is meant by 'stabilisation of adult personalities' in the family context according to Parsons.

<p>Emotional security within a marital relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

What two functions are emphasized by Murdock regarding the sexual functions of the family?

<p>Controlled adult sexual relationships and biological reproduction of the next generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe one function of the family related to socialisation according to Parsons.

<p>Ensuring that each generation is socialised</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some negative impacts of cohabitation mentioned by Wilson and Stuchbury 2010, Murphy, and the New Right perspective?

<p>Less stable than marriage, children of cohabiting parents disadvantaged, eroding the fabric of society</p> Signup and view all the answers

How has the reduction in religious influence impacted the trends of divorce and cohabitation?

<p>Led to divorce and cohabitation becoming more acceptable, reduced the need for a religious ceremony for weddings</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are women putting off marriage till later and preferring to cohabit first according to the text?

<p>To check compatibility, due to increased independence and equal rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

How have changing societal norms impacted the need for a religious ceremony in weddings?

<p>People no longer feel the need to have a religious ceremony for weddings</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some trends in marriage mentioned in the text?

<p>Marriages generally declining, blips during baby boom eras, rise in number of remarriages</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are cohabiting couples particularly rising in the 25-34 age range?

<p>Due to preferences to cohabit first, rather than rush into marriage</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does marriage generally refer to according to the text?

<p>Legally or formally recognized union of two people as partners in a personal relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the impact of women becoming more independent and the declining religious influence contribute to the trend of cohabitation?

<p>Women delaying marriage for financial security, cohabitation becomes more acceptable without religious constraints</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Social Construction and how does it relate to childhood?

<p>A social construction means that a social phenomena is created by society and varies from culture to culture. Childhood is considered a social construction because the concept of childhood varies across different cultures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Childhood considered a difficult term to define?

<p>Childhood is difficult to define because legally it is based on age (below the age of majority) and biologically it is based on physical immaturity (before puberty). Different cultures also have varying ideas about what constitutes childhood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Pilcher, why is Childhood seen as a Social Construction?

<p>Childhood is seen as a social construction because it is a clear and distinct life stage reflected in laws, dress, products and services, age of innocence, and activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does Benedict argue that childhood varies across cultures?

<p>Benedict argues that childhood varies because cultural norms and beliefs shape the definition of childhood within different societies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Infancy/Toddlers not considered a social construction according to the text?

<p>Infancy/Toddlers are not considered a social construction because of the complete dependency of infants on others for survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the text describe the physical development of children in relation to childhood?

<p>Children have not yet reached physical maturity in childhood, as they have not hit puberty or sexual maturity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of psychological development in childhood according to the text?

<p>Psychological development in childhood continues into the mid-20s, indicating that childhood is not solely defined by physical growth but also by cognitive and emotional maturity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does cultural relativity play a role in understanding childhood?

<p>Cultural relativity, as discussed by Benedict, highlights that childhood varies from culture to culture, influencing how childhood is perceived and defined within different societies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Intersectional Feminism differ from other feminist beliefs when it comes to family experiences?

<p>Intersectional Feminism focuses on the diversity of family experiences, acknowledging that not all families are nuclear, unlike other feminist beliefs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the concept of women as a 'reserve army of cheap labour' as presented in the text.

<p>Women are seen as a workforce that can be easily employed and dismissed based on economic need, a situation exemplified during WWII.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the personal life perspective redefine the traditional definition of family?

<p>The personal life perspective expands the definition of family beyond blood and marriage ties, focusing on the meaningful relationships and interactions individuals have.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do women play in absorbing the frustration and anger of men, according to the text?

<p>Women are portrayed as absorbers of male frustration and anger, often stemming from alienation and exploitation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How has the role of women as a reserve labor force evolved over time, as discussed in the text?

<p>Women are no longer considered solely a reserve labor force due to equal rights at work and the increase in women as primary breadwinners.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key idea is associated with Carol Smart and Petra Nordqvist's perspective on the sociology of personal life?

<p>The personal life perspective focuses on understanding family dynamics beyond traditional structures, emphasizing personal relationships and interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the significance of the personal life perspective in redefining family relationships.

<p>The personal life perspective highlights the importance of meaningful relationships and interactions within families, moving beyond formal definitions based on blood and marriage ties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What critique does Intersectional Feminism offer regarding traditional feminist beliefs about family experiences?

<p>Intersectional Feminism criticizes traditional feminist beliefs for focusing on a narrow range of family experiences, excluding the diverse realities faced by women of different ethnicities and social classes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some fundamental rights of children according to the United Nations Rights of the Child?

<p>Life, survival and development, Protection from violence, abuse or neglect, An education that enables children to fulfil their potential, Be raised by, or have a relationship with, their parents, Express their opinions and be listened to</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'march of progress' view argue about the position of children in western societies over the past few centuries?

<p>It has been steadily improving and is better today than ever before</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what ways does the UK have a ministerial focus on Children and Families?

<p>Minister for Children and Families, Social Services purpose to protect children and support families</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Social Services in relation to children and families?

<p>To protect children and support families</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the modern era view childhood in terms of protecting time and dependency?

<p>Protected time of innocence and dependency until late teens or early 20's</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized in families having fewer children according to the text?

<p>Quality over Quantity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key rights are outlined for children by the United Nations Rights of the Child?

<p>Right to life, protection from abuse, education, parental relationship, express opinions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'march of progress' view suggest about the current state of children in Western societies?

<p>Better today than ever before</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the UN regarding children whose rights have been violated?

<p>Complain directly to the UN</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the UK government demonstrate a focus on children and families?

<p>Minister for Children and Families, Social Services for child protection and family support</p> Signup and view all the answers

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