Cognitive Science Fundamentals

What is the common approach used in Cognitive Science to understand the mind?

Social approach
Biological approach
Analogy of mind vs digital computer (correct)
Environmental approach

What is the primary function of the Pattern Recognition Filter?

To limit the amount of information that can be recognized at one time (correct)
To store new descriptions in memory
To select patterns to be remembered
To enhance the capacity of Short-Term Memory

What is the primary focus of Cognitive Science in understanding the mind?

Analyzing human behavior
Studying the structure of the brain
Designing artificial intelligence systems
Understanding how the mind processes information (correct)

What is the main characteristic of Short-Term Memory (STM)?

It has limited capacity and lasts only about 20-30 seconds (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Selection stage?

To select patterns to be remembered when many patterns arrive simultaneously (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a challenge in Cognitive Science research?

Mental representations and operations are not consciously accessible (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the research interest of Psychologists in Cognitive Science?

Understanding human cognition and its aspects (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Short-Term Memory (STM) and Long-Term Memory (LTM)?

STM has limited capacity, while LTM has unlimited capacity (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of knowing how the mind works in Cognitive Science?

It provides a firm basis for analysis and design (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Perception in object recognition?

To identify objects through pattern recognition (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Learning Outcomes in the context of Cognitive Science?

To identify the essential questions in cognitive science, such as 'What is perception?' and 'What is pattern recognition?' (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of the questions asked by Cognitive Scientists?

They are specific and focused on mental processes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary idea behind Bottom-Up processing in pattern recognition?

Components of the pattern are summed to lead to recognition of the whole. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a principle of the Gestalt law of perceptual organization?

Common sense (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary principle behind the Gestalt law of Good Figure/Simplicity?

Every stimulus pattern is seen in such a way that the resulting structure is as simple as possible. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of the Gestalt law of Good Continuation?

A series of dots that, when connected, form a straight line. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary principle behind the Gestalt law of Proximity?

Things that are near to each other appear to be grouped together. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of the Gestalt law of Common Fate?

A group of birds flying in the same direction. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the phenomenon where a distorted projection or drawing appears normal when viewed from a particular point or with a suitable mirror or lens?

Anamorphosis (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to the Gestalt law of similarity, what is more likely to happen?

Objects that are similar are grouped together (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between top-down and bottom-up processing?

Top-down processing uses previous experience, while bottom-up processing uses basic features (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the Palmer (1975) experiment, what was the primary finding?

Context has a significant influence on object perception (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the Gestalt law that states that objects are more likely to be seen as complete figures even when part of the information is missing?

Closure (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of bottom-up processing?

Basic features of stimuli (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the selective filter in Broadbent's Filter Model?

To identify attended messages based on physical characteristics (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the experiment where participants are asked to hear two messages at once and repeat one of them out loud?

Dichotic listening (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the ability to attend to one message and ignore others called?

Selective attention (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the temporary storage of information in the process of selective attention?

Sensory register (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the model of selective attention that proposes that all information is processed in parallel, and then filtered based on physical characteristics?

Broadbent's Filter Model (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of repeating the attended message out loud in the dichotic listening experiment?

Shadowing (A) Signup and view all the answers