Cognitive Psychology Pioneers Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What was the focus of Lorina Naci and coworkers' research?

Analyzing cognitive responses to visual stimuli

Measuring electrical activity in the brain during everyday experiences

Investigating the impact of long-term care on cognitive function

Studying brain activity in a comatose patient (correct)

What was the scenario from the Alfred Hitchcock television program used in the research?

A man experiencing memory loss after a car accident

A detective solving a murder case in a small town

A woman witnessing a crime in a crowded train station

A 5-year-old boy finding a real gun and bullets in his uncle's suitcase (correct)

What was the main question raised about Sam's condition?

Is there a probability of cognitive recovery after 16 years?

Does lack of movement indicate absence of mind? (correct)

Do comatose patients have awareness of their surroundings?

Can comatose patients perceive visual stimuli?

What was the purpose of placing Sam in a brain scanner?

To measure increases and decreases in electrical brain activity Signup and view all the answers

What did Donders's pioneering experiment in 1868 involve?

Measuring reaction time to determine how long it takes to make a decision Signup and view all the answers

What did simple reaction time involve in Donders's experiment?

Pushing a button in response to a single stimulus Signup and view all the answers

What did choice reaction time require in Donders's experiment?

Deciding which button to push based on the stimulus Signup and view all the answers

What did the difference in reaction time between simple and choice conditions indicate in Donders's experiment?

The time it took to make a decision Signup and view all the answers

What did Donders conclude about the decision-making process based on his experiment?

It took one-tenth of a second Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of cognitive psychology?

Studying mental processes and how the mind operates Signup and view all the answers

What were the two definitions of the mind mentioned in the text?

Creating mental functions and creating representations of the world Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what did the mind control?

Mental functions such as perception, attention, memory, emotions, language, deciding, thinking, and reasoning Signup and view all the answers

What was the belief about studying the mind in the 1800s?

It was believed that the mind could not be studied Signup and view all the answers

What did Donders's experiment mark the early beginnings of?

Cognitive psychology and the study of mental processes Signup and view all the answers

What did cognitive psychology study, according to the text?

Mental processes and how the mind operates Signup and view all the answers

What did Donders's experiment illustrate?

The principle that mental responses cannot be measured directly Signup and view all the answers

What was Wilhelm Wundt's approach called?

Structuralism Signup and view all the answers

What method did Ebbinghaus use for measuring memory?

Quantitative method Signup and view all the answers

What did Wundt's structuralism aim to describe?

The components of experience Signup and view all the answers

What did Ebbinghaus use to prevent meaning from influencing memory?

Nonsense syllables Signup and view all the answers

What did Ebbinghaus use savings to determine?

How much was forgotten after a specific delay Signup and view all the answers

What did Ebbinghaus's reduction in savings provide a measure of?

Forgetting Signup and view all the answers

What did Ebbinghaus's experiment show about the time course of forgetting?

Resulted in smaller savings with longer delays Signup and view all the answers

What did Wundt's method of analytic introspection involve?

Trained participants describing their experiences and thought processes Signup and view all the answers

What did Ebbinghaus's approach provide insights into?

The properties of memory and forgetting Signup and view all the answers

What was the goal of Wundt's approach?

To create a 'periodic table of the mind' Signup and view all the answers

What did Wundt's structuralism focus on?

Combining basic elements of experience Signup and view all the answers

What does the text emphasize about the mind?

It is responsible for thoughts, perceptions, desires, emotions, memories, language, and physical actions. Signup and view all the answers

What does the brain activity during tension and decreased danger indicate?

Conscious awareness Signup and view all the answers

What does the story of Sam convey about the mind?

The mind is hidden, even in 'normal' cases. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about understanding the plot of a movie?

It requires understanding concepts not explicitly presented. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text mention about the mind's operation?

It has been revealed through research. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text emphasize about the mind's role?

It is crucial as it is responsible for who individuals are and what they do. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text mention about the mind's comparison with computers?

The mind outperforms computers on many tasks. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about the mind's ability to create consciousness?

The mind creates consciousness of external stimuli, bodily sensations, and individual experiences. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text emphasize about understanding the mind?

It is crucial as it is responsible for who individuals are and what they do. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text discuss about the brain activity of healthy participants during a movie?

It increased at suspenseful moments, indicating reaction to the plot. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text emphasize about the mind's multifaceted nature?

It involves multiple functions and mechanisms. Signup and view all the answers

How does the text describe the term 'mind'?

It can be thought of in various ways, including its role in memory, problem-solving, decision-making, and as a valuable, intelligent, and creative asset. Signup and view all the answers

Who among the early pioneers in cognitive psychology made significant observations about the mind in his textbook 'Principles of Psychology' based on his own mind's operation?

William James Signup and view all the answers

What did Ebbinghaus's savings curve demonstrate about memory?

Memory decreases rapidly for the first 2 days after initial learning and then levels off Signup and view all the answers

What did Watson's dissatisfaction with analytic introspection lead to?

The founding of behaviorism Signup and view all the answers

Which early pioneers contributed to the study of the mind, covering topics like attention, memory, and perception?

Donders, Wundt, Ebbinghaus, and James Signup and view all the answers

What was the aim of behaviorism, as proposed by Watson?

To predict and control behavior through experimental methods Signup and view all the answers

Why did psychology shift away from studying mental processes?

Negative reactions to Wundt's analytic introspection Signup and view all the answers

What did Ebbinghaus's method demonstrate about memory?

Memory can be quantified and used to describe a property of the mind Signup and view all the answers

According to James's observation, what does attention imply?

The withdrawal from some things to effectively deal with others Signup and view all the answers

What did Watson's behaviorism mark a shift towards in psychology?

A purely objective, experimental branch of natural science Signup and view all the answers

Who aimed to address the deficiencies of analytic introspection by focusing on observable behavior?

Watson Signup and view all the answers

Who provided a promising start to the study of the mind, covering topics like attention, memory, and perception?