Cognitive Psychology Paradigms Quiz

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What is the central idea of the mind as a computer analogy?

To understand the objective computational processes underlying various behaviors.

What are some differences between humans and computers according to the mind as a computer analogy?

Physical nature, reproductive process, experience, consciousness.

What similarities are highlighted between humans and computers in the mind as a computer analogy?

Most of the similarities address the processing of information.

Why did Garry Kasparov resign in the final game against IBM's Deep Blue?

He claimed to have lost his fighting spirit. Signup and view all the answers

What does cognitive psychology aim to understand?

Computational processes involved in perceiving, storing, remembering, analyzing, and interpreting information. Signup and view all the answers

According to the Cognitive Approach, how does the mind and computers process information?

Both the mind and computers process information by inputting, outputting, accessing, storing, retrieving, and analyzing information. Signup and view all the answers

What is one key characteristic that only humans possess, as mentioned in the mind as a computer analogy?

Consciousness and self-awareness. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Cognitive Approach suggest about the language used to describe mental processes?

The Cognitive Approach suggests using objective information processing language to talk about mental processes. Signup and view all the answers

How did John Locke view the human mind at birth?

John Locke viewed the human mind as a tabula rasa at birth, meaning a blank slate. Signup and view all the answers

What dualism did René Descartes propose?

René Descartes proposed dualism between a material body and an immaterial mind or soul. Signup and view all the answers

What was Immanuel Kant's distinction between noumenal and phenomenal reality?

Immanuel Kant proposed two domains of reality: noumenal (unknowable by senses) and phenomenal (knowable by senses). Signup and view all the answers

How did Rationalists acquire knowledge according to the text?

Rationalists acquired knowledge through thinking and logical analysis. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes cognitive psychology from other paradigms?

It assumes that people are designed to process information and embraces the use of the scientific method. Signup and view all the answers

How does cognitive psychology view internal mental states compared to behaviorist psychology?

Cognitive psychology views internal mental states as objective computational ones, unlike behaviorist psychology which does not explicitly acknowledge internal mental states. Signup and view all the answers

What analogy does cognitive psychology use to describe the mind?

Cognitive psychology highlights the mind as a computer analogy. Signup and view all the answers

Why does cognitive psychology reject introspection as a valid method of investigation?

Cognitive psychology rejects introspection as it aims to focus on objective computational internal states rather than subjective states like those explored in humanism. Signup and view all the answers

How does cognitive psychology explain behavior?

Cognitive explanations identify computational processes giving rise to behavior, similar to understanding the software of a computer to predict its behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What role do computers play in helping us understand the mind, according to cognitive psychology?

Computers can help us understand the mind by serving as an analogy, where understanding computer software can aid in understanding and predicting behavior. Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed the Analytical Engine, a more ambitious machine than the Difference Engine?

Charles Babbage Signup and view all the answers

What did Alan Turing invent in 1936 that laid the foundation for the modern computer?

The principle of the modern computer Signup and view all the answers

During which war did Alan Turing serve as a cryptanalyst and help break the German code?

World War II Signup and view all the answers

What did Claude Shannon develop in his landmark 1948 paper 'A Mathematical Theory of Communication'?

Information theory Signup and view all the answers

What did the Analytical Engine, proposed by Charles Babbage, have that the Difference Engine did not?

Memory store and a central processing unit Signup and view all the answers

What test did Alan Turing create to determine whether computers can exhibit intelligent behavior?

The Turing test Signup and view all the answers

What are the typical dependent variables in cognitive studies?

Percent correct/error rate, Reaction time (milliseconds) Signup and view all the answers

Explain why correlational studies cannot infer causation.

Correlational studies can only show a relationship between variables but cannot determine cause and effect. Signup and view all the answers

In a correlational study on confidence and accuracy of eyewitnesses, what type of relationship was found?

Not a strong positive correlation Signup and view all the answers

What do postmortem studies in psychobiological research involve?

Examining the cortex of dyslexics after death Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of monitoring a participant doing a cognitive task in psychobiological studies?

To measure brain activity while the participant is engaged in the task Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of self-reports in cognitive studies?

An individual's own account of cognitive processes Signup and view all the answers