Cognitive Psychology and Neuroscience History

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Questions and Answers

According to David Marr, at which level of cognition do we need to understand the problem our brains need to solve?

  • Level 1: Computational (correct)
  • Level 3: Implementation
  • Level 2: Algorithmic
  • Level 4: Experiential

What is the main focus of cognitive neuroscience, according to the given text?

  • Studying consciousness
  • Understanding brain constraints (correct)
  • Investigating the psychology of language
  • Exploring neural pathways

Which early theory of brain organization suggested that any part of the brain can support any cognitive function?

  • Localization
  • Equipotentiality (correct)
  • Plasticity
  • Modularity

What was criticized as 'terrible pseudoscience' in the given text?

<p>Phrenology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Karl Lashley's evidence in favor of equipotentiality?

<p>Mice were able to navigate a maze despite small brain lesions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle of mass action proposed by Karl Lashley?

<p>Trauma to the brain can be compensated by other areas taking over (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Broca's patient Tan demonstrate as a result of damage to Broca's area?

<p>Good comprehension but slow speech with many errors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Huth and colleagues study observe regarding representations in the brain?

<p>Representations tended to be distributed over large patches of cortex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is semantic memory responsible for?

<p>Memory for facts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the resting-state fMRI study measure?

<p>Oxygen levels in blood as a proxy for neuronal activity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of the first cognitive psychology textbook by Neisser in 1967?

<p>Visual and auditory processing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to David Marr, at which level of cognition do we need to understand the problem our brains need to solve?

<p>Computational level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What approach does cognitive neuroscience tend to focus on, based on the given text?

<p>Implementation mechanisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which early theory of brain organization suggests that any part of the brain can support any cognitive function?

<p>Equipotentiality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Karl Lashley's search for the "engram" or memory trace provide evidence for?

<p>Equipotentiality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle did Karl Lashley propose in the event of trauma to the brain?

<p>Mass action (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Broca's patient Tan demonstrate as a result of damage to the left inferior frontal gyrus (Broca's area)?

<p>Good comprehension but slow speech and contained many errors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Huth and colleagues study observe regarding representations in the brain?

<p>Distributed representations over large patches of cortex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are semantic memory and episodic memory responsible for?

<p>Semantic memory: Memory for general knowledge, Episodic memory: Memory for specific events (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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