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Questions and Answers
Which aspect of psychology does Gestalt theory primarily focus on?
Which aspect of psychology does Gestalt theory primarily focus on?
What therapeutic technique is based on Gestalt psychology?
What therapeutic technique is based on Gestalt psychology?
In what area has Gestalt theory continued to be influential?
In what area has Gestalt theory continued to be influential?
Which of the following is NOT a focus of cognitive psychology inspired by Gestalt principles?
Which of the following is NOT a focus of cognitive psychology inspired by Gestalt principles?
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What was Sigmund Freud's primary contribution to the field of psychology?
What was Sigmund Freud's primary contribution to the field of psychology?
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What element distinguishes Gestalt psychology from other psychological perspectives?
What element distinguishes Gestalt psychology from other psychological perspectives?
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Gestalt psychology is associated with which type of awareness?
Gestalt psychology is associated with which type of awareness?
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Who is a notable figure associated with the development of Gestalt psychology?
Who is a notable figure associated with the development of Gestalt psychology?
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What is the primary method through which transmitted culture is learned?
What is the primary method through which transmitted culture is learned?
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Which cultural form is suggested to have more influence on human psychological functioning?
Which cultural form is suggested to have more influence on human psychological functioning?
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What has contributed to the acceleration of cultural change in recent decades?
What has contributed to the acceleration of cultural change in recent decades?
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What term describes the phenomenon where one culture becomes dominant over others?
What term describes the phenomenon where one culture becomes dominant over others?
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Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor contributing to acculturation?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor contributing to acculturation?
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What evidence is provided regarding U.S. American psychology's influence globally?
What evidence is provided regarding U.S. American psychology's influence globally?
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According to the discussion, how did the rate of cultural changes vary in earlier times compared to recent decades?
According to the discussion, how did the rate of cultural changes vary in earlier times compared to recent decades?
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What is one of the primary characteristics of cultures as mentioned?
What is one of the primary characteristics of cultures as mentioned?
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When was the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) established?
When was the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) established?
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Which of the following events took place first in the timeline of Indian psychology?
Which of the following events took place first in the timeline of Indian psychology?
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What was highlighted in the Pondicherry Manifesto of Indian Psychology in 2003?
What was highlighted in the Pondicherry Manifesto of Indian Psychology in 2003?
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Which year marked the establishment of the National Academy of Psychology (NAOP)?
Which year marked the establishment of the National Academy of Psychology (NAOP)?
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What aspect of Indian psychology has gained increased attention according to recent trends?
What aspect of Indian psychology has gained increased attention according to recent trends?
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In which year did NAOP’s journal Psychological Studies become international?
In which year did NAOP’s journal Psychological Studies become international?
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Which of the following challenges is increasingly being studied in Indian psychology?
Which of the following challenges is increasingly being studied in Indian psychology?
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What significant change in psychology in India occurred post-2003?
What significant change in psychology in India occurred post-2003?
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What type of cognitive processing is demonstrated more by hunters-gatherers compared to agriculturists?
What type of cognitive processing is demonstrated more by hunters-gatherers compared to agriculturists?
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What factor is highlighted as influencing cognitive functioning in children, especially among Indian Adivasi children?
What factor is highlighted as influencing cognitive functioning in children, especially among Indian Adivasi children?
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Which references are developed first according to Piaget's theory of spatial understanding?
Which references are developed first according to Piaget's theory of spatial understanding?
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What is true about the cognitive processes referred to in the studies mentioned?
What is true about the cognitive processes referred to in the studies mentioned?
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In the sequence of spatial cognitive development proposed by Piaget, which reference is last to develop?
In the sequence of spatial cognitive development proposed by Piaget, which reference is last to develop?
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What does Jagratavastha represent in the study of consciousness?
What does Jagratavastha represent in the study of consciousness?
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Which of the following best describes the findings about wage earners' cognitive styles in relation to hunters-gatherers?
Which of the following best describes the findings about wage earners' cognitive styles in relation to hunters-gatherers?
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Which type of references follows topological references in Piaget's sequence of spatial development?
Which type of references follows topological references in Piaget's sequence of spatial development?
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Which state of consciousness is described as the dichotomy between grossness and subtlety disappearing?
Which state of consciousness is described as the dichotomy between grossness and subtlety disappearing?
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What role does school education play according to the findings?
What role does school education play according to the findings?
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What characterizes Turiyavastha in the context of consciousness?
What characterizes Turiyavastha in the context of consciousness?
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What aspect of the individual does Indian psychology focus on according to Rao and Paranjpe?
What aspect of the individual does Indian psychology focus on according to Rao and Paranjpe?
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What does the term 'nididhyasan' refer to in the levels of functioning?
What does the term 'nididhyasan' refer to in the levels of functioning?
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Which limitation did Indian psychology face during the British colonial era?
Which limitation did Indian psychology face during the British colonial era?
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What is the focus of Swapnavastha in states of consciousness?
What is the focus of Swapnavastha in states of consciousness?
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How does the concept of mind relate to body and consciousness in Indian psychology?
How does the concept of mind relate to body and consciousness in Indian psychology?
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Study Notes
Gestalt Psychology and Cognitive Psychology
- Gestalt ideas have integrated into cognitive psychology, addressing perception, learning, memory, thought processes, and problem-solving.
- Basic Gestalt principles of perception are still essential in contemporary psychology.
- Gestalt therapy is a therapeutic technique rooted in Gestalt principles, emphasizing perception and sensation.
Sigmund Freud and Psychoanalysis
- Sigmund Freud emerged as a prominent figure in psychology, particularly during the rise of structuralism and functionalism.
- Freud's theories remain influential and central to discussions in psychology.
Cultural Influence on Psychology
- Cultural transmission occurs through social interactions and environmental contexts, impacting cognitive differentiation.
- Evidence supports the concept of "transmitted culture" as a stronger influence on psychological functioning compared to "evoked culture."
- Acculturation involves cultural change due to increased interaction among diverse cultural groups, influenced by modern transportation and communication.
Cognitive Processes and Acculturation
- Cognitive processes are universal, but they are shaped by eco-cultural contexts and personal experiences.
- Education, particularly school systems, significantly affects cognitive functioning, notably among marginalized groups.
Spatial Language and Cognitive Development
- Piaget proposed a developmental sequence for spatial understanding among children, evolving from topological to Euclidean references.
- This sequence is considered universal in cognitive development studies.
States of Consciousness
- Four states of consciousness include:
- Jagratavastha: Wakeful state with awareness of the physical world.
- Swapnavastha: Dream state reflecting subconscious knowledge and divinity.
- Prajnavastha: Transcendental consciousness where distinctions between gross and subtle disappear.
- Turiyavastha: Highest state of pure and steady super consciousness.
Indian Psychology
- Indian psychology was historically neglected during British colonialism, leading to a lack of recognition for Indian knowledge systems.
- The study of individual experience (jiva), involving body, mind, and consciousness, forms the basis of Indian psychology.
- Recently, a resurgence of interest in Indian psychology and indigenous knowledge systems has emerged, supported by various academic institutions.
Development of Psychology in India
- Establishment of significant institutions includes:
- NIMHANS in 1955.
- IAAP in 1962.
- The hospital for mental diseases in Ranchi in 1962.
- Formation of the Indian Association of Clinical Psychologists in 1968 and NAOP in 1989.
- Key events include the Pondicherry Manifesto of 2003 advocating for a shift to Indian psychology and the 2009 conference of the Asian Association of Social Psychology in Delhi.
Contemporary Trends
- There is a growing focus on culturally appropriate psychology that addresses local challenges, such as poverty and prejudice.
- An increase in academic interest is evident in exploring indigenous psychological ideas and practices.
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Description
Explore the integration of Gestalt principles within cognitive psychology. This quiz delves into how Gestalt ideas influence perception, learning, memory, and problem-solving processes in the modern understanding of cognition.
