Cognitive Neuroscience Fundamentals

<p>Brain lesioning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>EEG (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bumps on the skull indicate enhanced cognitive abilities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>First TMS study (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Understanding action potentials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process of knowing arising from awareness, perception, and reasoning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Computational, Algorithmic, and Implementation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Computational level (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Different parts of the brain have specialized functions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It explains how behaviors promote survival and reproduction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Earth forms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>How brain functions enable cognitive processes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Identifying the physical substrates that perform the algorithm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Whole brain participates in behavior. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phineas Gage's frontal lobe damage. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Morphological properties of neurons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Broca's area. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Topographic organization of the cortex. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isolating organs detracts from understanding their functions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Damage to Wernicke's area affects language comprehension. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Defining brain regions by their blood flow. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It revealed differences in nerve cells. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Empiricism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pleasant outcomes increase the likelihood of behavior repetition. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The nature vs. nurture influence on disorders. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The theory that ideas become interconnected to form knowledge. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The concept that certain brain areas are responsible for specific functions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Santiago Ramon y Cajal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Whether specific functions are localized in certain brain regions or shared across multiple areas. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Localized sensory and motor functions through stimulation and ablation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He created detailed maps of sensory and motor cortices through brain stimulation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neurons that fire together, wire together. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The student of Hebb who worked with H.M. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pulsations in the brain correspond to specific physiological functions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The role of probability in language prediction. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The limitations of short-term memory capacity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Walter K.'s visual cortex analysis with Fulton and Kety. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of knowing derived from awareness, perception, and reasoning.

The study of the nervous system and its impact on behavior and cognitive functions.

The field that explores how the brain enables the mind and cognitive functions.

The level focusing on the goal or purpose of a behavior.

The level that addresses the processes and steps to achieve a behavior.

The level that examines the physical substrate that executes the algorithm.

The study of why a behavior evolved and its role in survival and reproduction.

The inquiry into where cognitive functions arise within the brain.

The basic functional unit of the brain involved in processing information.

The idea that knowledge can be gained through reason alone, not sensory experience.

The belief that knowledge comes from sensory experience and observation.

A theory suggesting that ideas interact and become linked in the mind.

States that behaviors followed by pleasant outcomes are likely to be repeated.

The concept that certain brain functions are specialized in specific areas.

Debate on whether brain functions are localized or spread across regions.

The debate on the influence of genetics (nature) and experience (nurture) on development.

Believed the heart is the seat of intelligence and brain cools blood.

Proposed that mind and body are separate, with mind being immortal and body physical.

According to Descartes, the pineal gland interacts with the body through animal spirits in the ventricles.

Argued that mental and physical are two aspects of the same substance.

Broca published a crucial paper in 1861 on the localization of language in the brain.

Gall and Spurzheim's theory that different brain areas are responsible for specific functions, linked to skull shape.

Conducted experiments that removed brain portions and noted effects on behavior, debunking localization.

CT, MRI, and PET scans developed in the late 20th century for brain research.

Theory stating whole brain participates in behavior.

Debate on whether specific brain areas or the whole brain governs functions.

A case where frontal brain damage changed personality and decision-making.

Brain region associated with speech production.

Brain region linked to speech comprehension.

Study of cellular architecture in the brain.

Brain region identified as crucial for face recognition.

Mapping relationship between motor cortex and seizure progression.

Experimented with electrical stimulation in dogs to produce movement.

Pioneer who localized brain functions through stimulation and ablation methods.

Surgeon known for creating topographical maps of brain cortices by stimulating brains to treat epilepsy.

Patient with hippocampus removal to prevent seizures, known for significant contributions to neuroscience.

A theory stating that neurons that fire together strengthen their connections.

Describes the capacity limitations of the mind as 'Magical Number 7 ± 2'.

Proposed that language learning is governed by grammatical rules, not probabilities.

Recorded brain pulsations and correlated them with function, introducing the 'human circulation balance'.