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Questions and Answers
At what age does the Sensorimotor Stage occur in Piaget's theory?
In the Concrete stage of cognitive development, children develop logical thinking skills.
True
What is the primary focus of Cognitive Development Theory?
Intellectual development through adaptation to the environment
The stage where children engage in symbolic play is called the ______ stage.
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Match the following developmental stages with their corresponding conflicts:
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Which of the following best describes the Post-conventional level of moral reasoning?
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In Kohlberg's theory, the Pre-conventional level involves making judgments based solely on societal norms.
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What dilemma is associated with Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
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Developing low self-esteem is associated with the ______ stage in Erikson's theory.
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What is the main conflict during the Intimacy vs. Isolation stage?
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Study Notes
Jean Piaget
- Proposed stages of cognitive development with qualitative differences
Stages of Cognitive Development
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Sensorimotor Stage (0-2 years old)
- Child discovers the difference between themselves and the environment
- Develops coordinated motor and sensation skills
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Pre-operational Stage (2-7 years old)
- Characterized by egocentricity and animism
- Children begin to engage in symbolic play
- Utilize intuitive problem solving
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Concrete Operational Stage (7-11 years old)
- Develops logical thinking skills
- Achieves the ability to conserve (understand that changing the form of an object doesn't change its quantity)
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Formal Operational Stage (11-15 years old)
- Achieves abstract thought
- Develops propositional thinking (ability to reason based on hypothetical propositions)
- Exhibits strong idealism
Lawrence Kohlberg
- Studied moral reasoning development in children, using the Heinz Dilemma
Heinz Dilemma
- A man's wife is terminally ill
- The only cure is an expensive medicine the man can't afford
- The chemist refuses to lower the price
- The man breaks into the pharmacy to steal the medicine
Theory of Moral Development
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Pre-conventional Level
- Judgements based on rewards and punishments
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Conventional Level
- Judgements based on social approval and societal expectations
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Post-conventional Level
- Judgements based on ethical principles and universal values
Erik Erikson
- Proposed stages of psychosocial development
Stages of Psychosocial Development
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Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy)
- Develops a sense of security and comfort or mistrust of the world
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Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Early Childhood)
- Develops a sense of responsibility and independence or remains dependent and unsecure
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Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool)
- Learns to plan and develop judgment, or develops guilt about personal needs and desires
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Industry vs. Inferiority (School Age)
- Develops interest and skills, meets societal standards, or develops low self-esteem
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Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young Adulthood)
- Forms meaningful relationships or becomes isolated
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Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle Adulthood)
- Contributes to the future generation or experiences a lack of productivity
-
Ego Integrity vs. Despair (Late Adulthood)
- Accepts past life as meaningful or loses hope
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Description
This quiz explores the stages of cognitive development as proposed by Jean Piaget, detailing the characteristics of each stage from sensorimotor to formal operational. Additionally, it touches on Lawrence Kohlberg's work on moral reasoning using the Heinz Dilemma. Test your understanding of these foundational theories in child development.
