Questions and Answers
What type of certificate of fitness must the person supervising the fuel-oil transfer hold?
P-98 Certificate of Fitness
Which factors must be considered in designing the fuel-oil transfer system? (Select all that apply)
_______________________ fires are caused by ordinary combustible materials (wood, paper, and cloth).
Class A
Who must hold a P-98 Certificate of Fitness when supervising a stationary fuel-oil storage tank?
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The periodic inspection and testing of such tanks and piping shall be conducted under the _____________ of such P-98 Certificate of Fitness holder.
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How often should fuel-oil storage tanks and piping systems be inspected for leaks?
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How often should float switches in fuel-oil storage tanks be tested?
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Which department issues a certificate of compliance for operating oil burning equipment?
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What codes require the P-98 Certificate of Fitness for transporting fuel from lower levels to upper floors? (Select all that apply)
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The oil storage tank provides the supply of oil for combustion in the ____________.
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What circulates the oil throughout the oil storage tank system?
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Dirt and sediment are present in the fuel-oil coming from the oil storage tank.
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What removes most contaminants from the oil before it reaches the burner's strainer?
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The suction line has to be at least ______ inches from the bottom of the tank for sediments not to be absorbed.
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Excessive vacuum readings indicate that there is an obstruction in the suction line.
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What device is used to measure pressure below atmospheric pressure?
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What device is designed to shut down the burner system if there is a failure of ignition or combustion?
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What is electrically operated and will open or close the line leading to the atomizer for oil burners?
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Oil circulates through the piping system back to the storage tank through the oil return line.
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What is provided for safety if the pressure in the oil piping system becomes too great?
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____________ is stored by the storage tank. It has an oil level gauge which shows the amount collected.
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Combustion is the chemical union of oxygen in the air with which elements? (Select all that apply)
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During the combustion process, what percentage of the carbon content of fuel-oil unites with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide?
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The hydrogen content of the oil (about 14%) unites with the _________ and produces water.
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What is primarily a device for processing the liquid fuel for combustion?
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What is the air that contacts the oil prior to its leaving the nozzle referred to as?
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The introduction of air from the blower or fan into the combustion chamber after the oil has left the nozzle is referred to as?
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The mixture of oil and air is sprayed in vapor form into a __________ area where combustion takes place.
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____________ is considered as the end product of incomplete combustion.
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What color indicates that a lack of air is present during combustion?
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A __________ is an indication of a great amount of excess air.
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_____________ operate with an internal combustion engine.
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How often should diesel generators be tested?
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Ideally, diesel engines should run at least around 60-75% of their maximum rated load and at around _______ of their maximum speed.
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What is required in the oil line to separate dirt and sediment? (Select all that apply)
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What permits the operator to stop the flow of oil to clean the strainer?
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An oil burner is activated by which of the following controls?
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Approval from the NYC Environmental Protection Agency is required before changing any grade of fuel-oil.
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The mixture of fuel-oil and air is ignited at first by electric ignition.
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After ignition of the fuel-oil and air, combustion is maintained by retained heat in which component?
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What is a flame detection control that will shut down an oil burner if a flame is not visible?
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An _________ operates the oil burner in the summer for domestic hot water purposes.
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What is the automatic electric control that shuts the burner off when the water level is below a safe operating point?
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What device is used to indicate the water level of a steam boiler?
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What type of control will automatically shut down the boiler when no flame is detected?
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What device mounted on the smokestack will shut down an oil burner if there is excessive smoke?
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The smoke alarm designed to shut down an oil burner is also a required combustion and ____________ control.
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What shows the steam pressure inside the steam boiler?
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Normal steam pressure for low pressure boilers cannot exceed more than ________.
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What device is used to relieve excessive steam pressure?
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Glazing occurs because of low combustion temperatures and pressures in the engine cylinder.
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A defective oil cut-off valve can lead to a condition referred to as ____________.
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Working clearances between oil-fired appliances and electrical panel boards must comply with the:
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What must all fuel-oil piping and storage tanks be hydrostatically tested for tightness by? (Select all that apply)
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During the hydrostatic test, the piping shall be tested at _______ percent of the maximum working pressure.
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Appliances must not be converted from the fuel grade specified on the rating plate without which approval?
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Which Certificate of Fitness holder is authorized to make regular inspections of oil burning equipment while in operation?
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What helps to regulate the temperature in the room for the generator?
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What must be provided to stop the flow of oil to any burner?
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What must all controls designed to stop the flow of oil to the burner during an emergency situation be labeled as?
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How much fuel-oil can be stored inside any building?
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Fuel-oil above the lowest floor inside a building shall be limited to how many gallons per story?
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"Day tanks" must be provided with secondary containment of a capacity at least _________ the capacity of the tank served.
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Equipment whose combustion products have a temperature of 600 degrees Fahrenheit or less under normal conditions is classified as?
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Equipment whose combustion products have a temperature between 600 and 1000 degrees Fahrenheit under normal operating conditions is classified as?
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Fuel-oil tanks must be filled by a __________ supplied from a primary storage tank.
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What is required at the base of shafts enclosing the supply and overflow piping?
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What type of portable fire extinguishers are appropriate for use in case of fire with a fuel-oil storage? (Select all that apply)
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How far away must portable fire extinguishers be located from fuel-oil fired equipment?
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How often are portable fire extinguishers required to be checked?
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The use of the word "should" refers to?
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The use of the word "shall" refers to?
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Study Notes
Fuel-Oil Transfer Supervision
- A P-98 Certificate of Fitness is mandatory for supervising fuel-oil transfers within buildings.
- The design of the fuel-oil transfer system must consider maximum suction, flow rate, oil piping design, and control strategies.
Fire Classes
- Class A fires are caused by ordinary combustibles like wood, paper, and cloth. Water is effective for extinguishing these fires.
Tank Supervision and Inspections
- Stationary fuel-oil storage tanks require general supervision by a P-98 Certificate of Fitness holder.
- Inspections and testing of tanks and piping must be conducted under the personal supervision of this certificate holder and shall occur weekly.
Compliance and Regulations
- Operating oil-burning equipment requires a certificate of compliance from the NYC Department of Buildings.
- The P-98 C of F is necessary for buildings transporting fuel from lower to upper floors per NYC Fire Code and Mechanical Code.
Combustion and Fuel System
- The oil storage tank supplies oil for combustion in an oil burner, kept inside a dike.
- The suction pump circulates oil through the system, while contaminants, including dirt and sediment, are present in fuel-oil.
Maintenance Equipment
- An oil filter removes most contaminants before oil reaches the burner's strainer, while the suction line must be at least 6 inches above the tank bottom to avoid sediment.
Safety Devices
- Excessive vacuum readings indicate potential obstructions in the suction line.
- A vacuum gauge measures pressure below atmospheric levels, while the main fuel valve shuts down the burner in case of ignition failure.
Oil Burner Operations
- Oil circulation returns through an oil return line, with pressure relief valves improving safety against excessive pressure.
- A leak collector is used to store excess oil and monitor levels.
Combustion Chemistry
- Combustion combines oxygen with combustible fuels, primarily consisting of fuel and oil.
- Around 85% of carbon from fuel unites with oxygen during combustion, forming carbon dioxide and monoxide.
Air Introduction in Combustion
- Primary air contacts oil before it exits the nozzle; secondary air is introduced into the combustion chamber post-nozzle.
Generators and Testing
- Diesel generators, using internal combustion engines, require monthly testing by qualified technicians for efficiency.
- Proper engine operation requires running at 60-75% of maximum load.
Fuel Management and Storage
- Strainers and oil burners are necessary to separate impurities in the oil line.
- A shut-off valve allows flow control for maintenance, while appliances must not change specified fuel grades without NY approval.
Boiler Controls
- Essential controls include low water cut-off, primary relay for flame detection, and a smoke alarm for emission control.
- Steam pressure gauges indicate steam boiler conditions, with a maximum normal pressure not exceeding 15 psi.
Safety Measures
- Glazing due to low combustion can cause efficiency issues, while a defective valve can lead to after-drip conditions, posing fire hazards.
- Clearances between oil equipment and electrical panels must align with NYC Electrical Code standards.
Testing and Extinguishers
- Hydrostatic tests for fuel-oil piping and storage tanks must occur at 150% of maximum pressure.
- Fire extinguishers suitable for fuel-oil fires include Class B and ABC multi-purpose types, located within 30 feet of equipment and checked monthly.
Regulatory Language
- "Should" represents recommendations, while "shall" indicates strict requirements per the Fire Code or FDNY.
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Test your knowledge with this practice quiz focused on the P-98 Certificate of Fitness for supervising fuel-oil transfers. Learn about the key factors in designing efficient fuel-oil transfer systems and ensure you understand the requirements for certification.