Questions and Answers
What does CODIS stand for?
Combined DNA Index System
Who maintains the CODIS system?
FBI
What is CODIS?
A DNA database system that contains DNA profiles of individuals contributed by state and federal agencies.
Who does the data in CODIS come from?
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What are the differences between CODIS and NCIC?
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What is NCIC?
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CODIS uses what method of DNA fingerprinting exclusively?
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How does copy number variations or polymorphisms in STRs allow for a distinctive genetic fingerprint?
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The database relies on ___ specific human markers to make identifications.
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Sex determination is based on the _________ marker.
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What is the ACLU concerned about regarding CODIS?
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Study Notes
CODIS Overview
- CODIS stands for Combined DNA Index System and is maintained by the FBI.
- It serves as a DNA database containing profiles contributed by state and federal agencies.
Data Sources
- DNA data in CODIS comes from various sources including convicted offenders, arrestees, legal detainees, forensic casework, unidentified human remains, missing persons, and relatives of missing persons.
CODIS vs. NCIC
- CODIS is exclusively a DNA database, providing DNA profiles without personal identifying information.
- NCIC (National Criminal Information Center) is a criminal history database, containing comprehensive personal information such as name, age, social security number, and criminal history.
DNA Fingerprinting Method
- CODIS utilizes STR (short tandem repeats) analysis exclusively for DNA fingerprinting.
- STRs are characterized by variations in the number of repeats at specific loci, allowing for a unique genetic fingerprint for each individual.
Identification Markers
- The system relies on 13 specific human markers that are highly variable, enhancing identification accuracy.
- The AMEL (amelogenin) marker is specifically used for determining sex in DNA samples.
Concerns Regarding CODIS
- The ACLU raises concerns about increased collections of "arrest" DNA, highlighting privacy issues since many arrests do not lead to convictions.
- There is a risk of discrimination against individuals whose DNA profiles are stored in the database.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) with these flashcards. Learn what CODIS stands for, who maintains it, and the sources of data it utilizes. This quiz is perfect for anyone interested in forensic science and criminal justice.
