Questions and Answers
What is diversity?
What is surface-level diversity?
Differences that are observable and typically unchangeable.
What is deep-level diversity?
Differences learned through extended interaction, including personality, attitudes, beliefs, and values.
How do individual differences impact behavior?
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What are the big 5 personality traits?
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What is self-monitoring behavior?
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What is self-efficacy?
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What is self-esteem?
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What does locus of control refer to?
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What does person-organization fit mean?
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What are the three categories of organizational justice?
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What is a psychological contract?
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Which of the following are considered individual differences?
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Job satisfaction and organizational commitment are two of the most widely studied attitudes.
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What are the four most widely studied work behaviors?
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Study Notes
Diversity
- Diversity encompasses a variety of demographic, cultural, and personal differences among employees and customers within an organization.
Surface-Level Diversity
- Surface-level diversity includes observable and typically unchangeable characteristics such as age, sex, race/ethnicity, and physical disabilities.
- Managers face specific challenges due to these visible differences.
Deep-Level Diversity
- Deep-level diversity involves traits learned through extended interaction, including personality, attitudes, beliefs, and values.
- Acknowledging deep-level diversity can reduce prejudice and conflict, enhance social integration, and improve financial performance.
Individual Differences
- Work-related attitudes significantly influence work-related behavior.
Personality
- Personality is defined by stable psychological traits and behavioral attributes that shape an individual's identity.
The Big 5 Personality Traits
- Key personality traits include:
- Openness to experience
- Conscientiousness
- Extraversion
- Agreeableness
- Neuroticism (emotional stability)
Self-Monitoring Behavior
- Self-monitoring refers to adjusting one’s behavior based on the actions and expectations of others.
Self-Efficacy
- Self-efficacy is an individual’s inherent ability to perform well in a specific task.
Self-Esteem
- A strong sense of self-esteem is essential for achieving success.
Locus of Control
- Locus of control refers to the belief about the extent of control one has over life events, categorized as internal or external.
Two Aspects of Person-Environment Fit
- Person-Organization Fit: Matches personality, values, and goals with the organization.
- Person-Job Fit: Aligns knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics (KSAO) with job demands.
Other Individual Differences
- Factors include organizational justice and psychological contract.
Organizational Justice
- Comprised of three categories:
- Procedural: Fairness in policies and processes.
- Distributive: Fair allocation of resources, compensation, and benefits.
- Interactional: The treatment of individuals with dignity and respect.
Psychological Contract
- Represents the informal, unspoken agreement where employees contribute to the organization in expectations of reciprocal benefits.
Impact of Individual Differences
- Encompasses traits such as personality, person-environment fit, job characteristics, and others affecting work-related attitudes and behaviors.
Two Widely Studied Attitudes
- Job satisfaction and organizational commitment are heavily examined attitudes influenced by individual differences and can also affect them.
Most Widely Studied Work Behaviors
- Important work behaviors include job performance and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs), along with absenteeism.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Chapter 12 of COB 300 Management with these flashcards. This chapter focuses on diversity within organizations, discussing both surface-level and deep-level diversity. Challenge yourself to understand the key concepts and definitions related to workplace diversity.
