Questions and Answers
What major natural event occurred in 2022 that highlights issues in coastal management?
Which of the following is NOT a category of issues related to Tsunamis and Storm Surges?
Who among the following is involved in managing coastal zones?
What is a characteristic of the coastal zone?
Signup and view all the answers
Which agency is primarily responsible for conservation efforts in the coastal zone?
Signup and view all the answers
Which factor complicates current management of coastal areas?
Signup and view all the answers
What is crucial for effective coastal environmental management?
Signup and view all the answers
Which level of authority is NOT involved in coastal management?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one of the main reasons for increasing population in coastal areas?
Signup and view all the answers
What percentage of the population in the industrialized world lives within 60 km of the coast?
Signup and view all the answers
What is NOT a cause of population growth in coastal regions?
Signup and view all the answers
How does coastal infrastructure development typically respond to population growth?
Signup and view all the answers
What attracts people to coastal cities besides job opportunities?
Signup and view all the answers
Which resource exploitation is NOT typically associated with coastal areas?
Signup and view all the answers
What is characterized by physical, biological, or cultural criteria in a coastal zone?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is considered a landward issue in coastal zone management?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a potential impact on coastal systems related to physical character?
Signup and view all the answers
Which seaward issue involves the extraction of resources from the marine environment?
Signup and view all the answers
Which impact on coastal systems involves disturbance of ecosystems?
Signup and view all the answers
What does coastal use conflict with according to management issues?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an example of an impact on natural heritage in coastal systems?
Signup and view all the answers
Which activity is NOT a seaward issue considered in coastal zone management?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary focus of tourism in many developing nations along the coast?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT listed as an environmental issue related to tourism?
Signup and view all the answers
What proportion of coastal biodiversity is currently protected in marine protected areas (MPAs)?
Signup and view all the answers
Which coastal hazard is recognized as influenced by climate change?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a significant social issue related to tourism in coastal areas?
Signup and view all the answers
Which infrastructure is essential for the operational support in major coastal areas?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the three response options identified by the IPCC for planning sea level rise?
Signup and view all the answers
What administrative issue complicates effective coastal management?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Coastal Management Overview
- Recent natural events, such as the 2022 Hunga Tonga volcanic eruption, TC Winston (2016), the Japan earthquake (2011), and the 2004 Boxing Day tsunami have highlighted the importance of coastal management.
- Coastal management issues are multifaceted, including social, political, economic, physical, ecological, and moral/ethical dimensions.
Impacts of Tsunamis and Storm Surges
- Social: Displacement of communities, increased public health risks.
- Political: Conflicts over resource allocation, governance challenges.
- Economic: Damage to infrastructure, loss of tourism revenue, increased insurance costs.
- Physical: Erosion, habitat destruction, alteration of landscapes.
- Ecological: Biodiversity loss, disruption of ecosystems and food chains.
- Moral/Ethical: Responsibility towards vulnerable populations, equitable resource distribution.
Coastal Zone Definition
- Coastal Zone is defined as the interaction area between air, water, and land, demonstrating environmental gradients and transition zones.
Current Management Challenges
- Numerous agencies involved in coastal management create jurisdictional overlaps and duplication of efforts.
- Various levels of authority influence coastal management, from international to local levels.
Key Agencies in Coastal Management
- Fiji Navy, Maritime Safety Authority of Fiji (MSAF), Ministry of Fisheries, Department of Lands, Department of Environment, Town and City Councils, Climate Change Division, Disasters Management Office (DISMAC), and NGOs like WCS and WWF.
Coastal Zone Management Challenges
- Landward Issues: Port developments, marinas, major commercial projects, and coastal defenses.
- Seaward Issues: Waste disposal, fishing activities, water sports, and marine resource extraction.
Environmental and Societal Impacts
- Physical Character: Landscape loss, sediment transport disruption, decline in beach quality.
- Natural Heritage: Habitat loss, ecosystem disturbance, decline in fish resources.
- Coastal Use Conflicts: Incompatibility of uses, pressure on marine services, impact on local businesses.
Population Trends
- Over 50% of the industrialized world lives within 60 km of coastlines, with urban migration contributing to growth.
- Future projections indicate an increase in coastal population due to economic opportunities and lifestyle choices.
Resource Exploitation Activities
- Coastal zones are used for aquaculture, fisheries, tourism, and various infrastructure developments due to their high economic potential.
Tourism and Recreation Dynamics
- The coastal tourism sector faces environmental and social challenges, including habitat destruction, pollution, and local community displacement.
Biodiversity Conservation
- Current protected areas are limited, but they aim to meet the conservation objectives outlined in international frameworks like Agenda 21.
Pollution Concerns
- Coastal water quality is threatened by industrial and sewage pollution, oil spills, and runoff from urban areas.
Coastal Hazards
- Includes cyclones, storm surges, tsunamis, and the impacts of climate change, with significant implications for safety and liability.
Climate Change Adaptation Strategies
- The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has identified approaches for coastal planning, including protection, accommodation, and retreat options.
Administration and Conflict
- Complex governance and overlapping administrative issues complicate effective coastal management, leading to conflicts over resources and management authority.
Conclusion on Coastal Management
- Coastal management issues often revolve around conflicts arising from competing interests, highlighting the need for collaborative solutions.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the critical issues surrounding coastal management highlighted by recent natural events such as volcanic eruptions and tsunamis. This quiz delves into the various social, political, economic, physical, ecological, and moral challenges posed by these disasters. Test your knowledge on how these factors interact and impact coastal regions.
