Coagulation and Hemostasis

Which of the following is NOT a typical reason to perform coagulation testing?

What does primary hemostasis primarily involve?

Secondary hemostasis results in the formation of which of the following?

What process is responsible for the breakdown of a blood clot?

Which of the following is NOT a method for performing coagulation testing?

During primary hemostasis, what is the role of von Willebrand factor (vWF)?

Which of the following is a critical step in secondary hemostasis?

In the context of coagulation, what is the role of tissue factor?

Which test is most useful for evaluating platelet number?

What does the Buccal Mucosa Bleeding Time (BMBT) assess?

Which coagulation test assesses the extrinsic pathway?

What does the Thrombin Time (TT) primarily measure?

Elevated levels of Fibrin Degradation Products (FDPs) and D-dimers indicate what?

What is viscoelastic testing (e.g., thromboelastography) primarily used to evaluate?

Which of the following sample collection techniques is recommended for coagulation testing to minimize the risk of contamination and activation?

What is the purpose of using sodium citrate in blood collection tubes for coagulation testing?

Which of the following can cause interference with coagulation testing?

A blood smear reveals one platelet per high power field (hpf). Estimate the platelet count.

At what platelet count would spontaneous bleeding most likely be observed?

Which of the following platelet counts would be considered 'mild' thrombocytopenia?

A prolonged PT and normal aPTT suggests a deficiency in which coagulation factor?

Vitamin K is required for the synthesis of which coagulation factors?

Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of a prolonged PT?

Which of the following diseases is commonly associated with hyperfibrinolysis?

What does a shortened PT and aPTT indicate?

Which of the following is NOT a common cause of thrombocytopenia?

A patient presents with signs of platelet bleeding but has a normal platelet count. Which of the following conditions should be suspected?

Why is a prolonged thrombin time suggestive of DIC?

The activated clotting time (ACT) provides information most similar to which test?

Which of the following is a potential finding consistent with a hypercoagulable state?

What is the primary use of aminocaproic acid?

How does inflammation induce a hypercoagulable state?

What is the primary difference between Fibrin Degradation Products (FDPs) and D-dimers?

What aspect of coagulation does thromboelastography (TEG) primarily assess?

Which of the following is NOT a component assessed by viscoelastic testing?

In a TEG tracing, what does a rapid clot formation and high maximum amplitude (MA) typically indicate?

Which of the following options is the MOST appropriate choice for reversal of warfarin toxicity?

A test for vWF antigen returns a result of 45%. For what procedure should you consider DDAVP or plasma?

A patient presents to you with a prolonged PT and normal aPTT. You administer vitamin K, and achieve a normal PT 12 hours later. You can definitively rule out:

Besides 'unexplained bleeding', what is another common indication for coagulation testing?

What does fibrinolysis directly result in?

What is a key difference between primary and secondary hemostasis?

What is a limitation of using a blood smear to assess platelet numbers?

What is the significance of tissue factor in secondary hemostasis?

In a coagulation test, what does sodium citrate do?

What could a shortened PT (prothrombin time) and aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) potentially indicate?

What is thromboelastography (TEG) primarily used to evaluate in the context of coagulation?

What is indicated by an elevated D-dimer level?

In what situation would you expect both PT and aPTT to be prolonged?

Which common, inherited platelet disorder would warrant consideration of performing coagulation testing?

What aspect of coagulation is assessed by Thromboelastography?

When performing a coagulation test, what sample type is preferred?

When considering the common causes of coagulopathies, what would thrombocytopenia indicate?

When considering hypercoagulability in regards to infection and inflammation, what triggers cytokines to produce?

Why is a 'clean stick' important when collecting blood for coagulation testing?

What is the rationale behind monitoring anticoagulation therapy?

Which variables can interfere with coagulation testing?

During secondary hemostasis, which role do platelets play?

How does inflammation cause tissue factor expression?

How does using overfilled blood collection tubes impact coagulation testing?

When a patient is suspected to have a coagulopathy, what is the first critical step in the diagnostic process?

Which of the following is the MOST accurate description of Fibrin Degradation Products (FDPs)?

What is suggested by a normal BMBT?

Why is it important to administer platelet modifiers 7-10 days before elective surgery?

You are presented with laboratory results with a prolonged PT and normal aPTT. Which of the following is the least likely etiology?

What is a characteristic of hemophilia?

Which of the following test results would be most expected in a greyhound with delayed hemorrhage following a seemingly minor surgical procedure?

Which of the following is most likely to cause a consumptive coagulopathy?

If a patient presents with a normal platelet count but shows signs of platelet bleeding, what underlying condition should you be suspicious of?

Which patient population is most likely to develop a dilutional coagulopathy?

Which of the following is least likely to be consistent with acquired hemophilia?

If you're seeing clinical evidence of mucosal bleeding, what are you looking for??

What causes an otherwise healthy patient to develop hemorrhage due to trauma?

What is the normal value of platelets in a dog?

In veterinary medicine, coagulation testing is typically considered for which of the following scenarios?

What is the primary difference between primary and secondary hemostasis?

Which of the following best describes fibrinolysis?

Reference laboratories are generally considered the 'gold standard' for coagulation testing due to:

What is a key limitation of handheld coagulation analyzers used in-house?

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in primary hemostasis after endothelial injury?

What is the clinical utility of a blood smear in assessing hemostasis?

If a laboratory report indicates 'platelets clumped but appear adequate' on a CBC, what does this imply?

The Buccal Mucosa Bleeding Time (BMBT) is used to assess:

In the cell-based model of coagulation, tissue factor plays a critical role by:

Inflammation is strongly linked to coagulation because it:

The Prothrombin Time (PT) primarily assesses which coagulation pathway?

The Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) primarily assesses which coagulation pathway?

In coagulation testing, sodium citrate is used as the anticoagulant of choice because:

Overfilling a blue top tube for coagulation testing can lead to:

What is the role of Tissue Plasminogen Activator (TPA) in fibrinolysis?

Aminocaproic acid is used clinically as:

Which of the following coagulation tests is considered a 'whole blood assay' and evaluates clot formation over time, including clot strength and fibrinolysis?

In thromboelastography (TEG), the Maximum Amplitude (MA) primarily reflects:

A TEG tracing that shows a rapid initial clot formation followed by a quick dissolution of the clot is most suggestive of:

Which of the following clinical signs is most suggestive of a primary hemostatic disorder?

A prolonged PT with a normal aPTT is most indicative of a deficiency in which coagulation factor?

What is the typical expected timeline for PT and aPTT prolongation after ingestion of anticoagulant rodenticide?

In a dog with suspected hemophilia, which coagulation test is most crucial for diagnosis?

Why is factor XII deficiency in cats often considered clinically insignificant in terms of bleeding risk?

The Activated Clotting Time (ACT) is considered a 'poor man's PTT' because it:

What is the primary clinical utility of measuring D-dimer levels?

Dilutional coagulopathy is most likely to be a clinical concern in which of the following scenarios?

In greyhounds, prophylactic use of aminocaproic acid is often considered prior to surgery due to their predisposition to:

A shortened PT and aPTT in a patient might be interpreted with caution as potentially indicative of:

Which of the following is a key difference between unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in terms of monitoring?

Rivaroxaban, a factor Xa inhibitor, is considered advantageous compared to warfarin due to:

In a patient with severe thrombocytopenia (e.g., platelet count < 50,000/µL), what procedure should be strictly avoided to minimize the risk of severe bleeding?

What is the rationale for using vincristine in the treatment of immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (ITP)?

In a dog with anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity that is actively bleeding, the immediate treatment of choice to address the coagulopathy is:

Considering the balance between procoagulant and anticoagulant forces, in severe inflammatory conditions like sepsis or pancreatitis, the primary concern regarding coagulation is:

A young Golden Retriever puppy presents with signs of hemothorax and severe anemia. Coagulation testing reveals a normal PT and a markedly prolonged aPTT. Which inherited coagulopathy is the most likely differential?

A dog with hemangiosarcoma and a hemoabdomen is undergoing splenectomy. Postoperatively, the veterinarian is considering whether to continue prophylactic aminocaproic acid. Based on recent evidence discussed, what is the most appropriate approach?

A cat with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is being started on clopidogrel to prevent thromboembolism. If this cat requires an emergency surgical procedure, what is the most appropriate management regarding clopidogrel?

A dog presents with severe sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Initial coagulation testing shows prolonged PT and aPTT, thrombocytopenia, and elevated D-dimers. TEG analysis reveals a rapidly forming but weak clot with evidence of fibrinolysis. Which combination of therapeutic interventions is MOST likely to be beneficial in managing this patient's coagulopathy?

In what situation should coagulation testing be considered a priority?

What is the main process evaluated during primary hemostasis?

What mechanism does fibrinolysis play in hemostasis?

What does a reference laboratory offer that in-house coagulation testing may lack?

What is the initial step in platelet activation during primary hemostasis?

In the cell-based model of coagulation, what is the role of the platelet?

What is the implication of inflammation on coagulation?

How does tissue factor initiate coagulation?

How is the extrinsic pathway of coagulation assessed?

Which coagulation factor is unique to the extrinsic pathway?

In what clinical scenario is vitamin K administration MOST likely to resolve a prolonged PT?

What does TPA do?

What is achieved when the concentration of citrate is too low in a blue top tube used for coagulation testing?

Why is it important to avoid excessive suction when drawing blood for coagulation tests?

If a dog has a normal platelet count but shows clinical signs of platelet dysfunction, which test is most appropriate?

If a dog has Von Willebrand's disease, what result can be expected from the Buccal Mucosal Bleeding Time?

How might a thromboelastography (TEG) tracing indicate hypercoagulability?

If you suspect a dog might have hemophilia, which coagulation test should you prioritize?

What is the effect on coagulation when a patient receives a large volume of crystalloid fluids?

What should be routinely considered when a patient is diagnosed with immune-mediated thrombocytopenia?

What is a major limitation of using PT and aPTT assays for assessing coagulation?

What clinical finding in a dog with a hemoabdomen would suggest consideration of antifibrinolytic therapy?

How does anticoagulant rodenticide cause coagulopathy?

Which coagulation test is recommended for the therapeutic monitoring of unfractionated heparin?

What is the primary advantage of rivaroxaban over warfarin in anticoagulation therapy?

What is the clinical relevance of a shortened PT and aPTT result?

You have a patient with a normal platelet count but presents with petechiae, ecchymoses, and prolonged bleeding after venipuncture. What disorder should be suspected?

Which of the following is an important step in the diagnostic process of a dog with a suspected coagulopathy?

What does a normal D-dimer result indicate when suspecting a thrombotic event?

Dogs with hemangiosarcoma are prone to developing a consumptive coagulopathy associated with severe hemorrhage. Which common secondary sequelae are they susceptible to?

You have a greyhound undergoing an elective surgical procedure. Which coagulation parameter is most likely to be abnormal, and what prophylactic treatment is commonly employed to address it?

Regarding Von Willebrand factor, what results are diagnostic in the subclinical state?

During times of surgery, why should you consider avoiding blood product administration?

What is the best practice when drawing coagulation panels?

Which factor related to test parameters is most important to control for when administering calcium?

How should you adjust anticoagulant therapy should you find a patient with a hypercoagulable and inflamed disease state?

The best practice for pre-operative action on a patient undergoing surgery while on Plavix should prioritize?

The common factors on each pathway of coagulation share which step?

What is the MOST important consideration when collecting samples for coagulation testing?

During the process of platelet activation, what substance is released to attract more platelets to the site of injury?

Which of the following best describes the role of tissue factor in the cell-based model of coagulation?

To assess fibrinolysis, which of the following tests is MOST specific for measuring the breakdown of cross-linked fibrin?

After surgical removal of a spleen in a dog with hemangiosarcoma that had pre-existing hyperfibrinolysis, what is the recommendation for continued treatment with aminocaproic acid?

A dog is suspected of having anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity but the owner is certain about not using rat poison in their home. What is the MOST appropriate follow-up question?

A Doberman Pinscher presents for a routine pre-operative exam. What is the MOST appropriate course of action related to coagulation testing?

Given the pathophysiology of Immune-Mediated Thrombocytopenia, why is cystocentesis contraindicated in patients with severe thrombocytopenia?

What findings would MOST suggest a diagnosis of hemophilia?

In a thromboelastography (TEG) tracing, what does a decreased maximum amplitude (MA) MOST likely indicate?

What is the MOST likely cause of a prolonged PT with a normal platelet count and a normal aPTT in a dog presenting with acute onset of bleeding?

Regarding coagulation testing in emergency patients, what action should a clinician take if the coagulation results do not align with the clinical presentation?

How does Clopidogrel affect platelet function and what is the recommended course of action for a dog on Clopidogrel requiring an emergency surgical procedure?

You suspect your patient is in a hypercoagulable state. Which coagulation test would give you the MOST comprehensive information?

A cat presents with a prolonged PTT, a low normal range platelet count and no clinical signs of bleeding. Further investigation reveals factor XII deficiency. What is the MOST appropriate clinical action?

Which situation warrants immediate administration of plasma?

A cat with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is on clopidogrel. Upon emergency admission with a fractured femur what is the MOST appropriate course of action?

A hypercoagulable patient is prescribed Rivaroxaban. What is an important consideration or drawback of selecting this therapeutic choice?

An 8-year-old otherwise healthy retriever presents to you obtunded with a hemoabdomen secondary to a bleeding splenic mass. You elect to perform a splenectomy but note that the patient is severely hypotensive. What action should you take regarding aminocaproic acid?

Under what condition could a dog with a normal platelet count and showing clinical signs of mucosal bleeding MOST POSSIBLY have a normal BMBT and a normal Von Willebrand factor assay?