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Questions and Answers
What is the gait pattern observed in the case of CPZ?
What is the onset time for Thiopental?
What is the classification of Chloral hydrate?
What is the effect of CPZ on grip strength?
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What is the common characteristic among the three drugs?
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What is the type of anesthesia induced by Thiopental?
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What is the characteristic of Chloral hydrate-induced hypnosis?
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What is the category of CPZ?
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What is the duration of onset for Chloral hydrate?
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What is the effect of CPZ on the CNS?
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Study Notes
Central Nervous System (CNS) Depressants
- CNS depressants are drugs that slow down brain activity by affecting the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
- These drugs are used to treat disorders such as insomnia, anxiety, sleep disorders, and seizures.
Types of CNS Depressants
- Sedatives: produce a state of drowsiness in smaller doses.
- Hypnotics: induce sleep, and can be classified into barbiturate and non-barbiturate hypnotics.
- Tranquilizers: relieve mental anxiety and stress without affecting consciousness.
Hypnotics
- Barbiturate hypnotics can be classified into long, intermediate, short, and ultra-short acting barbiturates.
- Examples of hypnotics: Thiopental (ultra-short acting barbiturate), Chloral hydrate (non-barbiturate hypnotic).
Tranquilizers
- Chlorpromazine is a prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug that blocks post-synaptic D2 dopamine receptors in the mesolimbic area.
- It relieves mental anxiety and stress without affecting consciousness.
Scheme of Identification
- General parameters: species (frog or mouse), sex (male or female), age (mature), weight (> 10 grams), dose calculation, and route of administration (S.C or I.P).
- Specific parameters: vitality, activity, heart rate, respiratory rate, eye (ball and pupil), reflexes, gait, secretions, excretions, and CNS manifestations.
Thiopental, Chloral Hydrate, and CPZ
- Thiopental: ultra-short acting barbiturate, induces hypnosis with closed eyes, and has a rapid onset of 3-7 minutes.
- Chloral hydrate: non-barbiturate hypnotic, induces hypnosis with open eyes, and has a slower onset of 15-25 minutes.
- CPZ: antipsychotic drug, induces creeping gait, catalepsy, and loss of grip strength, and has an onset of 5-10 minutes.
Conclusion
- Thiopental, Chloral hydrate, and CPZ are all CNS depressants, but belong to different drug subgroups: ultra-short acting barbiturate, non-barbiturate hypnotic, and antipsychotic, respectively.
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Description
Learn about Central Nervous System (CNS) depressants, their functions, and types. This quiz covers the uses of CNS depressants in treating insomnia, anxiety, sleep disorders, and seizures.
