Questions and Answers
What do Long Term Care Centers provide?
Who are referred to as residents in long-term care centers?
Persons in long-term care centers.
Alert, oriented residents know who and where they are.
True
What characteristics describe confused and disoriented residents?
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What are complete care residents unable to do?
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What is the purpose of short-term residents or respite care?
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Which of the following is included in Developmental Disability?
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Medicare is a program for those under 65 years of age.
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What does Medicaid provide?
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OBRA ensures that residents have rights to __________ and confidentiality.
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What is a key component of the Nursing Process?
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What are the 5 steps of the Nursing Process?
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What is required for restraint use?
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What is the primary focus of restorative nursing?
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What is the purpose of safety and security needs?
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Retaining a job requires no competency evaluation after two years.
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Follow the rules for hand hygiene and DO NOT wear ______.
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Which personal protective equipment (PPE) should be worn when in contact with blood or body fluids?
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You should touch your hair while wearing gloves in a care setting.
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What should be done with used linens to avoid contamination?
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Match the following body systems or parts with their functions.
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What is the main part of the uterus called?
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The left ventricle pumps blood to the lungs.
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What is the outer layer of the heart called?
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The male sex hormone, ______, is produced in the testes.
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Where does food absorption primarily take place?
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The scrotum holds the testes suspended between the thighs.
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What type of joint allows movement in all directions?
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In __________, the heart chamber fills with blood.
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What is the term for the male sex cell?
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Osteoarthritis is characterized by joint inflammation.
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What happens during menstruation?
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Study Notes
Long Term Care Centers
- Provide essential services for individuals unable to self-care, including medical, nursing, dietary, and social support.
Residents
- Individuals residing in long-term care, either permanently or temporarily, often older with chronic conditions or disabilities.
Alert, Oriented Residents
- Residents aware of their identity, location, time, and year; may require varying levels of assistance based on physical conditions.
Confused & Disoriented Residents
- Range from mild confusion to severe disorientation; some may have permanent cognitive issues while others experience temporary difficulties.
Complete Care Residents
- Require full assistance for all needs, including safety, cleanliness, and comfort due to confusion or disability.
Short-term Residents/Respite Care
- Individuals recuperating from surgeries or illnesses, often needing temporary care and support for recovery.
Life-long Residents
- Residents with lifelong disabilities from early injuries or conditions requiring continuous support in multiple life areas.
Developmental Disability
- A type of impairment diagnosed before age 22, which may involve both physical and intellectual limitations.
Mentally Ill Residents
- Individuals facing challenges with stress management affecting behavior and functionality.
Terminally Ill Residents
- Patients nearing the end of life due to disease, requiring compassionate care in their final stages.
Nursing Team
- Comprised of Registered Nurses (RNs), Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs), and Nursing Assistants (NAs) collaborating for patient care.
Nursing Process
- Five steps: Assessment, Nursing Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation aim to ensure comprehensive patient care.
Medicare
- A federal program providing health insurance primarily for individuals aged 65 and older.
Medicaid
- Federal and state program designed to assist with healthcare costs for low-income individuals.
OBRA Residents Rights
- Rights encompassing privacy, treatment refusal, personal choice, and protection from abuse, promoting a dignified quality of life.
Quality of Life Activities
- Facilities must provide activity programs that support physical, spiritual, and emotional well-being.
Quality of Life Environment
- Nursing facilities should present a clean, safe, and home-like atmosphere to enhance residents' living experience.
OBRA Requirements for Dignity & Privacy
- Guidelines emphasize respectful care, maintaining privacy, and ensuring personal choices and independence are honored.
OBRA Requirements (All 50 States)
- Mandates a training program and competency evaluation for Nursing Assistants in nursing centers.
OBRA Training Program
- Involves a minimum of 75 hours of instruction, including practical training for basic nursing care.
OBRA Competency Evaluation
- Comprises a written test and a skills demonstration after training, allowing three attempts for completion.
OBRA Nursing Assistant Registry
- Official record of successfully evaluated Nursing Assistants, maintained for a minimum of five years.
OBRA Other Requirements & Provisions
- Nursing Assistants who haven't worked for two years must undergo retraining and reevaluation.
Delegation
- Registered Nurses can assign tasks to LPNs and NAs, abiding by guidelines for right task and adequate supervision.
Refusing a Task
- Nursing Assistants can refuse tasks outside their legal scope, for safety, training inadequacy, or unclear directives.
Ethical Aspects
- Emphasizes understanding right from wrong; behavior should prioritize patient well-being and fairness.
Good Work Ethics
- Key traits include empathy, dependability, respect, honesty, and cooperation in the care environment.
Assessment
- Involves gathering comprehensive information, including health history and related medical documentation.
Signs
- Objective data observable through physical examination or tests, such as vital signs or visible symptoms.
Symptoms
- Subjective experiences relayed by patients, such as pain or feelings, which cannot be independently observed.
Nursing Evaluation
- Assesses if planned goals were met, potentially leading to adjustments in care plans based on observed progress.
Safety & Security Needs
- Essential for residents to feel secure, including clear communication regarding upcoming procedures.
Dealing with Behavior Issues
- Maintain dignity and respect, offering clear answers and ensuring timely assistance to alleviate distress.
Family & Visitors
- The presence of loved ones supports emotional needs, impacting recovery and overall quality of life.
Accident Risk Factors
- Vulnerabilities arise with age, impaired senses, mobility issues, and the effects of medications.
Preventing Burns
- Key measures include proper supervision around hot materials and vigilant monitoring of environmental hazards.
Wheelchair Safety
- Ensure proper conditions of the wheelchair and secure the safety of residents during transport.
Stretcher Safety
- Collaborate with colleagues for safe transfers; essential to ensure safety straps are secure during transport.
Restorative Nursing/Rehabilitation
- Focused on holistic improvement in each resident’s self-care, mobility, communication, and cognitive skills.
Whole Person
- Respects the physical, social, psychological, and spiritual components of an individual.
Self-Help Devices
- Tailored devices to assist residents with specific limitations in everyday tasks to promote independence.
Rehab & Restorative Focus on PERSON
- Emphasis on comfort, ethical behavior, independence, and adherence to regulatory standards.
Restraint Use
- Should only occur as a last resort to prevent harm; not intended for convenience or discipline.
Restraint Risks
- Potential negative effects include physical and emotional distress, mobility limitations, and health complications.
Restraint Safety
- Restraints must follow strict guidelines, including proper sizing, securement, and regular monitoring for safety.
Hand Washing Procedure
- Essential steps for effective hygiene, ensuring prevention of infection through meticulous cleaning practices.
Standard Precaution Rules
- Guidelines focusing on hand hygiene, use of personal protective equipment, and proper handling of materials to prevent contamination.### Infection Control Guidelines
- Use disposable or utility gloves for cleaning or in care settings; remove gloves after contact with individuals or equipment.
- Never wear the same pair of gloves for multiple patients; change gloves if moving from contaminated to clean areas.
- Do not wash gloves for reuse; change gloves during patient care when necessary.
- Employ mouth, nose, and eye protection (masks, goggles, face shields) for tasks likely to cause splashes of bodily fluids.
- For respiratory secretions, wear gloves, gowns, and a face shield or mask with goggles.
Hygiene Practices
- Cover mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing; use tissues to contain respiratory secretions and dispose of them correctly.
- Practice hand hygiene and avoid contamination while handling visibly soiled care equipment.
Environmental Control
- Follow agency policies for cleaning and maintaining surfaces.
- Handle used linens gently to prevent the spread of contaminants.
Worker Safety
- Ensure personal protection against blood-borne pathogens in all healthcare activities.
- Use equipment like a mouthpiece for rescue breathing to avoid direct contact with oral secretions.
Patient Placement and Room Management
- Preferred placement for patients at risk of infection is in a private room.
- Follow nursing directives if a private room is unavailable.
Bed Making Protocols
- Use good body mechanics; practice standard and medical asepsis when making a bed.
- Handle linens carefully: avoid shaking or putting dirty linens on clean surfaces.
- Change wet or soiled linens immediately to maintain hygiene.
Denture Care
- Handle and clean dentures over a towel-lined basin to prevent breakage; use cool water to preserve shape.
- Store dentures in a designated container and remove them at bedtime for better oral care.
Perineal Care Guidelines
- For females, clean from front to back using separate parts of a washcloth with each stroke.
- For males, retract the foreskin (if uncircumcised); clean the tip with circular motions and return the foreskin afterward.
Dressing Assistance
- Always undress the stronger side first; dress the weaker side first to encourage patient participation in care.
Shaving Techniques
- Use electric razors for patients on anticoagulants; avoid safety razors to minimize cuts.
- Soften skin prior to shaving, and shave in the direction of hair growth to prevent irritation.
Skin Anatomy
- The epidermis is the outer skin layer and contains pigment but has no blood vessels.
- The dermis, the inner layer, contains blood vessels, nerves, and skin appendages like sweat and oil glands.
Joint Anatomy
- Tendons connect muscles to bones, while ligaments connect bones at joints.
- Joints can be categorized into ball-and-socket (hip, shoulder), hinge (elbow), and pivot (skull/spine) types.
Cardiac Anatomy
- The heart consists of several layers: the pericardium (outer), myocardium (muscular middle), and endocardium (inner lining).
- The right atrium receives blood from the body; the left atrium receives blood from the lungs.
Respiratory System
- The trachea (windpipe) divides into bronchi leading to alveoli for gas exchange.
Reproductive Anatomy
- Testes produce sperm and testosterone; ovaries secrete estrogen and progesterone.
- The prostate gland and urethra play vital roles in the male reproductive system.
Aging Effects
- Skin changes in older adults include loss of elasticity, dryness, fragility, and decreased sensation.
- Digestive system alterations may cause reduced saliva production, decreased appetite, and slower peristalsis, leading to potential digestion issues.
Fractures and Joint Health
- Closed fractures do not break the skin, while open fractures do.
- Conditions like osteoarthritis involve joint inflammation, resulting in pain and mobility issues, particularly in weight-bearing joints.
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Description
This quiz contains flashcards designed to help Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) students learn key concepts related to long-term care facilities. It covers important definitions and terms that are essential for understanding the environment and residents of these centers.
